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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 45 (1998), S. 315-333 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Soldier, caste, evolution, ants.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: The traditional hypothesis that ant soldiers originate from large size workers is rejected in favour of their direct origin from gynes. This conclusion is supported by the first report of soldiers smaller than workers, by an intercaste morphometric comparative analysis by means of D'Arcy Thompson's transformation grids and by phylogenetic studies on Cephalotes showing that the cephalic shield appeared ancestrally among soldiers and only later among gynes. The same conclusion flows from facts already known but hitherto misunderstood and stressed in this paper such as: 1) there are species of Cephalotes with soldiers with incomplete cephalic shield and no gyne shield and other species with complete soldier shield but only incomplete gyne shield; 2) the phragmotic behaviour is exercised by workers and soldiers and not by gynes but its morphological correlate, i.e., the shield-shaped head, occurs among soldiers and gynes and not in workers. These observations prove that the selection pressure for the shield morphology acts on workers and soldiers and not on gynes but its morphological correlate actually appears first in soldiers, later in gynes and never in workers. These data sharply contrast with a worker origin of soldiers and are perfectly consistent with the hypothesis of a separate origin of soldiers directly from gynes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 35 (1988), S. 241-250 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume L'apparition de stridulations pendant le recrutement des congénères du nid vers une source de nourriture, déduite, pour d'autres espèces de fourmis, à partir d'observations sur le comportement, a été démontrée pour la première fois chezMessor capitatus (Latreille). La stridulation apparaît sur le lieu d'alimentation. Mais elle peut apparaître également pendant le recrutement dans le nid même si, probablement, la production de sons ne peut être ni confirmée, ni démentie. Cela constitue le second cas connu d'apparition de comportements stridulatoires chez des fourmis ouvrières. Comme dans l'autre cas déjà connu (alarme souterraine) les sons produits par l'émetteur sont perçus comme des vibrations du substrat. L'incapacité à produire des stridulations n'empêche pas les fourmis de recruter vers une source de nourriture. Des colonies de fourmis artificiellement réduites au silence recrutent vers une source de nourriture à 70 cm de distance avec un délai de 5–10 minutes par rapport aux contrôles. Un délai pareil, dans des conditions naturelles et sous la pression de la compétition intercoloniale, peut impliquer la perte de 2–3 mètres ou plus d'espace utilisée selon la vitesse de déplacement des fourmis qui est, en revanche, liée à la température.
    Notes: Summary The occurence of stridulation during recruitment of nestmates to food sources, already assumed from behavioural evidence in the literature for other ant species, has been recorded for the first time inMessor capitatus (Latreille). Stridulation occurs at the feeding site. It may also occur during the “waggle” display in the nest, but this cannot be certainly confirmed or denied. This represents the second context in which stridulatory behavior occurs among worker ants, and, as in the previously known case—underground alarm—the sounds produced by the sender appear to be perceived as substrate vibrations. Stridulation inability does not prevent ants from recruiting to food sources. Artificially silenced ant colonies recruit to feeding sites at 70 cm distance with some 5–10 min delay relative to controls. Such a delay, under natural conditions and with intercolony competition might imply the loss of 2–3 meters utilized space or more, according to the ants' walking speed which is, in turn, temperature dependent.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 16 (1969), S. 313-316 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 79 (1992), S. 374-376 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1992-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0028-1042
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1904
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer
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