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  • 1
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    Effects of soil faunal activity and woody shrubs on water infiltration rates in a semi-arid fallow of Senegal (2001)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0929-1393
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-0272
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations sur le comportement de marche en tandem chez deux espèces de fourmis ponérines:Mesoponera caffraria (smith) ethypoponera SP. (Hym. formicidae) (1984)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 31 (1984), S. 264-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The characteritics of tandem running were analysed in two species of Ponerine ants from tropical Africa, together with the stimuli causing either the leader or the follower to start or to maintain the tandem running. With regard to the genusMesoponera, tandem running allows the recruitment for the capture of a mobile and voluminous prey, the collective transport of a dead insect untransportable by a sole individual, the hunting of small preys and the collection of sugared substances. The genusHypoponera makes use of tandem running to recruit but only in the instance of dismembering of large prey. On the other hand it was shown that in one of the species (Hypoponera sp.), the number of tandems formed can depend on various olfactory stimuli perceived in the nearby environment of the colony. A change in certain elements of the environment can therefore cause specific effects in some of the complex interactions observed in ant societies.
    Notes: Resume J'ai analysé, chez deux espèces de Fourmis Ponérines d'Afrique tropicale, les caractéristiques de la marche en tandem et les stimuli qui interviennent, agissant sur l'ouvrièreguide ou sur l'ouvrière recrutée, pour déterminer la mise en route ou le maintien des tandems. Pour le genreMesoponera, les tandems permettent le recrutement pour la capture d'une proie mobile et volumineuse, mais aussi pour le transport collectif d'un insecte mort qui ne peut être transporté par une seule ouvrière, — ou pour la chasse d'un grand nombre de petites proies, enfin pour la récolte d'une substance sucrée. Le genreHypoponera utilise le tandem pour recruter, mais uniquement lors du dépeçage d'une proie volumineuse. D'autre part, j'ai montré que chezHypoponera sp. le nombre de tandems peut dépendre de stimuli olfactifs déterminés, perçus dans le très proche environnement de la société. Par conséquent, la modification de certains éléments de l'environnement peut avoir une action spécifique sur la manifestation d'interactions complexes observées dans les sociétés de Fourmis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02223611
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations sur la récolte de substances liquides et de sucs animaux chez deux espèces d'Aphaenogaster: a. senilis eta. subterranea (Hym. Formicidae) (1985)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 32 (1985), S. 427-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Ants of the genusAphaenogaster (A. senilis, A. subterranea) do not engage in the usual exchange of foodstuff from mouth to mouth, but employ a complex method for provisioning of their colony. Workers carry to the nest various objects imbibed or coated with liquid sugar or body fluid from crushed insects. In the nest, other workers lick the food on the objects. The foragers are capable of placing these intermediary objects on the liquid food supply before carrying them away. They can thus be said to use them as “tools” in the conventional ethological acception.
    Notes: Resume Les fourmis du genreAphaenogaster, qui ne pratiquent pas le transfert de substances de bouche à bouche, utilisent une méthode complexe pour assurer l'approvisionnement de la société. Elles transportent jusqu'au nid des matériaux divers, imbibés ou enrobés de liquides sucrés ou de sucs animaux, qui sont ensuite léchés par les ouvrières restées dans le nid. Les récolteuses sont capables, avant ces prélèvements, d'apporter et de déposer des matériaux sur les sources de nourriture liquide offerte. Cette séquence de comportements peut être assimilée à l'emploi d'un «outil» au sens classique du terme en éthologie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02224019
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations sur les signaux préparatoires à l'alimentation des larves chez la fourmi ponérinePachycondyla caffraria (Smith) (1991)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 38 (1991), S. 439-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Larvae ; feeding ; Ponerinae ; Pachycondyla
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In colonies ofPachycondyla caffraria the nurse workers gather together the larvae which lift the anterior part of their body as a result of the antennal palpation they receive, and then feed them. We have shown experimentally that this response of raising the anterior part of the body is the only signal by which workers are able to recognize hungry larvae. They are not able to detect larvae they have not selected, as follows from experiments in which such larvae are placed in the group of larvae that they are about to feed.
    Notes: Résumé Dans les sociétés dePachycondyla caffraria les ouvrières nourrices regroupent les larves qui ont redressé leur région antérieure à la suite des palpations antennaires reçues, puis les nourrissent. Nous avons pu montrer expérimentalement que cette réaction de redressement de l'avant du corps est le seul indice qui permette aux ouvrières de reconnaître les larves affamées. Elles ne savent pas déceler les larves qu'elles n'ont pas sélectionnées à ce moment, si celles-ci ont expérimentalement été placées dans le groupe des larves qu'elles vont nourrir.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01241877
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prey chain transfer behaviour in the African stink ant, Pachycondyla tarsata Fabr. (2000)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 47 (2000), S. 337-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Group retrieval, foraging behaviour, ants, Pachycondyla tarsata.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: Pachycondyla tarsata workers display individual searching and hunting activities. Small groups of isolated individuals act as "patrollers", searching for food in the foraging territories around the nests. Finder ants returning laden with prey to the nest can transfer them to unladen nestmates if they are encountered. A prey can be transferred several times, even within the nest, before it finally reaches a nest chamber. In a series of experiments on this prey chain transfer behaviour (PCTB), prey were exchanged in half of the encounters. After prey retrieval, ants involved in PCTB returned preferentially to prey discovery or transfer areas, according to their role in the previous transport chain. The different tasks of PCTB seem to be interchangeable among individuals in the colonies, although ants from inside the nest have a stronger tendency to remain inside while outside ants do the opposite. Contacts between nestmates without transfer also encourage P. tarsata workers to forage, because they increase the number or the activity level of ants engaged in foraging labors, through the outbreak of an indirect recruitment process. It is hypothesized that PCTB works as a transport chain that ensures the quick retrieval of prey, enabling searching and hunting activities to continue simultaneously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00001726
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations sur le nourrissage des larves chez deux espèces d'Aphaenogaster (Hymenoptera Formicidae) (1986)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 33 (1986), S. 217-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Ants of the genusAphaenogaster (A. senilis andA. subterranea) employ special means for feeding their larvae, depending on the size of the prey to which they are presented and on the size of the larvae. Large and medium-size larvae are placed by the workers upon large-size preys, on which they feed unaided, whereas small larvae are fed with pieces of prey as among many other ants. InA. subterranea, this genusspecific behaviour was found to disappear in the absence of the queen. On the other hand, inA. senilis, when no large size larvae were available, small larvae were used as a substitute and treated as large.
    Notes: Resume Les Fourmis du genreAphaenogaster (A. senilis etA. subterranea) ont une façon particulière de nourrir leurs larves, en fonction de leur taille et de celle de la proie offerte. Les larves grosses et moyennes sont disposées par les ouvrières sur les grandes proies, et se nourrissent elles-mêmes, tandis que les petites reçoivent des morceaux de proies comme chez les autres fourmis. Ce comportement spécifique disparaît, chezA. subterranea, en l'absence de la reine. D'autre part, chezA. senilis, en l'absence de grosses larves, les petites sont traitées comme l'étaient les grosses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02224242
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role de la reine dans le comportement des ouvrières immatures chez la fourmiAphaenogaster subterranea (Latr.) (1989)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 36 (1989), S. 156-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The activity of young workers in colonies ofAphaenogaster subterranea is modified by the absence of the queen. Under such conditions, immature, workers, which under normal conditions stay in the nest, go out to the foraging, area and gather prey and sweet substances. Soon after the reintroduction of the queen into the colony, these immature workers progressively cease to take part in food gathering. The social behaviour of young workers ofA. subterrnea is thus influenced by the queen.
    Notes: Resume Dans les sociétés d'Aphaenogaster subterranea, la mise en place des activités des jeunes individus est perturbée par l'absence de la reine. Dans ces conditions, des ouvrières immatures, qui restent normalement dans le nid, gagnent l'aire de récolte et assurent l'approvisionnement en proies et en matières sucrées. Lorsque la reine est réintroduite dans la société, ces jeunes ouvrières cessent progressivement de prendre part à l'approvisionnement. Le comportement social des jeunes ouvrières d'A. subterranea dépend donc de la présence de la reine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02225910
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Division of labour between foraging workers of the ponerine antPachycondyla caffraria (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (1992)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 39 (1992), S. 455-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Foragers ; division of labour ; ponerine ; Pachycondyla caffraria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two categories of foraging worker were found inPachycondyla caffraria from Senegal. One specialises in hunting and the other in collecting sweet liquid food. In the category of hunters there are two sub-categories: “stingers” and “transporters”. When the workers were offered a group of live termites (20–30Microcerotermes sp.), two types of behaviour were observed: some workers stung and paralysed the prey, while others transported the termites back to the nest. While on a foraging raid, the two roles are undertaken by two distinct groups of workers, and the roles are not interchanged during the course of the raid. The number of hunters, liquid collectors and transporters of prey are highly correlated with colony size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01240629
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