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  • 1
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    On the origin of internal structure of word forms (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-04-25
    Description: This study shows that a corpus of proto-word forms shares four sequential sound patterns with words of modern languages and the first words of infants. Three of the patterns involve intrasyllabic consonant-vowel (CV) co-occurrence: labial (lip) consonants with central vowels, coronal (tongue front) consonants with front vowels, and dorsal (tongue back) consonants with back vowels. The fourth pattern is an intersyllabic preference for initiating words with a labial consonant-vowel-coronal consonant sequence (LC). The CV effects may be primarily biomechanically motivated. The LC effect may be self-organizational, with multivariate causality. The findings support the hypothesis that these four patterns were basic to the origin of words.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacNeilage, P F -- Davis, B L -- R01 HD 27733-07/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Apr 21;288(5465):527-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA. macneilage@psy.utexas.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10775113" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans ; Infant ; *Language Development ; Lip/physiology ; Mandible/physiology ; Movement ; *Phonetics ; *Speech ; Tongue/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of Isoprene from Turpentine Derivatives (1946)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 38 (1946), S. 53-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50433a028
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Examination of the solid phases in the system AgI–NaI–H2O (1972)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 5 (1972), S. 194-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: By means of several low temperature devices the solid hydrous phases of the AgI–NaI–H2O system have been extensively studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission Laue photography, and polarizing microscopy. The density, composition and unit-cell parameters have been determined for three distinct AgI–NaI hydrates for which the stability regions correspond to phases C, E, and F previously reported by Davis [J. Atmos. Sci. (1969), 26, 1042]. The cell assignments are based on determinations of axial ratios from the Laue photographs and interplanar spacing analyses utilizing the Hesse–Lipson technique, Cohen cell-parameter refinement and the de Wolff cell-reliability criteria. All phases are of the composition AgI–NaI–nH2O with phase C at 25 °C having n = 4, ρ = 3.0 g.cm−3 (measured and calculated) and indexing on the basis of a monoclinic cell with parameters a0 = 7.573, b0 = 9.454, c0 = 12.403 Å, and β = 92.43° with Z = 4. Phase F at −10 °C is also monoclinic with a0 = 5.757, b0 = 13.563 and c0 = 12.541 Å and β = 103.05° with Z = 4, and n = 4. Phase E appears to consist of two structures, very similar but differing in cell volume by 2.8%. We believe this to be due to varying water content, the n = 3 phase being metastable. The cell reliability factor is less than 10 for both cells and indexing is considered to be tentative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889872009197
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The true unit cell of ammonium hydrogen sulfate, (NH4)3H(SO4)2. Errata (1986)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 19 (1986), S. 274-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Recently discovered errors in sample preparation for the original study by Davis & Johnson [J. Appl. Cryst. (1984). 17, 331–333] have revealed that the reference intensity ratio data of Table 1 are incorrect. The reference intensity ratios for the three sets of reflections given in Table 1 have been remeasured and are as follows: 020 + 1{\bar 1}0 = 1.92; 021 + 002 = 1.16; and 1{\bar 3}0 = 0.88. The resulting average reference intensity ratio for the letovicite 111 reflection (the strongest of the pattern) is 1.15(5). Fortunately, the reference constant study was completed independently of the powder diffraction and Laue study and hence the cell constants, diffraction intensities and spacings presented in this paper are not affected by these errors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889886089434
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The true unit cell of ammonium hydrogen sulfate, (NH4)3H(SO4)2 (1984)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 17 (1984), S. 331-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A combination of X-ray powder diffraction and single-crystal Laue photography was used to determine the unit-cell parameters for letovicite. μr = 247.25. The unit cell is triclinic, P1 or P{\bar 1}, and has dimensions a0 = 5.87(1), b0 = 10.17(3), c0 = 8.27(1) Å, α = 101.1(4), β = 111.1(1), γ = 89.9(2)°, V = 450.7 Å3, Z = 2, Dx = 1.82 Mg m−3. The M(20) cell reliability is 23.8. Many weak powder spectra were observed, which preclude the possibility of monoclinic cell symmetry previously reported. Projection of the letovicite Laue data along [001] reveals the striking pseudo-hexagonal symmetry observed optically. The JCPDS Diffraction File No. for ammonium hydrogen sulfate is 35-1500.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889884011596
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative X-ray powder diffraction analysis applied to transmission diffraction (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 315-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Reference intensity ratios (RIR or ki) may be used with powder diffraction intensities obtained from convergent-beam transmission scattering once the intensities have been corrected for irradiated volume variations that are a function of the angle (ω) between the mean beam direction and the normal to the sample plane. For a given ω setting this volume does not vary with 2θ. The fundamental absorption relationship giving the beam attenuation as a function of sample mass absorption coefficient, sample specific mass and ω and 2θ angles has been derived. Attenuation of the beam through thin samples is nearly constant below 90° 2θ scattering angle, and hence quantitative analysis using RIR values can be performed in this region with little error by converting the integrated intensities to those equivalent to Bragg–Brentano scattering using the appropriate Lorentz factor. Ambient air particulate samples or those artificially prepared using aerosol suspension or liquid filtration and collected on membrane filters can be scanned in transmission while spinning at a moderate speed without particle loss or layer fragmentation in a horizontal goniometer. Mass absorption coefficient measurements may be made with such an instrument by two methods: (1) the sample can be positioned eccentrically for spinning direct-beam transmission measurements, or (2) by substrate diffraction using the θ–2θ Bragg–Brentano stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889890003879
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stabilities and cell parameters for phases of the AgI–NH4I–H2O system (1976)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 9 (1976), S. 98-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The density, composition, X-ray powder data, unit-cell parameters, and stability fields are reported for five phases of the AgI–NH4I–H2O chemical system. The determinations were made by X-ray powder diffraction but with some aid from polarizing optical microscopy. Provisional cell assignments are: phase An (4AgI.NH4I) is cubic, phase Bn (3AgI.NH4I.6H2O) monoclinic, phase Cn (AgI.2NH4I) orthorhombic, phase E〈inf/〉n (AgI.2NH4I.H2O) orthorhombic, and phase Fn (2AgI.NH4I.2H2O) monoclinic. Upon combustion of an acetone solution of silver iodide and ammonium iodide, phase An forms and, when injected into the atmosphere, transforms to phases Fn or Bn as determined by the available moisture and temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889876010698
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  • 8
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    ICE VII, THE DENSEST FORM OF ICE (1964)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1964-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    C-H bond activation through steric crowding of normally inert ligands in the sterically crowded gadolinium and yttrium (C5Me5)3M complexes (2006)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-08-14
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    RAPIDLY RUNNING TRANSITIONS AT HIGH PRESSURE (1962)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1962-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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