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  • 1
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    A new innovated and cheep model in building artificial reefs. (2006)
    Alexandria : National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This journal is published by NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Description: A novel and cheep approach for building artificial reefs was designed in such a way that sediments in an area of high sedimentation rate will be utilized in building the artificial substrate with no further sediment accumulation afterwards. The model consists of several steel cylinders which are soldered together in such a way to form a reef flat, a gentle slope and a steep slope, with two layers of narrow opening meshes (a lower plastic and an upper metallic one). Within a short periode (3 months), a substrate layer of a total of ~ 1 cm was formed between the two meshes, this layer increased to ~2 cm after 9 months. Transplants of the three species Stylophora pistillata, Echinopora gemmacea and Montipora spongiosa grow better when the attaching surface is oriented with a narrower angle than 90o with the vertical axis, while Acropora granulosa grows better on the reef flat and steep slope (narrower angle than that of the gentle slope).
    Description: NIOF
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Coral reefs ; Artificial coral reefs ; Transplantation ; Substrata ; Models ; Sedimentation ; Sediment transport ; Artificial reefs
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 2
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    Status of coral reef affected by different impacts in some sites of the red sea (2007)
    National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Using Using SCUBA diving, surveying the coral reef communities at four sites, Red Sea Egypt was done. These sites are: Ras El Behar (polluted by petroleum oil), El-Hamraween (impacted by phosphate shipping), Shabrour Umm Gam’ar (harmed by recreational activities and has been suffering from the outbreak of Acanthaster planci during 1998) and Kalawy (a control site). The skeletal growth of the coral Stylophora pistillata was promoted greatly at the expense of other corals, in presence of chronic oil pollution (Ras El-Behar). In contrast, this species was completely suppressed in presence of phosphate and sulphur enrichment. Petroleum oil led to coral scarcity, space monopolization by one coral and increased sea urchins and algae. Coral reefs enriched with phosphate in the field, surprisingly was accompanied by extraordinary well flourishing corals. El-Hamraween was the only site having as higher number and abundance of Acropora as the control site. The abundance of Porites and Pocillopora was higher than the control site. Shabrour Umm Gam’ar, the site suffering from Acanthaster planci outbreak during 1998, was characterized by soft corals which were more abundant than stony corals, indicating that soft corals have higher rate of growth and recovery than stony corals after Acanthaster planci attack. Hydrocorals were abundant in the control site (kalawy).
    Description: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
    Description: The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research is abstracted in both of Zoological Record and Chemical Abstract since Volume 31(1), 2005. The Chief Editor: Prof. Fatma Aly Abd El-Razek E-mail: fatma_abdelrazek@hotmail.com
    Description: Published
    Description: Human activities, Acanthaster planci
    Keywords: Field Study ; Coral reefs ; Hydrocarbons ; Phosphates ; Coral reefs ; Hydrocarbons ; Phosphates
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 3
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    Effect of physico-chemical factors and human impacts on coral distribution at Tobia Kebir and Sharm el Loly, Red Sea, Egypt (2007)
    National Institute of Oceanograhy and Fisheries (NIOF)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Using SCUBA equipment and the line intercept transect (LIT), the effect of physical factors and human impacts on coral distribution were studied in two Red Sea sites (Sharm El Loly and Tobia Kebir) throughout the period from September, 2003 to October, 2004. The percentage cover of coral species in Northern Sharm El Loly was higher than in Tobia Kebir which might be attributed to optimum temperature and better light intensity. Diving, swimming, boat anchoring and fish feeding by divers are the main human impacts decreasing the percentage cover of corals at Tobia Kebir but fishing seems to have no role due to its limited level. The lower recorded amount of dead corals at Sharm El Loly though it is highly affected by fishing boats, is due to the fact that these boats anchor on the Sharm terminal, away from the reef and go to open water through the middle of the Sharm. Massive corals, especially Porites sp., were more abundant than branching corals in Tobia Kebir as they can tolerate turbidity and less susciptible to breakage caused by trampling, diving and swimming. However, the hydrocoral Millepora dichotoma was most dominant in Sharm El Loly as it prefers high illumination. A total of eleven species of corals were recorded in Tobia Kebir, compared to thirty-five species in Sharm El Loly. Besides, the diversity values were lower at Tobia Kebir than at Sharm El Loly, especially on the reef flat and 1-5 m depth zone, due to the higher sedimentation rate in the former site.
    Description: فى هذا البحث تم باستخدام معدات اسكوبا للغطس و طريقة الخط الطولى ، دراسة تأثير كل من العوامل الفيزوكيميائية و الأنشطة البشرية على توزيع المراجين فى موقعين بالبحر الأحمر بمصر (شرم اللولى و توبيا كبير) خلال الفترة من سبتمبر 2003 إلى أكتوبر 2004. و قد ارتبطت نسبة الغطاء الأكبر للمراجين فى شرم اللولى عنها فى توبيا كبير بتوافر درجات الحرارة الأكثر ملاءمة و شدة الإضاءة الأعلى فى الموقع الأول. و قد تبين أن أنشطة الغطس و السباحة و مراسى المراكب و تغذية أسماك الشعاب بواسطة الغواصين هى الأنشطة البشرية الرئيسية التى تقلل نسبة الغطاء المرجانى فى توبيا كبير ، و لكن الصيد ليس له دور لانخفاض مستوى الصيد. و يعزى نقص كمية المراجين الميتة فى شرم الولى رغم احتوائها على مراكب الصيد إلى أن هذه المراكب ترسو فى نهاية الشرم بعيدا عن الشعاب كما أنها تذهب إلى المياه المفتوحة بالإبحار فى منتصف الشرم بعيدا عن الشعاب أيضا. و كانت المراجين الكتلية و خصوصا النوع بورايتس أكثر من المراجين المتفرعة فى توبيا كبير لأنها تستطيع تحمل درجة العكارة العالية كما أنها أقل حساسية للتحطم الناتج من المشى فوق الشعاب و الغطس و السباحة. كذلك كان المرجان الهيدرى ميلليبورا دايكوتوما هو الأكثر سيادة فى شرم اللولى لأنه يفضل الإضاءة العالية. و تم رصد 11 نوع من المراجين فى توبيا كبير مقارنة ب 35 نوع فى شرم اللولى ، كذلك كانت نسبة التنوع البيولوجى فى توبيا كبير أقل منها فى شرم اللولى و خصوصا فى منطقة السهل المرجانى و منطقة العمق 1-5 متر لارتفاع نسبة الترسيبات الرملية فى الموقع الأول.
    Description: The Chief Editor: Prof. Fatma Aly Abd El-Razek E-mail: fatma_abdelrazek@hotmail.com
    Description: Published
    Description: Physico-chemical factors
    Keywords: Chemical and Pollution Studies- Monitoring ; Coral reefs ; Distribution ; Sedimentation ; Coral reefs ; Sedimentation ; Distribution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 4
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    Cell culture from two red sea benthic invertebrates: a case study on the soft octocorals dendronephthya klunzingeri and anthelia glauca (2008)
    National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Primmorphs were obtained from single cells of both coral species Dendronephthya klunzingeri and Anthelia glauca following incubation for three or four days during 2001. Both ultraviolet light (UVB; peak of emission of 320 nm) and visible light (wavelength between 400 and 520 nm with a maximum at 480 nm) were applied to the primmorphs as stressors. The following incubation probes have been isolated from D. klunzingeri and were used to monitor the expression of the respective genes in the homologous cell system; the heat-shock protein HSP90 (to monitor general stress responses), the histone H4cDNA (to monitor the cell cycle/proliferation) and the UVS-related protein (response to ultraviolet light) from D. klunzingeri. The data show that the steady state level of HSP90 expression is only upregulated at low level of exposure to UVB (30 J/cm2), while at stronger irradiation the expression level decreases. The expression of the histone H4 gene is blocked following exposure to UVS. Interestingly, in the absence of UVB no transcripts of UVS-related protein can be visualized. However, after exposure of the primmorphs with 30 to 300 J/cm2 a strong upregulation of the expression of the UVS-related gene is seen. The response of the primmorphs to visible light is distinct to that following exposure to UVB. The expression of the gene for histone H4 is significantly upregulated following exposure to UVB, while no expression of the gene UVS-related protein can be detected. It is concluded that, the primmorph system is useful to assess potential nature and anthropogenic disturbances on coral cells.
    Description: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
    Description: The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research is abstracted in both of Zoological Record and Chemical Abstract since Volume 31(1), 2005. The Chief Editor: Prof. Fatma Aly Abd El-Razek E-mail: fatma_abdelrazek@hotmail.com
    Description: Published
    Description: Dendronephthya klunzingeri, Anthelia glauca, Octocoral; Cell cultures; heat-shock protein; histone H4; UVS-related protein
    Keywords: Biology Study ; Proteins ; Biomarkers ; Proteins
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 5
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    Recovery probabilities of coral reef communities after Acanthaster planci infestation: a case study at Shabror umm gam'ar, Hurghada, Red Sea, Egypt. (2006)
    Alexandria : National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This journal is published by NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Description: Recovery patterns of coral reef benthic communities were estimated by linear extrapolation after Acanthaster planci outbreak of 1998 at Shabror Umm Gam'ar, Hurghada of the Egyptian Red Sea. The significance of using linear extrapolation was tested in a range of ten sites by comparison with the actual average yearly recovery rates. A total of 15 permanent transects, each is 10m long, were monitored at 10m and 12m depths in both Shabror Umm Gam’ar and the ten selected sites. The recovery rate estimated by linear extrapolation did not significantly differ from the recovery rate of stony corals in the ten selected sites. Moreover, an error of +7.69% to +17.5% increase in the extrapolated recovery rate exists and should be considered while handling the extrapolated recovery patterns of coral reef benthic communities. Stony corals were characterized by having an extrapolated slow recovery time of 64.9 years in spite of the fast recovery rate (0.67 % over/year) and this is virtually due to the large cover required for restoration as a result of the large devastation by Acanthaster planci. In contrast, soft corals were characterized by having both fast recovery time (RT) and recovery rate (RR) as they are not preferred preys by the COTs. The correlation coefficient is negative between recovery time (RT) and recovery rate (RR), strong between RT and cover required for complete recovery CR, and weak between CR and RR. Diversity had an estimated fast recovery time (RT) of 4.3 years indicating that, the space cleared by Acanthaster planci improves the diversity faster than improving the percent cover.
    Description: NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Coral reefs ; Acanthaster planci ; Outbreak ; Recovery ; Hurghada ; Red Sea ; Benthic environment ; Benthic environment ; Coral reefs
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
    Format: 272661 bytes
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  • 6
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    Coral Reef Rehabilitation – Technical Options and necessary Political and Socio-economic Frame: Experiences from Jordan, Egypt and Kenya. (2015)
    European Union | Brussels, Belgium
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: 24 recruits of Stylophora pistillata and Acropora humilis (12 each) were transplanted to a cathode mesh of a DC electrolytic system (ARCON® technology) in the Middle Reef off Hurghada, Egypt, Red Sea. Fed by solar energy the coral nubbins were embedded into the ARCON® substrate during the precipitation phases. The recruits were distributed across one half of the cathode (0.6 m2) surface with a mean distance of 9.35 cm to each other. After 5 month the precipitated substrate showed a maximum thickness of 18 mm with maximum crush strength of 256.0 kg/cm2. Transparent cuts of the phase limits between the artificial substrate and the coral skeleton showed a direct connection between the molecular lattice of the electro-chemical produced substrate and the molecular lattice of the coral skeleton. The highest mortality was found for the recruits of A.humilis (75.0%). The growth rate of A.humilis was measured with 3.2 mm/month. The number of new buds on the surviving recruits of A.humilis was counted with a mean of 3,4 buds per recruit within the investigation period of 8 month. The highest number of buds per A.humilis recruit was counted with 6. In contrast the recruits of S.pistillata survived to 83.4 % with a growth rate of 3.6 mm/month. The productivity of the S.pistillata recruits during the investigation period was considerably high: a mean of 14.2 new buds per recruit was counted for the S.pistillata nubbins. The highest number of buds per recruit was counted with 27. After 8 months the tissue of transplanted S.pistillata nubbins did not contain any heat shock protein (HSP 90 / HSP 70). In contrast HSP 90 was found in the tissue of S.pistillata colonies from reef areas in close vicinity of the ARCON® unit. The results are discussed for the suitability and applicability of the ARCON® technology within the frame of coral reef rehabilitation.
    Description: In: Wittmer, H. & Z. Hassan (eds.), 2001. ACP-EU Fish eries Research Initiative. Proceedings of the INCO-DEV International Workshop on Policy Options for the Sustainable Use of Coral Reefs and Associated Ecosystems. Mombasa, Kenya, 19-22 June 2000. Brussels, ACP-EU Fish.Res.Rep., (10):239 p.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Coral reefs ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Transplantation ; Stylophora pistillata ; Acropora humilis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report Section , Not Known
    Format: pp.68-83
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  • 7
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    Molecular studies on the effect of germanium oxide on sponges, corals and ascidians (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19050 | 12051 | 2015-12-11 12:04:24 | 19050 | University of Karachi. Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: The stress response, at the molecular level, of the soft corals Dendronephthya klunzingeri and Heteroxenia sp., hard corals Acropora hyacinthus and A. valenciennesi, an ascidian Symplegma sp. and sponges Latruncula cortica and Callyspongia crassa to germanium oxide (GeO sub(2)) was evaluated. Evaluation was carried out using bioindicators. such as the level of expression of each of the heat shock proteins (HSPs) and the silicatein enzyme in response to the compound. However, the expression was measured by SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and western blotting. The harmful concentration of GeO sub(2) that produced noticeable molecular changes in the studied samples during the first 6-24 hours was 6 μg/ml. The two studied soft corals as well as the ascidian responded to the harmful concentration of germanium oxide by expressing the heat-shock protein 90 (hsp90), while the two hard corals responded by expressing hsp70, C. crassa by decreasing the level of silicatein enzyme and sponge L. cortica produced no change by any of the used biomarkers, The soft coral Heteroxenia sp. was found to be sensitive to mechanical stress during the experiment and it was more sensitive to 6 μg/ml of GeO sub(2) than the other soft coral D. klunzingeri. The two studied hard corals were sensitive to mechanical stress during the experiment, but A. hyacinth us showed higher sensitivity than A. valenciennesi. However, these 2 corals displayed reverse response to GeO sub(2). Primitive evidences were found in the SDS PAGE to distinguish the tissue of the soft coral from that of the hard coral on the molecular level; the soft coral showed two prominent protein bands (45 and 50 kDa) while the two prominent protein bands for hard corals were 31 and 116 kDa.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Pollution ; Germanium oxide ; sponges ; corals ; ascidians
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 185-192
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