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  • 1
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    Nociceptive sensory neurons drive interleukin-23-mediated psoriasiform skin inflammation (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-25
    Description: The skin has a dual function as a barrier and a sensory interface between the body and the environment. To protect against invading pathogens, the skin harbours specialized immune cells, including dermal dendritic cells (DDCs) and interleukin (IL)-17-producing gammadelta T (gammadeltaT17) cells, the aberrant activation of which by IL-23 can provoke psoriasis-like inflammation. The skin is also innervated by a meshwork of peripheral nerves consisting of relatively sparse autonomic and abundant sensory fibres. Interactions between the autonomic nervous system and immune cells in lymphoid organs are known to contribute to systemic immunity, but how peripheral nerves regulate cutaneous immune responses remains unclear. We exposed the skin of mice to imiquimod, which induces IL-23-dependent psoriasis-like inflammation. Here we show that a subset of sensory neurons expressing the ion channels TRPV1 and Nav1.8 is essential to drive this inflammatory response. Imaging of intact skin revealed that a large fraction of DDCs, the principal source of IL-23, is in close contact with these nociceptors. Upon selective pharmacological or genetic ablation of nociceptors, DDCs failed to produce IL-23 in imiquimod-exposed skin. Consequently, the local production of IL-23-dependent inflammatory cytokines by dermal gammadeltaT17 cells and the subsequent recruitment of inflammatory cells to the skin were markedly reduced. Intradermal injection of IL-23 bypassed the requirement for nociceptor communication with DDCs and restored the inflammatory response. These findings indicate that TRPV1(+)Nav1.8(+) nociceptors, by interacting with DDCs, regulate the IL-23/IL-17 pathway and control cutaneous immune responses.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4127885/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4127885/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Riol-Blanco, Lorena -- Ordovas-Montanes, Jose -- Perro, Mario -- Naval, Elena -- Thiriot, Aude -- Alvarez, David -- Paust, Silke -- Wood, John N -- von Andrian, Ulrich H -- 101054/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 5F31AR063546-02/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- AI069259/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI078897/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI095261/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI111595/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F31 AR063546/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- G0901905/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- P01 AI078897/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI112521/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI069259/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI111595/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jun 5;510(7503):157-61. doi: 10.1038/nature13199. Epub 2014 Apr 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2]. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; 1] Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2] Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ; Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24759321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminoquinolines ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Inflammation/chemically induced/immunology/pathology ; Interleukin-17/biosynthesis/immunology ; Interleukin-23/biosynthesis/*immunology ; Interleukins/biosynthesis/immunology ; Langerhans Cells/immunology/metabolism ; Lymph Nodes/immunology/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; NAV1.8 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel/metabolism ; Nociceptors/drug effects/*metabolism ; Psoriasis/chemically induced/*immunology/*pathology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/drug effects/*metabolism ; Skin/cytology/immunology/*innervation/*pathology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism ; TRPV Cation Channels/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Zooplancton et micronecton estivaux des deux cents premiers m�tres en M�diterran�e Occidentale (1972)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1972-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0025-3162
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1793
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
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    Influence des conditions hivernales sur les productions phyto-et zooplanctoniques en M�diterran�e Nord-Occidentale. V. Biomasse et production zooplanctonique ? relations phyto-zooplancton (1975)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0025-3162
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1793
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence des conditions hivernales sur les productions phyto-et zooplanctoniques en Méditerranée Nord-Occidentale. V. Biomasse et production zooplanctonique — relations phyto-zooplancton (1975)
    Springer
    Marine biology 31 (1975), S. 249-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The cruise “Mediprod I” of the R.V. “Jean Charcot” covered an area of the Mediterranean Sea situated North of the 40th parallel and West of Corsica; during two 15-day legs, the first when Winter conditions ended, in March, the second in Spring conditions, in April, a 48-station network was surveyed as to primary and secondary production, as well as hydrological conditions. The first survey revealed a higher concentration of zooplankton in hydrologically stable areas, especially in the South-East, although zooplankton values were rather low throughout the whole area surveyed. The total zooplankton per unit surface was lower at the edges of the surveyed area, where phytoplankton was scarce. An increase in zoo-plankton biomass was observed between the two surveys, mostly in the central areas and near the surface. An important difference between both legs is in the proportion of organisms of different sizes collected by the Clarke-Bumpus sampler: the-200 μ:+200 μ organisms ratio, which is around 1 during the first leg, is much lower during the second leg. Two methods were used in estimating the biomass: the +200 μ fraction of a Clarke-Bumpus sample (Cl-B towed with a 50-μ net fitted on the sampler) was collected by sieving the sample through a 200-μ mesh nylon; standard vertical WP 2 hauls were performed (200 μ mesh). Both roughly show the same zooplankton (weight per unit surface) distribution pattern. However, higher estimations of the total biomass of the volume investigated were sometimes provided by the Clarke-Bumpus method during the first leg, probably due to the distribution of the animals according to their size-classes. A graph of chlorophyll versus zooplankton for surface waters suggests that zooplankton has a limiting effect on the development of phytoplankton in April only. Apparent growth rates of cooplankton are less than those for populations in the laboratory or enclosed environments. Values of the mean secondary production vary from 18 mg C.m-2.day-1 for the first leg, to 230 mg C.m-2.day-1 for the second leg. Estimations of net efficiency for energetic transfer between phyto- and zooplankton lie between 7 and 26%. As far as our hypotheses as regards physiological coefficients are valid, we can assume that the effect of grazing relative to primary production is greater in the border areas than in the central area, thus increasing the contrast between both areas with time. Phosphorus excretion rate by zooplankton seems to be less than that measured in the Atlantic Ocean. We suggest that in Spring zooplankton excretion is not the main phosphorus recycling process. Primary productivity measurements, apparent growth coefficients, and estimated grazing rate have been used to calculate the expected mean biomass per unit area during the second leg. A 7% loss of phyto- and zooplankton from the upper 100-m layer must be assumed to explain the observed biomass variation. Vertical mixing and sinking of surface water on an isopycnal slope are responsible for such loss, which can also affect, to an undetermined degree, the phosphorus stock introduced into the surface layer by the Mediterranean deep-water formation mechanism. We suggest that nearly half the total loss of phytoplankton from March to April is attributable to animal grazing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387153
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zooplancton et micronecton estivaux des deux cents premiers mètres en Méditerranée Occidentale (1972)
    Springer
    Marine biology 15 (1972), S. 47-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 1. La distribution qualitative et quantitative du zooplancton et du micronecton récoltés pendant la campagne Polymède (Méditerranée occidentale, mai/juin 1970) de la couche superficielle (0 à 200 m) est expliquée en fonction des caractéristiques du milieu. 2. L'augmentation de la biomasse dans les deux cents premiers mètres pendant la nuit est importante pour le micronecton (1×10), faible pour le macroplancton (1×2). 3. Les variations nycthémérales de la biomasse mésoplanctonique sont négligeables. 4. Le macroplancton ne présente pas de particularité dans sa répartition géographique. 5. Au niveau du micronecton, les plus fortes concentrations de poissons (Mer d'Alboran) semblent liées au courant atlantique; les euphausiacés, au contraire, sont plus abondants au nord du 40ème parallèle, en particulier dans le Golfe de Gênes. 6. Au niveau du mésoplancton, l'abondance et les caractéristiques des populations sont liées au trajet du courant atlantique et à l'évolution des zones de divergence.
    Notes: Abstract The specific and quantitative distribution of zooplankton and micronekton sampled during the R.V. “Jean Charcot” Polymed cruise (Western Mediterranean Sea, May/June 1970) in the superficial layer (0 to 200 m) is explained in relation to the environmental characteristics. The biomass increase of this layer at night is great for micronekton (1×10) and low for macroplankton (1×2). Diurnal mesoplankton migrations can be disregarded. The macroplankton shows no peculiarity in geographical distribution. For the micronekton, the biggest concentrations of fishes (in the Alboran Sea) seem to be related to the Atlantic Current; on the other hand, euphausiids are more numerous to the north of the 40th parallel, especially in the Gulf of Genova. Quantity and species characteristics of the mesoplanctonic populations are connected with the Atlantic Current and divergences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00347436
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  • 6
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    Peuplements zooplanctoniques dans les régions de remontées d'eau du littoral atlantique africain (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/7949 | 424 | 2012-03-07 15:36:01 | 7949 | Centre de Recherches Océanographiques, Côte d'Ivoire
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: The introduction is followed by a resume of the biogeographic factors and the principal work. The characteristics of zooplankton in different regions are presented based on regular research in Santa Helena Bay and Walvis Bay and the research carried out by William Scoresby. Certain factors of the digestive system of South African plankton are discussed. The next section concerns research in intertropical and equatorial regions in the Gulf of Guinea. It considers the littoral region of Angola, the Pointe Noire region and discusses the density and complexity of stocks. The last section concerns the zooplankton of Nigeria, Ghana and the Ivory Coast and discusses the grouping of species and compares the results.
    Keywords: Biology ; Oceanography ; African Atlantic littoral ; zooplankton ; upwelling
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1-72
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