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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Problem of Regionalization in the Study of Magnitude-intensity Correspondences in the Mediterranean Area: A Distribution-free Approach (1999)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 156 (1999), S. 651-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key Words: Magnitude-intensity relationships, distribution-free statistics, regionalization, Mediterranean, seismicity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —A distribution-free statistical approach is proposed for tackling the problem of regionalization devoted to the study of magnitude-intensity relationships in the Mediterranean area. The training-set constitutes a compilation of more than 2000 earthquakes which occurred in the Mediterranean region since the end of the nineteenth century, when instrumental data became available, with epicentral or maximum intensity ≥ VI and MS magnitude values. Firstly an empirical magnitude-intensity correspondence has been computed for each intensity class by using the entire data set in the assumption of homogeneity at the regional scale. Residuals of such relation have been analyzed by a distribution-free statistical approach in order to evaluate the opportunity of a regionalization able to locally improve the performances of magnitude-intensity relationships. The analysis indicates that data concerning larger earthquakes (intensity ≥ VII) do not suggest the opportunity of zonation, and that unbiased estimates of macroseismic magnitude can also be obtained in the assumption that magnitude-intensity correspondences are uniform over the entire Mediterranean area. Therefore, better constrained relations determined for the entire Mediterranean region should be preferred to ill-defined local ones. As concerns smaller events (intensity VI), the procedure suggests that medium/small-scale lateral variations (on a wavelength lower than 102 km) should be taken into account if an efficient estimate of magnitudes from maximum observed intensity is pursued, but that data presently available are not sufficient to suggest any reliable zonation of the area under study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050317
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The microseismic network of the Ridracoli Dam, North Italy: Data and interpretations (1995)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 145 (1995), S. 97-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Microseismic ; reservoir-induced seismicity ; nonparametric correlation analysis ; b values
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Ridracoli Dam has been operating since 1981. Around the reservoir ISMES installed and operated for 10 years a seismic network, now reduced to a 3-D station. Earthquakes were recorded with completeness from magnitude 0.8 onwards. In the same period, all the parameters relevant to the dam and the environment were measured. This provided a complete data base for RIS studies, unique in its kind in Italy. The main findings of the analyses performed are the following: 1) The filling of the reservoir has not influenced the seismicity of the area for most significant events (M L〉3.5). 2) Lesser seismicity around the reservoir seems to be correlated with water level in the reservoir, but also shows to be dependent on regional seismicity. 3) b value shows a slight increase with time. This may indicate an increase in rock fracturing, which is known to precede the disappearing of Type II RIS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879486
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macroseismic estimates of magnitude in Italy (1995)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 145 (1995), S. 297-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Magnitude ; intensity ; seismic hazard ; Italy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A multi-parametric study of empirical relationships between macroseismic data and magnitude is presented for the Italian region by the analysis of a new extended data set concerning 146 earthquakes. The available magnitude determinations include all of the most intense earthquakes which occurred in Italy in the last century and have been obtained by an accurate revision of original instrumental data. Intensity data have been revised and upgraded on the basis of the most recent studies: only local intensities directly documented have been used. Macroseismic determinations ofM s ,m B andM wa magnitudes have been performed. The empirical relationships between maximum felt intensity (I max ) and magnitude have been determined by the use of a distribution-free approach and a linear regression analysis. This last parameterization allows for the explanation of more than 60% of the variation in magnitude. In order to improve these results, the linear dependence between magnitude,I max and average distances (in logarithm) corresponding to fixed attenuation values has been explored. The comparison between instrumental magnitudes and corresponding macroseismic estimates obtained from empirical relationships shows that the respective uncertainties are comparable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00880272
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seismic activity in North Aegean region as middle-term precursor of Calabrian earthquakes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 44 (1986), S. 264-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9201
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9201(86)90075-0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of interrelation between the seismicity of the Southern Apennines and Southern Dinarides
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 49 (1987), S. 259-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9201
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9201(87)90028-8
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of interconnection between seismic activity in the Iberian Peninsula and North African belts
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 54 (1989), S. 116-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9201
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9201(89)90191-X
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  • 7
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    Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios from a full-wavefield model of ambient vibrations generated by a distribution of spatially correlated surface sources (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-27
    Description: A new effective model is presented to compute horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSR) relative to ambient vibrations, under the assumption that these are originated by a distribution of spatially correlated random surface sources. The major novelty of this model lies in the description of both ground displacement and sources as stochastic fields defined on the Earth's surface, stationary in time and homogeneous in space. In this frame, the power spectral density of the displacement stochastic field can be written as a function of the power spectral density of the force stochastic field and of the subsoil properties, through the relevant Green's function. Spatial correlation between ambient vibration sources is shown to be a necessary condition to warrant convergence of the integrals defining the frequency power spectra of the displacement field that make up the HVSR curve. Furthermore, it is shown that this HVSR curve may be significantly affected by the effective range of the force-field correlation on the Earth's surface. This formalization reduces computational efforts with respect to the previous version of the model based on distributed surface sources and may provide synthetic HVSR-curve patterns that are in line with those given by that computationally more troublesome version, as well as with those deduced under the assumption that the ambient vibrations constitute a diffuse wavefield.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 8
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    Communicating uncertainty: managing the inherent probabilistic character of hazard estimates (2015)
    Geological Society (of London)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-15
    Description: A key aspect of ethics is the concept of responsible behaviour, that is, the attitude of correcting one's own actions based on the foreseen effects. In the case of Earth scientists, these actions mainly concern providing and communicating authoritative statements that are the basis of activities devoted to prevent possible losses. When deterministic statements are provided, science and scientists are imputable for any wrong action that relies on these statements. Probabilistic statements, instead, imply the possibility of alternative scenarios characterized by a degree of belief assessed based on the available knowledge. In this case, the lack of any definitive ‘truth’ requires the responsibility of a relevant decider to choose among several possibilities. Correctly communicating case by case the actual nature (deterministic or probabilistic) of the scientific statements becomes of paramount importance to manage effectively the relationship between the scientific community and society. The adoption of an epistemic view of probability and the use of clear decision-making tools may be of great help in providing a more effective basis for translating probabilistic statements into a comprehensible language and may also clarify the respective role of scientists and society in facing geological risks.
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society (of London)
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  • 9
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    On the Influence of Horizontal Ground-Shaking Definition on Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Analysis (2015)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-02
    Description: The impact on probabilistic ground-motion hazard of different definitions of the horizontal component of ground shaking is examined. The scope is to highlight how such a minor detail within the complex computation chain of a probabilistic seismic-hazard assessment can play a crucial role on final results. This is achieved by comparing hazard maps produced for Italy considering different definitions of the ground-motion component at different spectral periods. In our exercise, special attention is paid to the treatment of the aleatory variability of ground motion (sigma) when one switches from one metric to another. The results show that differences in the definition of the horizontal component could imply differences in the hazard results as large as 40%. Online Material: Color maps of geographical distributions of hazard value ratios.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 10
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    Power spectral density function and spatial autocorrelation of the ambient vibration full-wavefield generated by a distribution of spatially correlated surface sources (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-05
    Description: Synthetic dispersion curves are here computed in the frame of an ambient-vibration full-wavefield model, which relies on the description of both ambient-vibration ground displacement and its sources as stochastic fields defined on the Earth's surface, stationary in time and homogeneous in space. In this model, previously developed for computing synthetic Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio curves, the power spectral density function and the spatial autocorrelation of the displacement are naturally described as functions of the power spectral density function of the generating forces and of the subsoil properties ( via the relevant Green's function), by also accounting for spatial correlation of these forces. Dispersion curves are computed from the displacement power spectral density function and from the spatial autocorrelation according with the well-known f-k and SPAC techniques, respectively. Two examples illustrate the way this new ambient-vibration model works, showing its possible use in better understanding the role of the surface waves in forming the dispersion curves, as well as its capability to capture some remarkable experimental findings.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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