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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 24 (1985), S. 1826-1830 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 672 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A key intermediate, S-(−)-3-benzoylthio-2-methylpropanoic acid (1) was made in high optical purity by the lipase-catalyzed stereoselective esterification of racemic 1 with methanol in an organic solvent system. Among various lipases evaluated, Amano P-30 lipase from Pseudomonas sp. efficiently catalyzed the esterification of 1 to yield R-(+) methyl ester and unreacted S-(−) 1. A reaction yield of 40 mol% and an optical purity of 97.2% were obtained for compound 1 at a substrate concentration of 0.1 m (22 mg/ml). Lipase P-30 was immobilized on Accurel polypropylene (PP) and the immobilized enzyme was reused (23 cycles) in the esterification reaction without loss of enzyme acitivity, productivity or optical purity. Among various solvents evaluated, toluene was found to be the most suitable organic solvent and methanol was the best alcohol for the esterification of racemic 1 by immobilized lipase. Substrate concentrations as high as 1.0 m were used in the esterification reaction. When the temperature was increased from 28° C to 60° C, the reaction time required for the esterification of 0.1 m substrate decreased from 16 h to 2 h. On increasing the methanol to substrate molar ratio from 1:1 to 4:1, the rate of esterification decreased. A lipase fermentation using Pseudomonas sp. ATCC 21 808 was developed. In the batch-fermentation process, 56 units/ml of extracellular lipase activity was obtained. A fed-batch process using soybean oil gave a significant increase in the lipase activity (126 units/ml). Crude lipase recovered from the filtrate by ethanol precipitation and immobilized on Accurel PP was also effective: S-(−) compound 1 was obtained in 35 mol% yield and 95% optical purity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 40 (1993), S. 241-245 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Several microbial cultures were screened for the ability to catalyse the reduction of N-(4-(1-oxo-2-chloroacetyl ethyl) phenyl methane sulfonamide (1). The chiral intermediate (+)N-(4-(1-hydroxy-2-chloroethyl) phenyl methane sulfonamide (2) was prepared by the stereoselective microbial reduction of the parent ketone 1. Compound 2 is a potential chiral intermediate for synthesis of 4-(2-isopropylamino-1-hydroxyethyl) phenyl methanesulfonanilide (d-sotalol), a beta-receptor antagonist. Microorganisms from the genera Rhodococcus, Nocardia, and Hansenula reduced 1 to 2. A reaction yield of 〉50% and optical purities of 〉90% were obtained. The best strain (H.polymorpha ATCC 26012) effectively reduced compound 1 to compound 2 in 95% reaction yield and 99% optical purity. Compound 2 (8.2 g) was isolated from a 3-1 preparative batch in 68% overall yield. Isolated compound 2 had a specific rotation of +20° (CH2Cl2, C-1), an optical purity of 99.5%, and a chemical purity of 97% as analyzed by gas chromatography and HPLC. The nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra of compound 2 prepared by bioreduction and a standard chemical sample of 2 were virtually identical. Cell extracts of H. polymorpha in the presence of glucose dehydrogenase, glucose and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) catalyzed the reduction of 1 to 2 with 98% reaction yield and resulted in an optical purity of 99.4%.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A key chiral intermediate lactol(3)[3aS (3aα,4α,7α,7aα)]-hexahydro-4,7-epoxy-isobenzofuran-1 (3H)-one was prepared for the total synthesis of a new thromboxane antagonist. The stereoselective hydrolysis of (exo,exo)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dimethanol, diacetate ester (1) to the corresponding chiral monoacetate ester (2) was carried out with lipases, among which Amano P-30 lipase from Pseudomonas sp. was most effective since it gave the desired enantiomer of monoacetate ester. A yield of 75 mol% and optical purity of 〉99% was obtained when the reaction was conducted in a biphasic system with 10% toluene at 5 g/l of the substrate. Lipase P-30 was immobilized on Accurel polypropylene (PP) and the immobilized enzyme was reused (five cycles) without loss of enzyme activity, productivity or optical purity. The reaction process was scaled-up to 80 1 (400 g substrate) and monoacetate (2) was isolated in 80 mol% yield with 99.3% optical purity as determined by chiral HPLC and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. A gas chromatography of 99.5% and specific rotation, [α]D of -7.6° was obtained. The chiral monoacetate ester (2) was oxidized to its corresponding aldehyde and subsequently hydrolyzed to give lactol (3).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: copB ; ColV2-K94 ; Plasmid ; Point mutation ; Allele
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have isolated a deletion mutation and a point mutation in the copB gene of the replication region Repl of the IncFI plasmid Co1V2-K94. Subsequently, this copB gene with and without point mutation was cloned and sequenced, and the point mutation was mapped in the coding region of copB with a change of one amino acid from arginine to serine. Furthermore, this copB mutant had an approximately 10-fold increase in copy number. The CopB-phenotype of Co1V2-K94 could be complemented in trans by the copB gene of coresident IncFII plasmids such as R1 and R538, but not R100, suggesting that ColV2-K94 and R1 or R538 contain the same copB allele.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Bacteriophage lambda ; IS2 ; Serum survival ; ColV2-K94
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Escherichia coli K12 cells carrying a cloned 1.4 kb HindIII fragment from plasmid ColV2-K94, showed increased survival in guinea pig serum. The recombinant plasmid also conferred group II surface exclusion, i.e. the cells were reduced in recipient ability towards the incoming plasmid R538drd in conjugation experiments. Southern blotting suggested homology with bacteriophage lambda DNA and to the insertion element IS2. Determination of the DNA sequence of the fragment demonstrated the presence of a truncated IS2 (165 bp), separated by 250 bp from a 900 bp stretch of homology with lambda DNA, beginning within the Rz gene and continuing in the rightward direction on the lambda map. A 97 amino acid open reading frame (ORF) adjacent to Rz and on the opposite strand, remained intact in iss, with several amino acid changes. The ORF in iss is preceded by sequences resembling prokaryotic ribosome binding sites and promoters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 49 (1992), S. 66-73 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Vitreous humor ; Growth regulation ; Cell proliferation ; DNA synthesis ; Mitosis ; Protein synthesis ; Ocular lens ; Epithelial cells ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Experiments were performed in our laboratory to study the effects of a mammalian 8 kD vitreous humor (VH) factor on the DNA synthesis and mitosis of the epithelial cells of organ cultured rabbit lens. The 8 kD polypeptide factor was purified from mature rabbit vitreous humor by liquid chromatography. Proliferative activities of the epithelial cells of organ cultured lenses were stimulated by 3% rabbit serum. The data from our experiments depicted that the 8 kD VH factor effectively inhibits DNA synthesis and mitosis by the epithelial cells of the organ cultured lens. Our experiments also showed that this 8 kD VH factor can maintain its growth inhibitory activity even when heated for 3 min at 95°C. The growth inhibitory effect of the 8 kD VH factor was dose dependent. Using iodinated vitreal proteins it was demonstrated that the VH proteins are able to enter or bind to lens epithelial cells. The growth inhibitory effect of the 8 kD VH factor was also tested on tissue cultured lens epithelial cells. These experiments showed that the 8 kD VH factor has no growth inhibitory effect on the tissue cultured lens epithelial cells. This experiment has been repeated many times using different concentrations of the factor. These observations suggest that the 8 kD VH factor may have receptors in the lens capsular material (extracellular matrix) and the factor-receptor binding is essential for the growth inhibitory effect.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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