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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The inhomogeneity of tissue structure greatly affects the sensitivity of tissue oxygenation measurement by reflectance near-infrared spectroscopy. In this study, we investigated the influence of a fat layer on muscle oxygenation measurement by in vivo tests and Monte Carlo simulation, and we propose a method for correcting the influence. In the simulation, a three-dimensional model consisting of the epidermis, dermis, fat, and muscle layers was used. In in vivo tests, measurement sensitivity was examined by measuring oxygen consumption of the forearm muscle and the peak-to-peak variation of oxygenation in periodic exercise tests on the vastus lateralis using a newly developed multisensor type of tissue oximeter. Fat layer thickness was also measured by ultrasonography. The correction curve of measurement sensitivity against fat layer thickness was obtained from the results of simulation and in vivo tests. The values of corrected oxygen consumption were almost the same and had less variation between individuals (0.13±0.02 ml 100 g−1 min−1) than did the uncorrected values (0.08±0.04 ml 100 g−1 min−1). © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 330-332 (Feb. 2007), p. 1101-1104 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A novel collagen sponge that can protect cell leakage during cell seeding was developedby wrapping all the surfaces except the upside of a collagen sponge with membrane that has poressmaller than cell. The collagen sponge was used for three-dimensional culture of human bonemarrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The cells adhered to the collagen, andproliferated to fill the spaces in the sponge. The cell seeding efficiency was higher than 95%. TheMSCs cultured in the collagen sponge in the chondrogenic induction medium supplemented withTGF-β3 and BMP6 expressed genes encoding type II collagen, SOX9 and aggrecan. HE stainingindicated the round morphology of differentiated cells and the extracelluler matrices werepositively stained by safranin O and toluidine blue. Type II collagen and cartilage proteoglycanwere detected by immunostaining with anti-type II collagen and anti-cartilage proteoglycan. Theseresults suggest the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. The collagen sponge facilitated cellseeding and chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, and will be useful for cartilage tissueengineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 14 (1976), S. 653-659 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Acoustics ; Pneumograph ; Tidal volume ; Thoracic impedance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire Un son de 200 Hz élaboré par un générateur d'ondes sinusoïdales a été utilisé pour surveiller la respiration. On a fait passer le son de la bouche au poumon, et le son émis a été détecté à travers la cage thoracique par un microphone de phonocardiogramme installé sur la paroi de la poitrine. La tension de sortie du microphone, représentée par sa valeur moyenne absolue, a varié en fonction de la respiration du sujet. Par rapport au volume aspiratoire ou expiratoire des gaz obtenus par une méthode classique, on a démontré que la variation de la sortie était proportionnelle à la modification du volume des gaz pulmonaires. Notre pneumographe acoustique nous a permis de mesurer non seulement les changements dans le volume des gaz pulmonaires, mais aussi la variation du niveau expiratoire terminal. On a examiné aussi les mécanismes des variations de la sortie et la linéarité du dispositif.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Ein Ton von 200 Hz von einem Sinuswellen-Generator wurde zur überwachung der Atmung verwendet. Der Ton wurde vom Mund in die Lunge geleitet, und das übertragene Geräusch wurde durch den Brustkorb über ein Phonokardiogramm-Mikrofon abgehört, das auf die Brustkorbwand gelegt wurde. Die Ausgangsspannung des Mikrofons, die durch ihren absoluten Mittelwert dargestellt wurde, änderte sich mit der Atmung des Patienten. Verglichen mit dem Gasvolumen bei der Einatmung oder Ausatmung, das durch ein konventionelles Verfahren erhalten wurde, zeigte es sich, daß die Änderung in der Ausgangsspannung proportional zur Änderung des Lungengasvolumens war. Mit unserem akustischen Pneumographen war es möglich, nicht nur die Änderung im Lungengasvolumen zu messen, sondern auch die Äanderung in der Stärke der Endausatmung. Der Mechanismus der Äanderungen in der Ausgangsspannung und die Linearität dieses Geräts wurden ebenfalls überprüft.
    Notes: Abstract A 200 Hz tone from a sinewave generator was utilised to monitor respiration. The sound was led into the lung from the mouth and the transmitted sound was detected through the thoracic cage by a phonocardiogram microphone fixed on the chest wall. The microphone output voltage, represented by its absolute mean value, varied with the respiration of the subject. Compared with the inspiratory or expiratory gas volume obtained by a conventional method, it was shown that the variation in the output was proportional to the change in pulmonary gas volume. With our acoustic pneumograph, it was possible to measure not only the change in pulmonary gas volume but also the variation in the end-expiratory level. The mechanisms of the changes in the output and the linearity of this device were also examined.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2000-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2009-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0006-3495
    Electronic ISSN: 1542-0086
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Published by Cell Press
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