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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of Novel Functionalized Aryl Cyanate Ester Oligomers. 1. Synthesis and Thermal Characterization of the Monomers (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 27 (1994), S. 4927-4935 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00096a013
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of the relative reactivity of alkenyl-functionalized toughening modifiers for bis-maleimides (1991)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 27 (1991), S. 163-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A study of the copolymerization of HPLC-pure bis(4-maleimidophenyl)methane (DDM-BMI) with four alkenyl-functionalized aromatic comonomers using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the effects of various catalysts on the reaction is presented. The added catalysts appeared to have little effect on the overall polymerization behaviour and the onset of reaction was largely governed by the fusion temperature of the DDM-BMI monomer. However, the maximum rate (during scanning at 10K/minute) was dependent on the structures of the alkenyl co-monomers. A study of the relative reactivity of ortho disbustituted allyl and propenyl bis-phenols employing DSC and dilute solution Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy is also presented. Attempts are made to reconcile the reactivity with the nature and orientation of the substitutents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296026
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the polymerization behaviour of N-(4-phenoxy)-phenylmaleimide using DSC analysis (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 521-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The thermal cure of a monofunctional maleimide N-(4-phenoxy)-phenylmaleimid (1) was examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The analogous bis-maleimide bis-(4-maleimidophenyl)ether (2) was also analyzed in the same manner for comparison. Polymerization kinetics derived from scanning DSC measurements showed an order of reaction varying between n=1 and 2 for (1), compared to an order of reaction between n=2 and 3 (by multiple linear regression analysis) for (2). The overall enthalpy of polymerization (ΔHo) for N-(4-phenoxy)-phenylmaleimide (94kJ/mole) agrees well with that obtained for maleimide itself (89kJ/mole) using conventional calorimetric techniques indicating that polymerization appears complete within the timescale of the experiment. In contrast the analogous BMI displays a markedly lower overall polymerization enthalpy (ca. 66kJ/mole) indicating an apparent conversion of only 37%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296470
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the cyclotrimerisation and polymerisation of aryl cyanates using 13C and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (1991)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 25 (1991), S. 475-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Three aryl cyanates, together with the products of the cyclotrimerisation of the cyanates to form aryloxy-s-triazines, have been characterised by 13C and 15N nmr spectroscopy. A quantitative nmr technique is proposed which allows the monitoring of the conversion of both monofunctional and difunctional cyanates to the corresponding triazines. The results compare favourably with those obtained using Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310239
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of controllable metal-chelate curing agents with improved storage stability (1994)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 33 (1994), S. 347-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The novel latent epoxy curing agent and commercial epoxy system designated MY750/Cu(PGE-EMI)4Cl2 shows remarkable properties under both extended storage and cure conditions. For example, after a period of 2600 hours at ambient temperature the viscosity of an MY750/Cu(PGE-EMI)4Cl2 mixture is still low enough (ca.3x106 cps) to be measured at ambient temperature, while the corresponding MY750/(PGE-EMI) adduct mixture is too viscous to be measured (ca. 8x106 cps) after only 430 hours. The slower increase in viscosity of the complex mixture indicates that it is much more stable than its parent imidazole when dispersed in an epoxy prepolymer over an extended period of time. FTIR and 1H n.m.r. data suggest that after heating an MY750/Cu(PGE-EMI)4Cl2 mixture for 5 minutes at high temperatures (120–140°C) and a room temperature quench, almost no further cure occurs thereafter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314273
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High temperature 1H NMR studies of epoxy cure: A neglected technique (1994)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 33 (1994), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary By reference to the reaction of a copper complex of phenyl glycidyl ether and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, and Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at high temperature is shown to be an excellent and under-utilized method for measuring the degree of cure, enabling kinetic parameters to be obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297358
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of metal-aromatic diamine complexes and their influence on the cure of a commericial epoxy resin (1996)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 36 (1996), S. 295-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The preparation of metal-aromatic diamine complexes is reported along with their characterisation by infrared spectroscopy. Dynamic viscometry (gel-point determination) was used to assess the reactivity of some of the metal-diamine complexes with a commercial epoxy resin. Significant differences were observed in the viscosity profiles for formulations with different metal contents. These related to the reactivities of the diamines which are themselves a function of metal content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319228
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of 2,2′-bis(4-cyanatophenyl)isopropylidene (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 20 (1990), S. 285-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound is monoclinic:a=13.345(3),b=11.393(2),c=10.046(5)Å,β=108.48(2)°,Z=4,P21/c. The structure was determined by direct methods, using MoKα diffractometer data, and refined by full-matrix least squares toR=0.045 for 1463 reflections. The structure shows a central tetrahedral carbon atom surrounded by two methyl and two phenylcyanate groups. The geometry of the cyanate group compares well with that in 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl cyanate, the only example of an organic cyanate in the Cambridge Crystallographic database (V.3). The intermolecular nitrile, C-N, distances were examined for evidence of a possible dimerization interaction; no significant distances were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01187255
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of 2,2′-bis(3-allyl-4-cyanatophenyl)isopropylidene (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 22 (1992), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of the title compound (I) was determined by direct methods using MoKα diffractometer data, and refined by full-matrix least squares toR=0.066 for 1536 reflections (I≥3σ (I)). The structure shows a central tetrahedral carbon atom surrounded by two methyl and two 3-allyl-4-cyanatophenyl groups. The geometry of the cyanato group in this molecule compares well with those in 2,2′-bis(4-cyanatophenyl)isopropylideneII) and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-phenylcyanate (III), the only other examples of organic compounds bearing the cyanato moiety in the Cambridge Crystallographic Database (V.3).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01161371
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of temperature and time-dependent network formation in commercial epoxy resins using modified imidazole curing agents (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 41 (1996), S. 159-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: epoxy resins ; imidazoles ; copper (II) complexes ; curing agents ; dynamic viscometry ; gel permeation chromatography ; high performance liquid chromatography ; 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Two commercial epoxy resins, MY750 and MY720, were cured over a range of cure temperatures with a series of novel curing agents based on modified imidazoles. A combination of techniques, including dynamic viscometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, high performance and gel permeation chromatography, were used to analyse the reaction mixture. It appears that for a given formulation and given resin, the viscosity behaviour near gelation is different for different cure temperatures and the mechanism appears to be dependent not only on the nature of the imidazole curing agent, but also on the cure temperature. Higher temperature cure appears to lead to the formation of a less ‘homogeneous’ reaction mixture at the gel point, containing oligomeric chain lengths of higher polydispersity, whereas in the lower temperature cure, oligomers of a smaller range of chain lengths are present.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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