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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypic variability of Leptosphaeria lindquistii (anamorph: Phoma macdonaldii), a fungal pathogen of sunflower (2000)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 49 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Growth of 17 isolates of Phoma macdonaldii, the causal agent of sunflower black stem, was investigated for response to pH and temperature, and for morphology and asexual morphogenesis (pycnidiogenesis and pycnidium size). For all isolates, the optimum pH for growth was between 4 and 5, and the optimum temperature varied between 20 and 30°C and radial growth was slowest at 5 and 35°C. Significant differences in the number and size of pycnidia were observed between isolates. Pycniospore germination was investigated under various conditions in five isolates chosen for their geographical origins, pigmentation, optimum growth temperature and pycnidiogenesis. Increasing the concentration from 106 to 107 pycniospores per mL decreased the germination rate. The optimum temperature for pycniospore germination varied between 15 and 30°C, depending on the isolate, and the optimum and maximum pH values were 5 and 7, respectively. The optimum and minimum relative humidities allowing pycniospore germination were 100 and 95%, respectively. Pycniospore germination was photo-independent. An artificial inoculation method was developed and the aggressiveness of the pathogen was assessed on a susceptible sunflower cultivar, using a 1–9 scale that integrated the percentage of necrotic area on the cotyledon petiole at the stage when the first pair of leaves was fully developed. Significant differences in aggressiveness were observed among the 17 isolates. The parameters investigated clearly suggest the occurrence of a wide phenotypic variability in Phoma macdonaldii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2000.00451.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diallel analysis of partial resistance to an Iranian strain of bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonascampestris pv. cerealis) in wheat (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 45 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Six wheat genotypes with wide genetic variability for resistance to bacterial leaf streak were crossed in diallel fashion to determine the inheritance of resistance to this disease. Parental genotypes and their F1 hybrids were inoculated at the second leaf stage with an Iranian isolate of Xanthomonas campestris pv. cerealis. Two experiments were undertaken in a controlled environment chamber. Results showed that the genotypes IBPT66, IBPT84 and IBPT34 had a high level of partial resistance to the disease. General and specific combining abilities presented several significant positive or negative values, showing the importance of both additive and dominant genetic control for partial resistance to this bacterial disease. The resistant line IBPT66 could be a good donor of partial resistance to bacterial leaf streak in wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1996.d01-197.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of partial resistance to bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas campestris pv. cerealis) in wheat (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science
    Plant pathology 45 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Genetic variability of partial resistance to bacterial leaf streak was investigated in hexaploid winter wheat (Triticum aestivum.), using 16 parental genotypes and 48 pure lines (F10) derived from a composite cross programme. Two experiments were undertaken in a controlled growth chamber. Seeds of all genotypes were grown under controlled conditions using a randomized block design with three replications. Each replication consisted of a row of 20 seedlings of each parent and pure line. An Iranian strain of bacterial leaf streak was used for the inoculation of 12-day-old seedlings. In a third experiment, eight genotypes from parents and F10 pure lines representing a large variability for partial resistance were inoculated with four other Iranian strains of bacterial leaf streak. A large genetic variability was observed amongst the 64 genotypes for partial resistance to the disease. Partial resistance heritability estimates were rather high (70%), indicating that the resistance factors may be transmitted by crossing. Amongst all genotypes investigated, ‘DC2-30-N2’ and ‘IBPT-66’ displayed the highest partial resistance to the disease. Significant correlations between strains in the third experiment show that a genotype resistant or susceptible to one strain will have similar reactions with other strains. No significant genetic gain was observed for partial resistance in the best pure line of the 48 lines studied, when compared with the best parental line. Increasing the number of pure lines is likely to result in the identification of genotypes that might prove to be more resistant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1996.d01-166.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of inoculation of barley inflorescences with Drechslera teres upon the location of seed-borne inoculum and its transmission to seedlings as modified by temperature and soil moisture (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 43 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An investigation of the location of Drechslera teres on barley (cv. Thibaut) seeds showed that, when artificial contamination was carried out at the time of flowering, all parts of the caryopsis. including the embryo, were infected by the two forms (f. teres and f. maculata) of the pathogen. An assessment was made of the possible role of abiotic factors, including the effects of temperature and soil moisture, on the expression of the primary symptoms caused by the two forms of the pathogen. The most severe damage was observed in dry soils (pF 3-4) at temperatures off. 12°C. On young barley seedlings, the seed-borne inoculum caused coleoptile symptoms in the case of the form maculata, whereas the form teres induced mostly foliar symptoms. Foliar necroses may result from systemic invasion by the pathogen located in the seed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1994.tb02695.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of partial resistance to black stem (Phoma macdonaldii) in sunflower (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 49 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Two programmes to investigate the inheritance of resistance to black stem in sunflowers were undertaken in a controlled-environment growth chamber. In the first, an experiment was performed using a randomized complete block design with 24 lines, six male-sterile (A lines), six maintainers (B lines), six restorers (R lines) and their six F1 hybrids in six replications. Each treatment consisted of 12 seedlings. Twelve-day-old seedlings were inoculated with a suspension of pycniospores, and 7 days later the two cotyledon petioles of each seedling were scored on a 1–9 scale for the percentage of necrotic area. Some alloplasmic lines (which have the same nucleus and different cytoplasms) gave a significant cytoplasmic effect for improved partial resistance to the disease. Deviation of F1 hybrids from the mean of the parent values was significant for partial resistance to Phoma macdonaldii in three of the six F1 hybrids. Two further experiments with eight lines (resistant and susceptible) at the fifth leaf-pair and flowering stages were carried out under the same conditions. At both growth stages the previous classification of lines at the seedling stage was confirmed. In the second programme, five male-sterile sunflower lines were crossed with five fertility-restorers in a factorial mating design. The 10 inbred lines and their 25 F1 hybrids were studied in two successive experiments under the same conditions and with the same experimental design and isolate of Phoma as in the seedling-stage experiment in the first programme. Analysis of variance showed that male-sterile and restorer lines possessed general combining abilities, and also that specific combining abilities of F1 hybrids were significant. The estimates of general combining ability for partial resistance were significant in AS617A, AS618A and AS614R inbred lines. These lines are available for developing F1 hybrids with improved resistance to Phoma in sunflower-breeding programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2000.00464.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in the resistance of barley cultivars and in the pathogenicity of Drechslera teres f. sp. maculata and D. teres f. sp. teres isolates from France (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 41 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Isolates of Drechslera teres that cause net or spot-type symptoms on barley (Hordeum vulgare) were collected in 1986 and 1987 from fields in different regions of France. Variations in pathogenicity were evaluated using 12 barley cultivars. The Middle-Eastern cultivars Arrivate and 79-S10-10 were resistant to all isolates except R5 and S5. The Ethiopian cultivar C1 5791, previously reported to be resistant, was susceptible to the R5 and S5 biotypes. There was a high correlation coefficient between the classification of cultivars for resistance to D. teres f. sp. teres and D. teres f. sp. maculata. A method for conserving the virulence of the isolates on straw is evaluated. The virulence level of the isolates was the same after 4 years of storage using this method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1992.tb02336.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic Analysis for Partial Resistance to an Iranian Strain of Bacterial Leaf Streak (X. campestris pv. hordei) in Barley (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 113 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Seven barley genotypes with high genetic variability for resistance to bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas campestris pv. hordei) were crossed in diallel fashion to determine the inheritance of resistance to this disease. Two experiments were undertaken in a controlled growth chamber using a complete-block design with four replicates. Each replicate consisted of a row of 20 seedlings per parent or F1 hybrid. An Iranian strain of bacterial leaf streak was used for inoculation of 12-day-old seedlings. Results showed that the cultivars ‘Express’ and ‘Morex’ and the Iranian pure line Iran-3a had a high partial resistance in booth experiments. Diallel analysis showed highly significant general and specific combining abilities. ‘Morex’ and Iran-3a were the best combiners for partial resistance to bacterial leaf streak in barley and could be successfully used for breeding purposes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1994.tb00743.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of Partial Resistance to Net Blotch in Barley (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 105 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Reciprocal crosses were made between 9 different barley genotypes with high genetic variability for net blotch resistance. Parents and 72 F1 plants were used to determine the inheritance of partial resistance to net blotch. Four experiments, one in a growth chamber on seedlings and 3 others in the field on adult plants, were undertaken using a randomised complete block design. An isolate of net blotch from local cultivars was used for inoculation. Non-inoculated plants of one of the field experiments were used for the detached leaf test in petri dishes.Results show that the cultivars ‘Banteng’, and ‘Arrivate’, the Ethiopian line CI 5791, and the Syrian line 79 SIO-10, had a high partial resistance in all experiments. Diallel analysis showed high significant general and specific combining ability when maternal and reciprocal effects were not significant. As the resistance genotypes have a high additive genetic effect, they could be successfully used for breeding purposes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00468.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic Variability for Grain Yield and Protein Content in Barley and Its Modification by Net Blotch (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 108 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Protein content, yield and 1000-grain weight of healthy and net blotch-diseased plants were studied in a diallel cross programme concerning nine different varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). F1 hybrids and their parents were grown in the field in two randomized block design experiments each with three replications (three inoculated and three non-inoculated plots). General and specific combining abilities were determined for yield, protein percentage, 1000 grain weight, protein yield, and non-protein yield. A high genetic variability for the traits studied was observed. Non-protein yield and 1000-grain weight decreased significantly in inoculated plants where protein yield was not affected. Significant general and specific combining abilities were observed for all traits. Values for general and specific combining abilities were, in some cases, significantly modified by net blotch of barley. This indicates that attention must be paid to the danger of drawing conclusions in quantitative genetics studies dealing with both diseased and healthy plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1992.tb00134.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential of doubled-haploid lines and localization of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for partial resistance to bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas campestris pv. hordei) in barley (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 95-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Quantitative trait loci ; Barley ; Doubled haploid ; Partial resistance ; Xanthomonas campestris pv. hordei
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Genetic variability for partial resistance to bacterial leaf streak in barley, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. hordei, was investigated in 119 doubled-haploid lines (DH) developed by the Hordeum bulbosum method from the F1 progeny of the cross between two cultivars, ‘Morex’ (resistant) and ‘Steptoe’ (susceptible). Two experiments were undertaken in a randomized complete block design with three replicates, in a controlled growth chamber. Twenty seeds per replicate were planted in plastic containers (60×40×8 cm) containing moistened vermiculite. At the two-leaf stage seedlings were inoculated with an Iranian strain of the pathogen. Genetic variability was observed among the 119 DH lines for partial resistance to the disease. Some DH lines were significantly more resistant than ‘Morex’ (resistant parent) to bacterial leaf streak. Genetic gain in percentage of resistant parent for 5% of the selected DH lines was significant (47.70% and 33.72% in the first and the second experiment, respectively). A QTL analysis of bacterial leaf streak resistance showed that three QTLs were detected on chromosomes 3 and 7. Multilocus allelic effects of the three QTLs account for almost 54% of the mean difference between the parents and nearly 30% of the phenotypic variation of the trait in the mean experiment. The resistance locus on chromosome 3, near ABG377, apprears to be a major gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050714
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