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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: A multi-model set of atmospheric simulations forced by historical sea surface temperature (SST) or SSTs plus Greenhouse gases and aerosol forcing agents for the period of 1950–1999 is studied to identify and understand which components of the Asian–Australian monsoon (A–AM) variability are forced and reproducible. The analysis focuses on the summertime monsoon circulations, comparing model results against the observations. The priority of different components of the A–AM circulations in terms of reproducibility is evaluated. Among the subsystems of the wide A–AM, the South Asian monsoon and the Australian monsoon circulations are better reproduced than the others, indicating they are forced and well modeled. The primary driving mechanism comes from the tropical Pacific. The western North Pacific monsoon circulation is also forced and well modeled except with a slightly lower reproducibility due to its delayed response to the eastern tropical Pacific forcing. The simultaneous driving comes from the western Pacific surrounding the maritime continent region. The Indian monsoon circulation has a moderate reproducibility, partly due to its weakened connection to June–July–August SSTs in the equatorial eastern Pacific in recent decades. Among the A–AM subsystems, the East Asian summer monsoon has the lowest reproducibility and is poorly modeled. This is mainly due to the failure of specifying historical SST in capturing the zonal land-sea thermal contrast change across the East Asia. The prescribed tropical Indian Ocean SST changes partly reproduce the meridional wind change over East Asia in several models. For all the A–AM subsystem circulation indices, generally the MME is always the best except for the Indian monsoon and East Asian monsoon circulation indices.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1051-1068
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: CLIVAR C20C ; Asian-Australian monsoon circulation ; AGCM ; Reproducibility ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A multi-model set of atmospheric simulations forced by historical sea surface temperature (SST) or SSTs plus Greenhouse gases and aerosol forcing agents for the period of 1950-1999 is studied to identify and understand which components of the Asian-Australian monsoon (A-AM) variability are forced and reproducible. The analysis focuses on the summertime monsoon circulations, comparing model results against the observations. The priority of different components of the A-AM circulations in terms of reproducibility is evaluated. Among the subsystems of the wide A-AM, the South Asian monsoon and the Australian monsoon circulations are better reproduced than the others, indicating they are forced and well modeled. The primary driving mechanism comes from the tropical Pacific. The western North Pacific monsoon circulation is also forced and well modeled except with a slightly lower reproducibility due to its delayed response to the eastern tropical Pacific forcing. The simultaneous driving comes from the western Pacific surrounding the maritime continent region. The Indian monsoon circulation has a moderate reproducibility, partly due to its weakened connection to June-July-August SSTs in the equatorial eastern Pacific in recent decades. Among the A-AM subsystems, the East Asian summer monsoon has the lowest reproducibility and is poorly modeled. This is mainly due to the failure of specifying historical SST in capturing the zonal land-sea thermal contrast change across the East Asia. The prescribed tropical Indian Ocean SST changes partly reproduce the meridional wind change over East Asia in several models. For all the A-AM subsystem circulation indices, generally the MME is always the best except for the Indian monsoon and East Asian monsoon circulation indices.
    Description: Submitted
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: monsoon ; AGCM ; CLIVAR C20C ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: manuscript
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2018-02-09
    Description: Nipponopius glabricaudatus sp. n. from Shaanxi and Ningxia (NW China) is described and illustrated (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae). A key to the species of Nipponopius Fischer, 1963, is added and for the first time the male is described and illustrated. The genus is reported for the second time from outside Japan and is new for China. The position of Nipponopius Fischer is discussed and it is accepted as a valid genus.
    Keywords: Braconidae ; Opiinae ; Nipponopius ; new species ; Palaearctic ; China ; Shaanxi ; Ningxia, ; Japan
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Nipponopius glabricaudatus sp. n. from Shaanxi and Ningxia (NW China) is described and illustrated (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae). A key to the species of Nipponopius Fischer, 1963, is added and for the first time the male is described and illustrated. The genus is reported for the second time from outside Japan and is new for China. The position of Nipponopius Fischer is discussed and it is accepted as a valid genus.
    Keywords: Braconidae ; Opiinae ; Nipponopius ; new species ; Palaearctic ; China ; Shaanxi ; Ningxia, ; Japan
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 7372-7375 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A comparison of Si doping behavior in GaAs layers on (110) and (001) surfaces under the same growth conditions shows that the autocompensation ratio in (110) layers is usually higher than in (001) layers. However, under certain conditions (low substrate temperature, high As4 pressure, and low Si flux), the free electron concentration in the (110) layers can actually be higher. We attribute this behavior to Ga vacancy traps in the (001) surface layers; whereas layers on the (110) surface remain almost defect free. Our results help to clarify the mechanism of defect generation in the (001) layers, which leads to reduced carrier concentration at low growth temperatures. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1062-1064 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Monoclinic Ga2O3 nanobelts and nanosheets are obtained by a simple chemical route involved with H2O at 950 °C in Ar atmosphere. Electron microscopy observations reveal that the as-synthesized Ga2O3 nanobelts and nanosheets are structurally uniform, single crystalline, and most of them are free of defects and dislocations. The nanobelts are growing along with [001] facets, and the nanosheets are stacked up by (011) facets. The Raman scattering spectrum of Ga2O3 nanostructures shows a 30 cm−1 redshift at high wave numbers in comparison with that of bulk Ga2O3 powder. The photoluminescence spectrum reveals that there exists a stable blue emission band centered at 460 nm, which is mainly attributed to the oxygen vacancies in the Ga2O3 nanostructures. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 8412-8418 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron beam induced current variations in images of strain relaxed epitaxial Si/Si(Ge)/Si wafers deliberately contaminated with nickel from the backside are reported for different contamination levels. Strong recombination contrast due to NiSi2 precipitates was observed both at the top Si surface and along buried interfacial misfit dislocations. A surface conductivity inversion from n to p type was obtained for the high level Ni contaminated sample. A theoretical analysis based on the presence of a surface potential due either to a metal-silicon Schottky contact, or to the accumulation of charged traps is used to explain the observed effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3853-3857 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The characteristics of the spatial distribution of Ar glow discharge plasma were experimentally investigated. By means of direct comparisons between theory and experiment, the effects of the variation of gap separation, gas pressure, and electrode radius on the spatial distributions of electron density and electric field were studied. Results indicate that the maximum electron density moves toward the cathode as the gap separation or gas pressure increases while variation of electrode radius produces little effect. Predictions from a theoretical model have been experimentally verified. General agreements between theory and experiment were found to be reasonably good except in the cathode region, where discrepancy exists. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 12 (2000), S. 335-344 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using a combination of a transverse vorticity (ω3) probe and a pair of parallel cold wires, simultaneous approximations, denoted as εap and εθap, to the energy dissipation rate ε and the temperature variance dissipation rate εθ, are obtained in decaying grid turbulence at a Taylor microscale Reynolds number of about 52. While there are important differences between the spectra of either εap or εθap and those of their isotropic counterparts ε′ and εθ′, the correlation between εap and εθap is as small as that between ε′ and εθ′. The large discrepancies, which exist in the literature, for the correlation coefficient between the locally averaged values of ε and εθ reflect a dependence on the flow type as well as on the Reynolds number. Whereas εap is strongly correlated with ω32, the correlation between ε′ and ω32 is weak. The correlation between εθap and ω32 is comparable to that between εθ′ and ω32. The effect different choices of ε and εθ have on the refined similarity hypothesis (RSH) (Kolmogorov, 1962) and its extension (RSHP) to a passive scalar is also examined. By reference to a nearly complete ε obtained with a three-component vorticity probe, RSH is more closely satisfied by εap than ε′. In contrast, RSHP appears to be approximately satisfied, regardless of which approximations are used for ε and εθ. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 12 (2000), S. 3086-3089 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Accounting for the streamwise inhomogeneity of turbulence in Kolmogorov's equation for the third-order moment of the velocity increment between two points allows compliance with two important classical results. These are retrieved when the separation between the points either exceeds the integral length scale or becomes comparable to the Kolmogorov length scale. In the context of decaying grid turbulence, the results correspond to the mean turbulent energy equation and the Batchelor–Townsend equation for the decay of the mean-squared vorticity. Analogous results are obtained when the streamwise inhomogeneity is included in Yaglom's equation. The form of the inhomogeneous term is illustrated and discussed in the context of measurements in a turbulent grid flow. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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