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  • 1
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    The ATLAS3D Project - XXIII. Angular momentum and nuclear surface brightness profiles (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-26
    Description: We investigate nuclear light profiles in 135 ATLAS 3D galaxies for which the Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) imaging is available and compare them to the large-scale kinematics obtained with the SAURON integral-field spectrograph. Specific angular momentum, R , correlates with the shape of nuclear light profiles, where, as suggested by previous studies, cores are typically found in slow rotators and core-less galaxies are fast rotators. As also shown before, cores are found only in massive galaxies and only in systems with the stellar mass (measured via dynamical models) M   8  x 10 10 M . Based on our sample, we, however, see no evidence for a bimodal distribution of nuclear slopes. The best predictor for finding a core is based on the stellar velocity dispersion within an effective radius, e , and specific angular momentum, where cores are found for R   0.25 and e   160 km s –1 . We estimate that only about 10 per cent of nearby early-type galaxies contain cores. Furthermore, we show that there is a genuine population of fast rotators with cores. We also show that core fast rotators are morphologically, kinematically and dynamically different from core slow rotators. The cores of fast rotators, however, could harbour black holes of similar masses to those in core slow rotators, but typically more massive than those found in core-less fast rotators. Cores of both fast and slow rotators are made of old stars and found in galaxies typically lacking molecular or atomic gas (with a few exceptions). Core-less galaxies, and especially core-less fast rotators, are underluminous in the diffuse X-ray emission, but the presence of a core does not imply high X-ray luminosities. Additionally, we postulate (as many of these galaxies lack HST imaging) a possible population of core-less galaxies among slow rotators, which cannot be explained as face-on discs, but comprise a genuine sub-population of slow rotators. These galaxies are typically less massive and flatter than core slow rotators, and show evidence for dynamical cold structures and exponential photometric components. Based on our findings, major non-dissipative (gas-poor) mergers together with black hole binary evolution may not be the only path for formation of cores in early-type galaxies. We discuss possible processes for formation of cores and their subsequent preservation.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    L-type Ca2+ channel regulation of the mitochondria [Physiology] (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-16
    Description: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a fatal X-linked disease characterized by the absence of dystrophin. Approximately 20% of boys will die of dilated cardiomyopathy that is associated with cytoskeletal protein disarray, contractile dysfunction, and reduced energy production. However, the mechanisms for altered energy metabolism are not yet fully clarified. Calcium influx...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 3
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    Fractures in shale: the significance of igneous intrusions for groundwater flow (2018)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈p〉Research in Cretaceous shales from West Africa has demonstrated that significant permeability can develop within shales at shallow depths (1 m day〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉. Much of the variation in permeability is related to the degree of burial metamorphism, with shales that have been altered and that approach the anchizone having the highest permeability and those that are largely unaltered (early diagenetic zone) having the lowest permeability. However, further research targeting largely unaltered shales dominated by smectite clay has shown that the presence of small igneous intrusions can radically alter the hydrogeology. Twenty-four exploratory boreholes were drilled into smectite-dominated shale and nine of these boreholes were targeted to small dolerite intrusions within the shale. The dolerite was intensely fractured at the intrusion edge, with significant zeolite growth along the fracture surfaces. The permeability in the fractured dolerite was the highest measured in any shale borehole, with transmissivities of up to 60 m〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 day〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉 measured from pumping tests. Fracturing was less where dolerite was intruded into sandstones, however, and the measured transmissivity was lower (2 day〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉). We postulate that the low permeability and high water content of the shale enabled high pressures to develop during intrusion, facilitating the development of fractures along the intrusion contact zone.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0375-6440
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 4
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    GDNF: a potent survival factor for motoneurons present in peripheral nerve and muscle (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-11
    Description: For survival, embryonic motoneurons in vertebrates depend on as yet undefined neurotrophic factors present in the limb bud. Members of the neurotrophin family are currently the best candidates for such neurotrophic factors, but inactivation of their receptor genes leads to only partial loss of motoneurons, which suggests that other factors are involved. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), originally identified as a trophic factor specific for dopaminergic neurons, was found to be 75-fold more potent than the neurotrophins in supporting the survival of purified embryonic rat motoneurons in culture. GDNF messenger RNA was found in the immediate vicinity of motoneurons during the period of cell death in development. In vivo, GDNF rescues and prevents the atrophy of facial motoneurons that have been deprived of target-derived survival factors by axotomy. GDNF may therefore be a physiological trophic factor for spinal motoneurons. Its potency and specificity in vitro and in vivo also make it a good candidate for treatment of motoneuron disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henderson, C E -- Phillips, H S -- Pollock, R A -- Davies, A M -- Lemeulle, C -- Armanini, M -- Simmons, L -- Moffet, B -- Vandlen, R A -- Simpson LC corrected to Simmons, L -- Koliatsos, V E -- Rosenthal, A -- NS 10580/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 11;266(5187):1062-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INSERM U.382, IBDM, Marseille, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973664" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Cell Death ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; Face/innervation ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Growth Inhibitors/pharmacology ; *Interleukin-6 ; Leukemia Inhibitory Factor ; Lymphokines/pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Motor Neurons/*cytology/drug effects ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/*metabolism ; Nerve Growth Factors/analysis/biosynthesis/genetics/*pharmacology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*analysis/biosynthesis/genetics/*pharmacology ; Neurons, Afferent/cytology/drug effects ; Peripheral Nerves/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics ; Rats ; Schwann Cells/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Fractures in shale: the significance of igneous intrusions for groundwater flow (2018)
    Geological Society (of London)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-19
    Description: Research in Cretaceous shales from West Africa has demonstrated that significant permeability can develop within shales at shallow depths (〈100 m), equivalent to a permeability of 〉1 m day –1 . Much of the variation in permeability is related to the degree of burial metamorphism, with shales that have been altered and that approach the anchizone having the highest permeability and those that are largely unaltered (early diagenetic zone) having the lowest permeability. However, further research targeting largely unaltered shales dominated by smectite clay has shown that the presence of small igneous intrusions can radically alter the hydrogeology. Twenty-four exploratory boreholes were drilled into smectite-dominated shale and nine of these boreholes were targeted to small dolerite intrusions within the shale. The dolerite was intensely fractured at the intrusion edge, with significant zeolite growth along the fracture surfaces. The permeability in the fractured dolerite was the highest measured in any shale borehole, with transmissivities of up to 60 m 2 day –1 measured from pumping tests. Fracturing was less where dolerite was intruded into sandstones, however, and the measured transmissivity was lower (〈0.5 m 2 day –1 ). We postulate that the low permeability and high water content of the shale enabled high pressures to develop during intrusion, facilitating the development of fractures along the intrusion contact zone.
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society (of London)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogeny of the Somatosensory System: Origins and Early Development of Primary Sensory Neurons (1990)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Neuroscience 13 (1990), S. 61-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0147-006X
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ne.13.030190.000425
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathophysiology of Sudden Upper Airway Obstruction in Sleeping Infants and Its Relevance for SIDS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 533 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb37261.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on lysosomes in rat heart cell cultures. II. The effect of exogenous lysosomes (1969)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 25 (1969), S. 1092-1093 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Isolierte Lysosomen wie auch intakte Monozyten hatten keinen zytopathischen Einfluss auf Herzmuskelzellen von Ratten, gezüchtet im Medium mit pH 7,2. Ein erniedrigtes Medium wie auch Nachbehandlungen der Kulturen mit Vitamin A nach Chlorpromazin 10−4 konnten keinen synergistisch zerstörenden Einfluss auf die Herzkulturen hervorrufen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01901451
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental myocarditis: Enhancement by the use of pertussis vaccine in Lewis rats (1970)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 26 (1970), S. 1143-1145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass Pertussis Impfstoff die Neigung zur Entstehung experimenteller Myokarditis bei Inzucht-Lewis-Ratten, die mit Kaninchen- und Rattenherzextrakten in vollständig Freund'schem Adjuvans immunisiert wurden, verstärkt. Keine zunehmende Neigung zur Entwicklung der Krankheit wurde hingegen festgestellt, wenn wahllos gezÜchtete, genetisch nicht verwandte Ratten (Hebrew University strain «Sabra») in derselben Weise behandelt wurden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02112726
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Earliest sensory nerve fibres are guided to peripheral targets by attractants other than nerve growth factor (1983)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 306 (1983), S. 786-788 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In normal development of the mouse20 the trigeminal ganglion appears during embryonic day 9 (E9, day of vaginal plug is E0) and by E10 both the ganglion and the whisker field, a part of its presumptive innervation territory, become discernible (Fig. 1). At E10 about 1,200 fibres extend towards the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/306786a0
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