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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 142 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Contrary to its effect on rich medium, d-cycloserine showed no bactericidal effect on Zymomonas mobilis cells cultured on mineral medium. Addition of a mixture of glycine and glutamic acid to the mineral medium restored its bactericidal action. However, mutant enrichments run in these conditions were biased, with mostly methionine mutants isolated. A decrease of the d-cycloserine concentration only reduced the bias.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Strains of Halobacteria from an Algerian culture collection were screened for their lipolytic activity against p-nitrophenyl butyrate (PNPB) and p-nitrophenyl palmitate (PNPP). Most strains were active on both esters and 12% hydrolyzed olive oil. A strain identified as Natronococcus sp. was further studied. It grew optimally at 3.5 M NaCl, pH 8 and 40°C. An increase in temperature shifted the optimum salt concentration range for growth from a wider range of 2–4 M, obtained at 25–30°C, to a narrower range of 3.5–4 M, obtained at 35–40°C. At 45°C the optimum salt concentration was 2 M. These results show a clear correlation between salt and temperature requirement. The optimum conditions for the production of hydrolytic activity during growth were: 3.5 M NaCl and pH 8 for PNPB hydrolytic activity and 4 M NaCl and pH 7.5 for PNPP hydrolytic activity; both at 40°C. The clear supernatant of cells grown at 4 M NaCl showed olive oil hydrolysis activity (in presence of 4 M NaCl) demonstrating the occurrence of a lipase activity in this strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a lipase activity at such high salt concentration.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1988), S. 193-202 
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une nouvelle levure amylolytique,Candida edax CBM20, a été isolée à partir du sol. La souche peut pousser à 37°C et pH 4,5 sur un milieu minéral contenant de l'amidon soluble avec un taux de croissance maximum de 0.59 h−1 et un rendement cellulaire de 0,58 g par g d'amidon utilisé. La souche synthétise de fortes activités α-amylase et glucoamylase, toutes les deux intra-et extra-cellulaires.Candida edax CBM20 est considérée comme un bon candidat pour la production de protéines d'organismes unicellulaires à partir d'amidon.
    Abstract: Resumen Se ha aislado una nueva levadura amilolítica,Candida edax CBM 20 a partir del suelo. La cepa puede crecer a 37°C y a pH 4.5 en un medio mineral con almidón soluble, obteniendose una tasa de crecimiento máxima de 0.59 h−1 y un rendimiento celular de 0.58 g por gramo de almidón utilizado. La cepa sintetiza elevades actividades de α-amilasa y de glucoamilasa tanto intra como extracelulares. Se considera aCandida edax como un buen candidato para la producción de proteínas celulares a partir de almidón.
    Notes: Summary A new amylolytic yeastCandida edax CBM20 was isolated from soil. The strain was able to grow at 37°C and pH 4.5 on a soluble starch (mineral salts) medium with a maximum specific growth rate of 0.59 h−1 and a cell yield of 0.58 g per gram utilized starch. The strain synthesized high activities of intra- and extra-cellular α-amylase and glycoamylase.Candida edax CBM20 is considered to be a good candidate for single-cell protein production from starch.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 26 (1987), S. 13-20 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary One invertase (Inv), five exoinulinases (Exo I; II; III; IV; V) and three endoinulinases (Endo I; II; III) were isolated from a commercial inulinase preparation derived from Aspergillus ficuum using ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel and DEAE-Trisacryl, gel filtration on Ultrogel and Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography on a Mono Q column. The invertase (Inv) had a molecular weight of 84000 and was much more active on sucrose than on inulin: the ratio of activity on inulin and sucrose (I/S ratio) was 0.01. The five exoinulinases show the same molecular weight of 74000 and I/S ratios in the range 0.16–0.36. The three endoinulinases had molecular weight of 64000 and I/S ratios in the range 0.86–2.92. All the β-fructofuranosidases were glycoproteins with a high sugar content (from 22 to 41% w/w). A. ficuum is the first described organism containing the three activities: invertase, exo and endoinulinase.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 47 (1997), S. 630-635 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The purified lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia was used as free and immobilized enzyme preparation for hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl palmitate (pNPP) and p-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA) in organic media. The free enzyme was mixed with bovine serum albumin and lyophilized. Immobilization was on porous polypropylene. Conditions where diffusional limitations of the substrate were not limiting the reaction rate were defined. The specific activity of the lipase was greatly enhanced upon immobilization: 16.5- and 7.8-fold for pNPP and pNPA respectively. Both the free and immobilized lipases followed Michaelis–Menten kinetics in organic solvent despite the heterogeneity (solid/liquid) of the reaction mixture. For pNPP, the activation factor upon immobilization came mainly from a reduction in K m, app while k cat was increased for pNPA.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: epoxide hydrolase ; Aspergillus niger ; p-nitrostyrene oxide ; optical resolution ; enantiomer separation ; chiral synthon ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The epoxide hydrolase activity of Aspergillus niger was synthesized during growth of the fungus and was shown to be associated with the soluble cell fraction. An enzyme preparation was worked out which could be used in place of the whole mycelium as biocatalyst for the hydrolysis of epoxides. The effect of four different cosolvents on enzyme activity was investigated. Consequently, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was selected for epoxide solubilization. The effect of temperature on both reaction rate and enzyme stability was studied in the presence of DMSO (0.2 volume ratio). A temperature of 25°C was selected for the reaction of bioconversion. With a substrate concentration of 4.5 mM a batch reactor showed that the enzyme preparation hydrolyzed para-nitrostyrene oxide with very high enantioselectivity. The (S) enantiomer of the epoxide remained in the reaction mixture and showed an enantiomeric excess higher than 99%. The substrate concentration could be increased to 20 mM without affecting the enantiomeric excess and degree of conversion. Therefore, the method is potentially useful for the preparative resolution of epoxides. Application are in the field of chiral synthons which are important building blocks in organic synthesis. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 56 (1997), S. 181-189 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: lipase ; immobilization ; polypropylene support ; Pseudomonas cepacia ; kinetic parameters ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purified lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia (PS, Amano) was immobilized on a commercially available microporous polypropylene support. The enzyme was rapidly and completely adsorbed on the support. Special attention was devoted to the demonstration of the lack of diffusional limitations, either internal or external, when a soluble substrate (p-nitrophenylacetate, pNPA) was used. The activity yield was high (100%) with pNPA and very low (0.4%) with p-nitrophenylpalmitate (pNPP). These values clearly showed that the immobilized enzyme was fully active as soon as activity was assayed on a soluble substrate rather than an insoluble one. With the latter one, the low activity was due mainly to a slow rate of substrate diffusion inside the porous support. The same diffusional phenomenon could explain the complete change of fatty acid specificity of the immobilized lipase. After immobilization, the lipase was mainly specific for short chain fatty acid esters, whereas the free enzyme was mainly specific for long chain esters. The activity-versus-temperature profiles were not greatly affected by immobilization with maximal reaction rates in the range 45° to 50°C for both enzyme preparations. However, immobilization increased enzyme stability mainly by decreasing the sensitivity to temperature of the inactivation reaction. Half-lives at 80°C were 11 and 4 min for the immobilized and free enzymes, respectively. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 56: 181-189, 1997.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1997-06-27
    Print ISSN: 0175-7598
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0614
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1987-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0175-7598
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0614
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1999-07-15
    Print ISSN: 0014-2956
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1033
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
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