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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous degradation of mixtures of 4-nitrobenzoate and 4-aminobenzoate by immobilized cells of Burkholderia cepacia strain PB4 (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 52 (1999), S. 440-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Although isolated on 4-aminobenzoate, Burkholderia cepacia strain PB4 is also able to grow on 4-nitrobenzoate. Degradation of an equimolar mixture of the nitroaromatic compound 4-nitrobenzoate and its corresponding aminoaromatic derivative 4-aminobenzoate by this strain was investigated. Batch experiments showed that, irrespective of preculturing conditions, both compounds were degraded simultaneously. The mixture-degrading ability of B. cepacia strain PB4 was subsequently tested in continuous packed bed reactors (PBR) with the strain immobilized on Celite grade R-633 or R-635. Higher degradation rates were achieved with the larger particles of Celite R-635. Maximum simultaneous degradation rates per liter of packed bed of 0.925 mmol l−1 h−1 4-nitrobenzoate and 4-aminobenzoate were obtained for an applied loading rate of the same value (0.925 mmol l−1 h−1 of each compound). Even when the applied load was not removed in its entirety, neither of the two compounds was degraded preferentially but a percentage of both of them was mineralized. The present study shows the possibility for a pure strain to biodegrade not only a nitroaromatic compound (4-nitrobenzoate) but also its corresponding amino derivative (4-aminobenzoate) continuously and simultaneously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051544
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth Kinetics of Free and Immobilized Insect Cell Cultures (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 589 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb24259.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sf9 Insect Cell Growth and β-Galactosidase Production in Serum and Serum-free Media (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 745 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb44370.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gramicidin S Synthetase Stabilization in Vivo (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 434 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb29798.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Fungal Production of Cyclosporine (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 506 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb23863.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic characterisation of fifteen atrazine-degrading microbial communities (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 21 (1998), S. 254-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: atrazine; Biolog; community; biodegradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fifteen atrazine-degrading microbial communities obtained from different sources were able to degrade atrazine in a liquid mineral medium as the main organic substrate at high rates (atrazine half-lives ranging from 20 to 164 h). Hydroxyatrazine was the sole metabolite detected. This metabolite was always transient but its maximum level varied from 4 to 67% of the parent compound. Communities originating from subsurface sediments degraded atrazine at similar rates (half-lives between 56 and 62 h). A Biolog characterisation revealed a wide diversity of substrate utilisation by the communities originating either from the surface or the subsurface environments. Twenty-four Biolog carbon sources were degraded by the fifteen communities. A multiple regression analysis established a statistically significant relationship between the atrazine DT50 values of thirteen communities and their responses to four Biolog carbon sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900583
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissolved oxygen levels and the in vivo stability of gramicidin S synthetase (1986)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 24 (1986), S. 319-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary In the course of our studies on the oxidative inactivation of gramicidin S (GS) synthetase in vivo, we examined the involvement of dissolved oxygen (D.O.) levels in agitated and aerated cell suspensions. The previously discovered retardation of synthetase inactivation in the presence of glycerol, which is normally accompanied by lower D.O. than in glycerol-free controls, was also observed when D.O. was forcibly maintained at control levels. Stabilization of synthetase in cell suspensions supplemented with amino acid substrates was accompanied by similar levels of D.O. as in unsupplemented controls. These experiments show that carbon source-mediated retardation of synthetase inactivation is not brought about by decreased D.O. and that low D.O. is not necessary for stabilization of the enzyme. However, D.O. concentrations constantly maintained at or above 100% air saturation do accelerate in vivo inactivation of GS synthetase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257056
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of l-valine in relation to the production of cyclosporin A by Tolypocladium inflatum (1991)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 34 (1991), S. 513-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary We report the kinetics of endogenous l-valine in the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum, in an effort to understand the enhancing effect of externally supplemented l-valine on the production of the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CyA) in chemically defined medium. In a batch laboratory stirred reactor cultivation, the concentration of intracellular l-valine increased by up to four times between the end of the exponential phase and the beginning of the stationary phase when the medium was supplemented externally with 4 g/1 l-valine. The final CyA titre under these conditions was 710 mg/1 compared to only 130 mg/1 attained without l-valine supplementation. In contrast to substantial growth-associated production of CyA in unsupplemented culture, the formation of the immunosuppressant was prolonged during the stationary phase in l-valine-supplemented medium. As a result, the conversion yield of CyA on l-valine remained constant during the stationary phase at 0.27 g CyA/g l-valine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180580
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradation of atrazine in sand sediments and in a sand-filter (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 589-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The potential of a microbial consortium for treating waters contaminated with atrazine was considered. In conventional liquid culture, atrazine and its two dealkylated by-products were equally metabolised by the microbial consortium. Transient production of hydroxyatrazine was observed during atrazine catabolism, indicating that the catabolic pathway was similar to the one reported for isolates capable of atrazine mineralisation. This consortium was then inoculated to sediments sampled from an artificial recharge site. These sediments were contaminated by atrazine and diuron and exhibited only a slow endogenous herbicide dissipation. Inoculated microorganisms led to extensive atrazine degradation and survived for more than 10 weeks in the sediments. A rudimentary bioreactor was then setup using a soil core originating from the same recharge site. Degrading microorganisms rapidly colonised the core and expressed their degrading activity. The efficiency of the bioreactor was improved in the presence of spiked environmental surface waters. Atrazine degraders thus possibly benefited from the other organic sources in developing and expressing their activity. The microbial consortium did not initially exhibit the capacity to degrade diuron, which was used as reference compound. No change in this characteristic was detected throughout the study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000418
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversal of the inhibitory effect of surfactants upon germination and growth of a consortium of two strains of Bacillus (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 51 (1999), S. 370-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Anionic, cationic, amphoteric and non-ionic surfactants inhibited spore germination and subsequent growth of a mixture of two Bacillus strains at surfactant concentrations ranging from 1 ppm to 50 ppm. Germination appeared to be more affected than cell growth by the presence of surfactants, the inhibitory thresholds being largely increased when media were inoculated with vegetative cells. The bacterial species forming the consortium were incapable of growing on liquid and agar-solidified media prepared with non-diluted domestic wastewater. Addition of hydrolases (protease, cellulase, α-amylase and lipase) to the wastewater medium allowed the germination of spores and their vegetative growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051404
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