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  • 1
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    Application of chlorite thermometry to estimation of formation temperature and redox conditions (2018)
    Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉ABSTRACT〈/div〉Diverse applications of chlorite thermometry have been considered for better understanding the formation process in nature. Here, an approach which combined a semi-empirical thermometer (Inoue 〈span〉et al.〈/span〉, 〈a href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/claymin#R25"〉2009〈/a〉) with the method of Walshe (〈a href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/claymin#R48"〉1986〈/a〉) was tested to estimate the redox conditions (log 〈span〉f〈/span〉〈sub〉O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉〈/sub〉) and the formation temperature, using the literature data from Niger, Rouez and St Martin and new data for chlorite which coexists with pink-coloured epidote in the Noboribetsu geothermal field. The log 〈span〉f〈/span〉〈sub〉O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉〈/sub〉 predicted for the former data sets were compatible with those estimated by 〈a href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/claymin#R47"〉Vidal 〈span〉et al.〈/span〉 (2016)〈/a〉, suggesting that the present approach is valid for quantifying the variations in log 〈span〉f〈/span〉〈sub〉O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉〈/sub〉. The Noboribetsu chlorites have lower Fe/(Fe + Mn + Mg) and greater Fe〈sup〉3+〈/sup〉/ΣFe ratios than those observed in adjacent propylite rocks. The peculiar mineral assemblage and chemical composition are attributed to the formation under higher 〈span〉f〈/span〉〈sub〉O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉〈/sub〉 conditions and possibly low Fe concentration in the alteration fluids.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0009-8558
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-8030
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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  • 2
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    Isolation of novel prototype galectins from the marine ball sponge Cinachyrella sp. guided by their modulatory activity on mammalian glutamate-gated ion channels (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: Here we report the bioactivity-guided isolation of novel galectins from the marine sponge Cinachyrella sp., collected from Iriomote Island, Japan. The lectin proteins, which we refer to as the Cinachyrella galectins (CchGs), were identified as the active principles in an aqueous sponge extract that modulated the function of mammalian ionotropic glutamate receptors. Aggregation of rabbit erythrocytes by CchGs was competed most effectively by galactosides but not mannose, a profile characteristic of members of the galectin family of oligosaccharide-binding proteins. The lectin activity was remarkably stable, with only a modest loss in hemagglutination after exposure of the protein to 100°C for 1 h, and showed little sensitivity to calcium concentration. CchG-1 and -2 appeared as 16 and 18 kDa in sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively, whereas matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry indicated broad ion clusters centered at 16,216 and 16,423, respectively. The amino acid sequences of the CchGs were deduced using a combination of Edman degradation and cDNA cloning and revealed that the proteins were distant orthologs of animal prototype galectins and that multiple isolectins comprised the CchGs. One of the isolectins was expressed as a recombinant protein and exhibited physico-chemical and biological properties comparable with those of the natural lectins. The biochemical properties of the CchGs as well as their unexpected activity on mammalian excitatory amino acid receptors suggest that further analysis of these new members of the galectin family will yield further glycobiological and neurophysiological insights.
    Print ISSN: 0959-6658
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2423
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Lysophosphatidylserine analogues differentially activate three LysoPS receptors (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-26
    Description: Lysophosphatidylserine (1-oleoyl-2 R -lysophosphatidylserine, LysoPS) has been shown to have lipid mediator-like actions such as stimulation of mast cell degranulation and suppression of T lymphocyte proliferation, although the mechanisms of LysoPS actions have been elusive. Recently, three G protein-coupled receptors (LPS 1 /GPR34, LPS 2 /P2Y10 and LPS 3 /GPR174) were found to react specifically with LysoPS, raising the possibility that LysoPS serves as a lipid mediator that exerts its role through these receptors. Previously, we chemically synthesized a number of LysoPS analogues and evaluated them as agonists for mast-cell degranulation. Here, we used a transforming growth factor-α (TGFα) shedding assay to see if these LysoPS analogues activated the three LysoPS receptors. Modification of the serine moiety significantly reduced the ability of the analogues to activate the three LysoPS receptors, whereas modification of other parts resulted in loss of activity in receptor-specific manner. We found that introduction of methyl group to serine moiety (1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidylallothreonine) and removal of sn -2 hydroxyl group (1-oleoyl-2-deoxy-LysoPS) resulted in reduction of reactivity with LPS 1 and LPS 3 , respectively. Accordingly, we synthesized a LysoPS analogue with the two modifications (1-oleoyl-2-deoxy-lysophosphatidylallothreonine) and found it to be an LPS 2 -selective agonist. These pharmacological tools will definitely help to identify the biological roles of these LysoPS receptors.
    Print ISSN: 0021-924X
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-2651
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Biochemical Society (JBS).
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  • 4
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    Involvement of thioredoxin on the scaffold activity of NifU in heterocyst cells of the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-30
    Description: The diazotrophic cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 (A.7120) differentiates into specialized heterocyst cells that fix nitrogen under nitrogen starvation conditions. Although reducing equivalents are essential for nitrogen fixation, little is known about redox systems in heterocyst cells. In this study, we investigated thioredoxin (Trx) networks in Anabaena using TrxM, and identified 16 and 38 candidate target proteins in heterocysts and vegetative cells, respectively, by Trx affinity chromatography (Motohashi et al. (Comprehensive survey of proteins targeted by chloroplast thioredoxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , 2001; 98 , 11224–11229)). Among these, the Fe–S cluster scaffold protein NifU that facilitates functional expression of nitrogenase in heterocysts was found to be a potential TrxM target. Subsequently, we observed that the scaffold activity of N-terminal catalytic domain of NifU is enhanced in the presence of Trx-system, suggesting that TrxM is involved in the Fe–S cluster biogenesis.
    Print ISSN: 0021-924X
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-2651
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Biochemical Society (JBS).
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  • 5
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    Genetic dissection of mouse social behavior [Neuroscience] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-21
    Description: Most mammals have two major olfactory subsystems: the main olfactory system (MOS) and vomeronasal system (VNS). It is now widely accepted that the range of pheromones that control social behaviors are processed by both the VNS and the MOS. However, the functional contributions of each subsystem in social behavior remain...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 6
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    Idh1 mutations contribute to T-cell malignancy [Medical Sciences] (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-03
    Description: Gain-of-function mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) are key drivers of hematopoietic malignancies. Although these mutations are most commonly associated with myeloid diseases, they also occur in malignancies of the T-cell lineage. To investigate their role in these diseases and provide tractable disease models for further investigation, we analyzed the...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 7
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    Atomic and electronic structure of Pd_{40}Ni_{40}P_{20} bulk metallic glass from ab initio simulations (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: Author(s): Vijay Kumar, T. Fujita, K. Konno, M. Matsuura, M. W. Chen, A. Inoue, and Y. Kawazoe [Phys. Rev. B 84, 134204] Published Fri Oct 14, 2011
    Keywords: Inhomogeneous, disordered, and partially ordered systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    Characterization of Nanoscale Mechanical Heterogeneity in a Metallic Glass by Dynamic Force Microscopy (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-03-24
    Description: Author(s): Y. H. Liu, D. Wang, K. Nakajima, W. Zhang, A. Hirata, T. Nishi, A. Inoue, and M. W. Chen We report nanoscale mechanical heterogeneity of a metallic glass characterized by dynamic force microscopy. Apparent energy dissipation with a variation of ∼12%, originating from nonuniform distribution of local viscoelasticity, was observed. The correlation length of the heterogeneity was measure... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 125504] Published Wed Mar 23, 2011
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Structure, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Correlation of atomic packing with the boson peak in amorphous alloys (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-27
    Description: Boson peaks (BP) have been observed from phonon specific heats in 10 studied amorphous alloys. Two Einstein-type vibration modes were proposed in this work and all data can be fitted well. By measuring and analyzing local atomic structures of studied amorphous alloys and 56 reported amorphous alloys, it is found that (a) the BP originates from local harmonic vibration modes associated with the lengths of short-range order (SRO) and medium-range order (MRO) in amorphous alloys, and (b) the atomic packing in amorphous alloys follows a universal scaling law, i.e., the ratios of SRO and MRO lengths to solvent atomic diameter are 3 and 7, respectively, which exact match with length ratios of BP vibration frequencies to Debye frequency for the studied amorphous alloys. This finding provides a new perspective for atomic packing in amorphous materials, and has significant implications for quantitative description of the local atomic orders and understanding the structure-property relationship.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 10
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    Human host factors required for influenza virus replication (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-12-23
    Description: Influenza A virus is an RNA virus that encodes up to 11 proteins and this small coding capacity demands that the virus use the host cellular machinery for many aspects of its life cycle. Knowledge of these host cell requirements not only informs us of the molecular pathways exploited by the virus but also provides further targets that could be pursued for antiviral drug development. Here we use an integrative systems approach, based on genome-wide RNA interference screening, to identify 295 cellular cofactors required for early-stage influenza virus replication. Within this group, those involved in kinase-regulated signalling, ubiquitination and phosphatase activity are the most highly enriched, and 181 factors assemble into a highly significant host-pathogen interaction network. Moreover, 219 of the 295 factors were confirmed to be required for efficient wild-type influenza virus growth, and further analysis of a subset of genes showed 23 factors necessary for viral entry, including members of the vacuolar ATPase (vATPase) and COPI-protein families, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) proteins, and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3)-beta. Furthermore, 10 proteins were confirmed to be involved in post-entry steps of influenza virus replication. These include nuclear import components, proteases, and the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) IIbeta (CAMK2B). Notably, growth of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus is also dependent on the identified host factors, and we show that small molecule inhibitors of several factors, including vATPase and CAMK2B, antagonize influenza virus replication.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2862546/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2862546/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Konig, Renate -- Stertz, Silke -- Zhou, Yingyao -- Inoue, Atsushi -- Hoffmann, H-Heinrich -- Bhattacharyya, Suchita -- Alamares, Judith G -- Tscherne, Donna M -- Ortigoza, Mila B -- Liang, Yuhong -- Gao, Qinshan -- Andrews, Shane E -- Bandyopadhyay, Sourav -- De Jesus, Paul -- Tu, Buu P -- Pache, Lars -- Shih, Crystal -- Orth, Anthony -- Bonamy, Ghislain -- Miraglia, Loren -- Ideker, Trey -- Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo -- Young, John A T -- Palese, Peter -- Shaw, Megan L -- Chanda, Sumit K -- 1 P01 AI058113/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 1 S10 RR0 9145-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- 1 T32 AI07647/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 1F32AI081428/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 1R21AI083673/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5R24 CA095823-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HHSN266200700010C/PHS HHS/ -- HHSN272200900032C/PHS HHS/ -- P01 AI058113/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI058113-010004/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI058113-020004/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI058113-030004/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI058113-040004/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI058113-050004/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-06/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-07/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-08/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-09/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007647-10/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007280/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI074539/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI074539-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI074539-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI074539-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI1074539/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057158/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057158-065713/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057159/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Feb 11;463(7282):813-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08699.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Burnham Institute for Medical Research.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20027183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Factors/*genetics/*physiology ; Cell Line ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Gene Library ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics/*physiology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/classification/growth & development ; Influenza A virus/classification/*growth & development ; Influenza, Human/*genetics/*virology ; RNA Interference ; Vero Cells ; Virus Internalization ; Virus Replication/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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