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  • 1
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    The science case for an orbital mission to Uranus: Exploring the origins and evolution of ice giant planets (2014)
    In:  Planetary and Space Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    Magnetospheric Studies: A requirement for addressing interdisciplinary mysteries in the Ice Giant systems [White Paper] (2021)
    In:  Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-19
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    The in-situ exploration of Jupiter’s radiation belts (2022)
    In:  Experimental Astronomy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-22
    Description: Jupiter has the most complex and energetic radiation belts in our Solar System and one of the most challenging space environments to measure and characterize in-depth. Their hazardous environment is also a reason why so many spacecraft avoid flying directly through their most intense regions, thus explaining how Jupiter’s radiation belts have kept many of their secrets so well hidden, despite having been studied for decades. In this paper we argue why these secrets are worth unveiling. Jupiter’s radiation belts and the vast magnetosphere that encloses them constitute an unprecedented physical laboratory, suitable for interdisciplinary and novel scientific investigations: from studying fundamental high energy plasma physics processes which operate throughout the Universe, such as adiabatic charged particle acceleration and nonlinear wave-particle interactions, to exploiting the astrobiological consequences of energetic particle radiation. The in-situ exploration of the uninviting environment of Jupiter’s radiation belts presents us with many challenges in mission design, science planning, instrumentation, and technology. We address these challenges by reviewing the different options that exist for direct and indirect observations of this unique system. We stress the need for new instruments, the value of synergistic Earth and Jupiter-based remote sensing and in-situ investigations, and the vital importance of multi-spacecraft in-situ measurements. While simultaneous, multi-point in-situ observations have long become the standard for exploring electromagnetic interactions in the inner Solar System, they have never taken place at Jupiter or any strongly magnetized planet besides Earth. We conclude that a dedicated multi-spacecraft mission to Jupiter is an essential and obvious way forward for exploring the planet’s radiation belts. Besides guaranteeing numerous discoveries and huge leaps in our understanding of radiation belt systems, such a mission would also enable us to view Jupiter, its extended magnetosphere, moons, and rings under new light, with great benefits for space, planetary, and astrophysical sciences. For all these reasons, in-situ investigations of Jupiter’s radiation belts deserve to be given a high priority in the future exploration of our Solar System. This article is based on a White Paper submitted in response to the European Space Agency’s call for science themes for its Voyage 2050 programme.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    UV laser ablation optical emission spectrometry on aluminum alloys in air at atmospheric pressure
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 49 (1994), S. 1363-1372 
    Details
    ISSN: 0584-8547
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0584-8547(94)80115-0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tethys and Dione as sources of outward-flowing plasma in Saturn’s magnetosphere (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 447 (2007), S. 833-835 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Rotating at over twice the angular speed of Earth, Saturn imposes a rapid spin on its magnetosphere. As a result, cold, dense plasma is believed to be flung outward from the inner magnetosphere by centrifugal force and replaced by hotter, more tenuous plasma from the outer magnetosphere. The ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05906
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual discharge patterns of single fibers in the pigeon's auditory nerve (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 163 (1988), S. 99-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Extracellular recording from single auditory nerve fibers in the pigeon,Columba livia, revealed some unusual discharge patterns of spontaneous and evoked activity. Time interval histograms (TIHs) of spontaneous activity showed a random interval distribution in 73% of the auditory fibers (Fig. 1a). The remaining 27% revealed periodicity in the TIHs (Fig. 1b–e), determined by the characteristic frequency (CF) of a given fiber. Normally, those fibers had a CF〈2.2 kHz. In both cases spontaneous activity was irregular. The time pattern of quasiperiodic spontaneous firing in different auditory fibers is described by three main types of autocorrelation histograms (ACHs; decaying, nondecaying, and modulated), reflecting the spontaneous oscillations of the hair cell membrane potential (Fig. 1b–d). Single-tone suppression in auditory fibers with quasi-periodic spontaneous activity was found (Figs. 2, 10) and it could be observed if the eighth nerve was cut. There was no suppressive effect in fibres with random spontaneous firing. The frequency selectivity properties of auditory fibers were studied by means of an automatic method. Both ‘simple’ (Fig. 4) and ‘complex’ (Figs. 7, 8) response maps were found. Apart from the usual excitatory area, complex response maps were characterized by suppressive areas lying either above (Fig. 7), below (Fig. 8e), or on both sides of the CF (Fig. 8a–c). Generally, complex response maps were observed for fibers showing quasiperiodic spontaneous activity (Figs. 7, 8). Input-output functions at frequencies evoking single-tone suppression were nonmonotonic, while they were always monotonic at frequencies near the CF (Fig. 12). No difference in sharpness was observed between normal frequency threshold curves (FTCs) and exitatory areas of ‘complex’ response maps (Fig. 9). ‘On-off’ responses evoked by suppressive stimuli were found (Figs. 2, 3). They had a periodic pattern determined by the CF and did not depend on the stimulus frequency (Fig. 3). Low-CF fibers were observed which changed their time discharge structure to tone levels about 45 dB lower than their thresholds at the CF (Fig. 6). The observed features of the discharge patterns of the pigeon's auditory fibers reflect the distinctive nature of the fundamental mechanisms of auditory analysis in birds that are connected with electrical tuning of the hair cells and probably with the micromechanics of the bird's cochlea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612001
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conversion of Lactococcus lactis from homolactic to homoalanine fermentation through metabolic engineering (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 17 (1999), S. 588-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] We report the engineering of Lactococcus lactis to produce the amino acid l-alanine. The primary end product of sugar metabolism in wild-type L. lactis is lactate (homolactic fermentation). The terminal enzymatic reaction (pyruvate + NADH→l-lactate + NAD+) is performed by l-lactate ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/9902
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of DNA from the Highly Mucilagenous Succulent Plant shape Sedum telephium (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 16 (1998), S. 133-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism) plant ; CTAB (cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide) DNA ; polysaccharide ; Sedum telephium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The C3-CAM intermediate plant Sedum telephium is very rich in mucilages (gelling polysaccharides) which present a major obstacle to the isolation of DNA. We have developed an extraction procedure that involves a step-wise increase in the concentration of CTAB (cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide) finally yielding a nucleic acid precipitate that is free from polysaccharides. DNA may be further purified by differential precipitation with LiCl and/or RNase digestion. The DNA has excellent spectral qualities, is readily accessible to restriction endonucleases and is usable as a PCR template.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007473302551
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fliegenpilzfarbstoffe, VIII1) Die Konstitution der Musca-aurine (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1982 (1982), S. 254-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Colouring Matters from Fly Agaric, VIII1). - Constitution of the Musca-aurinsThe musca-aurins are betalain-type pigments 2. Hydrolysis yields betalamic acid (4a) together with one of the following amino acids: ibotenic acid (3a), stizolobic acid (3b), Glu, α-amino adipic acid (3e), Asp, Glu(NH2), Asp(NH2), Leu, Val, Pro, and His. Partial synthesis is used to confirm these results.
    Notes: Alle Musca-aurine sind Betalainfarbstoffe 2, denn ihre Hydrolyse liefert Betalaminsäure (4a) und eine der folgenden Aminosäuren: Ibotensäure (3a), Stizolobsäure (3b), Glu, α-Aminoadipinsäure (3e), Asp, Glu(NH2), Asp(NH2), Leu, Val, Pro und His. Partialsynthesen bestätigen die Ergebnisse der Konstitutionsermittlung.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.198219820209
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  • 10
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    First Solar Orbiter observation of the Alfvénic slow wind and identification of its solar source (2021)
    EDP Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-24
    Description: Context. Turbulence dominated by large amplitude nonlinear Alfvén-like fluctuations mainly propagating away from the Sun is ubiquitous in high speed solar wind streams. Recent studies have shown that also slow wind streams may show strong Alfvénic signatures, especially in the inner heliosphere. Aims. The present study focuses on the characterization of an Alfvénic slow solar wind interval observed by Solar Orbiter on July 14-18, 2020 at a heliocentric distance of 0.64 AU. Methods. Our analysis is based on plasma moments and magnetic field measurements from SWA and MAG instruments, respectively. We compare the behavior of di erent parameters to characterize the stream in terms of the Alfvénic content and magnetic properties. We perform also a spectral analysis to highlight spectral features and waves signature using power spectral density and magnetic helicity spectrograms, respectively. Moreover, we reconstruct the Solar Orbiter magnetic connectivity to the solar sources via both a ballistic and a Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) model. Results. The Alfvénic slow wind stream described in this paper resembles in many respects a fast wind stream. Indeed, at large scales, the timeseries of the speed profile shows a compression region, a main portion of the stream and a rarefaction region, characterized by di erent features. Moreover, before the rarefaction region, we pinpoint several structures at di erent scales recalling the spaghetti-like flux-tube texture of the interplanetary magnetic field. Finally, we identify the connections between Solar Orbiter in situ measurements, tracing them down to coronal streamer and pseudostreamer configurations. Conclusions. The characterization of the Alfvénic slow wind stream observed by Solar Orbiter and the identification of its solar source are extremely important aspects to understand possible future observations of the same solar wind regime, especially as solar activity is increasing toward a maximum, where a higher incidence of this solar wind regime is expected.
    Description: Published
    Description: A21
    Description: 2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosfera
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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