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  • 1
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Plasmid genotypes of root nodulating rhizobial isolates of Sesbania, sampled from six ecologically distinct habitats, were characterized. Plasmid profile analysis revealed nine different plasmid types having molecular masses ranging from 30 to 300 MDa, distributed among six profile types that grouped the isolates into six plasmid classes. The six plasmid profiles were diverged from each other and lack many common plasmid types among them. Variation in number and types of symbiotic (Sym) plasmid was assessed by hybridization of plasmid profiles with sym gene probes. Relatedness among different plasmid types was assessed by hybridization of total DNAs as well as plasmid profiles of different isolates with labelled intact plasmid. Plasticity of plasmid genotype and possible recombination between different plasmid types is suggested from the results obtained. Structural diversity among sym plasmids was assessed by PCR amplified product profiles using primer corresponding to the reiterated nif promoter consensus element (NPC-PCR). A total of 26 NPC-PCR profile types were recognized. Genetic diversity among sym plasmids of isolates belonging to the same plasmid class and having similar sym plasmid suggested recombinations and rearrangements of sequences within the sym plasmids. Cluster analysis based upon similarity among profile types sorted the isolates across the ecological gradient. We suggest that habitat heterogeneity and plasticity of plasmid genotype together contribute for the generation of genetic diversity leading to strainal differentiation in rhizobia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosoma 86 (1982), S. 325-339 
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The functional status of the X chromosome in Acheta domesticus has been analysed at the whole chromosome level on the basis of (1) 3H-thymidine autoradiography, (2) 5-BrdU/AO fluorescence microscopy, (3) in vivo 5-BrdU incorporation and (4) 3H-UdR induced aberrations. The rationale of these techniques in relation to the functional aspect of the X chromosome is that the inactive X chromosome would (1) show asynchrony in DNA synthesis, (2) show differential fluorescence, (3) respond differentially to in vivo 5-BrdU treatment and (4) the active X chromosome would show aberrations when treated with 3H-Uridine. From the results, it appears that the X chromosomes in both male (XO) and female (XX) somatic cells of Acheta are euchromatic (active). Further, the single X in the male is transcriptionally as active as the two X chromosomes in the female. In other words, the single X in the male is hyperactive when compared with the single X in the female. From this it is inferred that the male X chromosome is differentially regulated in order to bring about an equalization of it's gene product(S) to that produced by both Xs in the female. Drosophila melanogaster has a comparable system of dosage compensation. Thus, Acheta is yet another insect showing evidence for an X chromosome regulatory mechanism of dosage compensation. Additionally, it is surmised that sex determination in Acheta is based on an autosomes/X chromosome balance mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosoma 86 (1982), S. 571-576 
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The transcriptional status of the negatively heteropycnotic spermatogonial X chromosome of Acheta was analysed on the basis of both its replication pattern and its response to 3H-UdR induced aberrations. On the basis of the latter criterion the negatively heteropycnotic spermatogonial X chromosome of Acheta has been judged to be transcriptionally inactive. This contrasts with the situation observed in somatic cells. It also contrasts with the behaviour of the X chromosome in spermatogonia of other Orthopterans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosoma 93 (1986), S. 502-510 
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Simple repeated GATA and GACA sequences which were originally isolated from sex-specific snake satellite DNA have been found subsequently in all eukaryotes studied. The organization of these sequences within the mouse genome was investigated here by using synthetic oligonucleotide probes as a novel tool in comparison with conventional hybridization probes. Southern blot hybridization showed sex-specific patterns with both the (GATA)4 and (GACA)4 oligonucleotide probes, as previously described with conventional probes. The quantitative analysis of two mouse DNA phage libraries and of 25 isolated GATA-positive phage clones revealed intensive interspersion of GATA sequences with GACA, and with other repetitive and single-copy sequences. Ubiquitous interspersion and homogeneous genomic distribution of GATA and GACA sequences were confirmed by hybridization in situ of the oligonucleotide probes to metaphase chromosomes. The lengths of the GATA and GACA stretches were found to vary considerably in the individual phage clones. DNA inserts from 20 phages were assigned to autosomes and sex chromosomes and three genomic fragments were found to be confined to the Y chromosome. The organization of GATA and GACA sequences is discussed in the context of their evolutionary potential and possible conservation mechanisms.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ellobius lutescens carries an apparently identical karyotype (2n = 17) in both sexes. On the basis of indirect evidence the unpaired chromosome 9 has been considered to represent the X chromosome of this species. We have obtained data to substantiate this view by four different techniques. After fusion of HPRT− RAG cells with E. lutescens fibroblasts we demonstrated that the enzymes HPRT and G6PD are localized on the presumptive X chromosome. By analysis of pachytene figures after silver staining we showed by electron microscopy that the single chromosome exhibits the typical features of an X chromosome in male meiosis. Hybridization of (GATA)4 and (GACA)4 oligonucleotide probes to E. lutescens DNA revealed several distinct bands in the high molecular weight range some of which appeared to be specific for the individual but not for the sex of the animal. Hybridization in situ of the (GATA)4 probe on metaphase spreads of E. lutescens did not highlight any particular chromosome segment but showed a significant deficit of these sequences in chromosome 9. These observations are discussed with respect to their bearing on X chromosome determination. Finally it is concluded that E. lutescens should be an ideal tool for testing candidate genes assumed to be involved in primary sex determination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: The Internet of Things (IoT) is a world of connected networks and modern technology devices, among them vehicular networks considered more challenging due to high speed and network dynamics. Future trends in IoT allow these inter networks to share information. Also, the previous security solutions to vehicular IoT (VIoT) much emphasize on privacy protection and security related issues using public keys infrastructure. However, the primary concern about efficient trust assessment, authorized users malfunctioning, and secure information dissemination in vehicular wireless networks have not been explored. To cope with these challenges, we propose a trust enhanced on-demand routing (TER) scheme, which adopts TrustWalker (TW) algorithm for efficient trust assessment and route search technique in VIoT. TER comprised of novel three-valued subjective logic (3VSL), TW algorithm, and ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol. The simulated results validate the accuracy of the proposed scheme in term of throughput, packet drop ratio (PDR), and end to end (E2E) delay. In the simulation, the execution time of the TW algorithm is analyzed and compared with another route search algorithm, i.e., Assess-Trust (AT), by considering real-world online datasets such as Pretty Good Privacy and Advogato. The accuracy and efficiency of the TW algorithm, even with a large number of vehicle users, are also demonstrated through simulations.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2007-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0378-1119
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-0038
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2007-02-17
    Print ISSN: 0340-6717
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1203
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Far-reaching changes in the domestic and global markets are crafting big avenues for farmers and agribusiness entrepreneurs. This study examines the agriculture entrepreneurship and farmers’ performance in the context of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). A survey was conducted to collect primary data from three agricultural zones adjacent to the under-construction CPEC in Pakistan. According to the results, market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, innovation orientation, and opportunity recognition positively influence agriculture entrepreneurship thereby facilitating timely distribution of food commodities in ensuring food security. Our findings also indicate that uptake of entrepreneurship complements farmers’ marketing, operational and economic performance. These findings do imply that improving farmers’ entrepreneurial skills is the essential element for their improved performance in terms of locating potential markets and timely delivery of primary commodities, such as food items. It suggests that farmers might seek enormous economic opportunities arising from improved infrastructure, output linkages, connectivity and access to global markets through the CPEC. Based on the findings, the study provides implications for policymakers to channelize the potential endeavors for facilitating the farmers’ access to new markets and getting the foremost advantage of Belt and Road Initiative. The study also extends the existing literature on agriculture entrepreneurship-opportunity recognition and access to new markets in a befitting manner.
    Electronic ISSN: 2071-1050
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-25
    Print ISSN: 0163-3864
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-6025
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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