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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autecological investigation on marine diatoms 3. Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii and Chaetoceros diadema (1982)
    Springer
    Marine biology 68 (1982), S. 343-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The temperature range for the best competitive position by growth of Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii Cleve has been determined by comparing generation times. It ranges from-1.5° to 6°C. At these temperatures, especially at lower light intensities, it was one of the fastest growing species, whereas above 6°C many other species grew faster. High light intensities at increasing temperatures became damaging. A flowering of the cold oligo-eurytherm diatom T. nordenskioeldii occurs not only in the upper layers, but can also occur at greater depth simultaneously, because decreasing daylengths at 6°C had the least influence on its growth. Continuous light at 6°C had a positive influence on its growth. The start of the T. nordenskioeldii spring flowering under the Arctic Sea Ice is discussed in connection with the occurrence of enclosed marine diatoms in Polar Sea Ice. The influence of the winter temperature on the spring flowering of the North Sea, the southern border for flowerings of T. nordenskioeldii, is discussed. For Chaetoceros diadema (Ehrenberg) Gran the best competitive position by growth is reached at-1.5° to about 6°C. It has the best opportunity of reaching high cell numbers at the lowest temperatures of the range. The occurrence of the cold oligo-eurytherm diatom Ch. diadema in plankton samples at temperatures above 10°C need not be incorret, for the species did grow in cultures at 12° and 16°C. The wrong interpretation of the experimentally determined optimum temperature of e.g. T. nordenskioeldii caused a discrepancy between experimental results and field data that does not exist. The question is discussed whether ecologically it is relevant to talk about a temperature optimum. On account of the results of T. nordenskioeldii the question of the adaptation of diatom cultures for the start of the real experiments is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00409599
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of Tropospheric Noise Fluctuations at Centimetre Wavelengths (1966)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 212 (1966), S. 494-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] I have made an analysis of the Fresnel field of a paraboloid with offset feed and have calculated the beam overlap as a function of the distance from the antenna for several beam separations. The beam overlap is defined as the percentage of power flowing through the common area of the two beams at ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/212494a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outbursts of Cygnus X-3 observed at 1.3 and 3.3 mm wavelengths (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 324 (1986), S. 39-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Cyg X-3 is a binary object with a 4.8-h periodicity in both X-ray and infrared emission10. This periodicity may also be visible in low-level radio flares2, but was not observed in several outbursts at a level above 50 mJy (ref. 3). Following a suggestion by K. Johnston that a flare was imminent, we ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/324039a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Radio Investigation of NGC 1265 and NGC 1275 (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 205 (1965), S. 488-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Earlier low-frequency flux density measurements of NGC 1275 are obscured by the fact that another radio source, NGC 1265, is spaced only half a degree from NGC 1275, Lynds and Sobiesky2 took a mean value of the flux density ratio of NGC 1275 and NGC 1265, measured by Leslie and Elsmore3 at 178 MHz, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/205488a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autecological investigations on marine diatoms. 5:Coscinodiscus concinnus W. Smith andRhizosolenia setigera Brightwell (1988)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 22 (1988), S. 147-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: Coscinodiscus concinnus ; Rhizosolenia setigera ; generation times ; competitive position ; morphological variations ; bloom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The cold oligo-eurytherm diatomsCoscinodiscus concinnus W. Smith andRhizosolenia setigera Brightwell were cultured to determine their best competitive position by growth. Comparison of their generation times with those of other diatoms indicate that they reach this position between 6°C and 12°C. Both species grew between −1.5°C and about 20°C. The experiments indicate thatC. concinnus flowerings are possible in a deep water column, during periods of high light intensities. The simultaneous death of species in the upper layer is also caused by high light intensities.C. concinnus appeared in two morphological forms; the normal voluminous form, and a flatter form with a few intercalary bands only, filled with large oil-droplets. The latter appeared at 0°C and below, and at the upper temperature limit for growth of about 19°C–20°C. The separation of nov. spec. fromC. concinnus based on the absence or presence of a hyaline area and intercalary bands as identification characteristics should be reconsidered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256818
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autecological investigations on marine diatoms. 4:Biddulphia aurita (Lyngb.) Brebisson et Godey—A succession of spring diatoms (1985)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 19 (1985), S. 109-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: Biddulphia aurita ; generation time ; competitive position ; succession ; spring diatom ; non-adherence behaviour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Comparison of generation times ofBiddulphia aurita (Lyngb.) Brebisson and Godey with other diatoms indicated that the species can reach its best competitive position by growth from −1.5°C to about 6°C. The diatom demonstrates its optimum temperature at about 12°C. Yet, flowerings will occur at the lower temperatures only. Its presence in the early spring plankton is facilitated by its non-adhrence behaviour, that proved to be temperature dependent. At 0°C almost no adherence occurred, whereas at high temperaturesB. aurita adhered completely to the bottom of the glas vessels or pipettes. The importance ofB. aurita in the benthic community is discussed. The mutual differences in growth ofB. aurita, Chaetoceros debilis andThalassiosira nordenskioeldii resulted in a succession comparable with that found in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270756
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autecological investigations on marine diatoms. I. Experimental results in biogeographical studies (1979)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 13 (1979), S. 123-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The upper and/or lower temperature limits for growth of 43 marine diatoms have been determined. According to the extent of the temperature tolerance range for growth and its position within the ecological relevant temperature range, the diatoms were divided in oligo-eurytherm (cold-, temperate-, warm-), meso-eurytherm (cold-, warm-) and eu-eurytherm species. The definition of the terms cosmopolites and circum-tropical could be enlarged, when the experimentai results and the distribution data from literature (19 distribution maps were combined. The results showed a significant relation between lower temperature limit for growth and both volume and cell size. In this way the lower temperature limit influences the size distribution of the phytoplankton in the oceans. Large diatoms are absent in cold water because of their high lower temperature limit for growth. The use of experimental results to reduce the number of sampling stations for determination of geographical distribution of diatoms, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02284748
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autecological investigations on marine diatoms 6:Rhizosolenia robusta Norman,Rhizosolenia imbricata Brightwell andRhizosolenia shrubsolei Cleve (1988)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 22 (1988), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: Rhizosolenia robusta ; Rhizosolenia imbricata ; Rhizosolenia shrubsolei ; generation times ; competitive position ; indicator species ; species separation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The warm oligo-eurytherm diatomsRhizosolenia robusta Norman andRhizosolenia imbricata Brightwell were cultured to determine the temperature range for the best competitive position by growth. Comparison of their generation times with those of other diatoms indicate thatR. robusta reaches this position around 20 °C andR. imbricata above 25 °C. The temperature ranges for growth were 12 °C up to 28 °C forR. robusta and 12 °C to above 30 °C forR. imbricata. The use of both species as indicator species for warm water currents is discussed on account of their lower temperature limit. The cold oligo-eurytherm diatomRhizosolenia shrubsolei had a temperature range for growth of below −1.0 °C to 25 °C. Our experimental results demonstrate thatR. imbricata andR. shrubsolei can be considered separate species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256819
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autecological investigations on marine diatoms. 2. Generation times of 50 species (1981)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 15 (1981), S. 137-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary About 350 generation times and many observations of the growth of 50 marine diatoms are presented. Growth has been determined at temperatures from −1.5°C up to 30°C, at several light intensities and light-dark cycles. Generation times determined in one laboratory, have the advantage of the possibility of direct comparison, which is often difficult if literature data are used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255172
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  • 10
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    Autecological investigations on marine diatoms. 5:Coscinodiscus concinnus W. Smith andRhizosolenia setigera Brightwell (1988)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0165-1404
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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