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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A two-dimensional electrophoresis database of human breast epithelial cell proteins (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 18 (1997), S. 573-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; Proteins ; Breast, human ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As sequencing of the human genome progresses, attention is turning to when and where specific genes are being expressed and how that expression is regulated. The human breast, with the highly specific, but transient, function of milk production (lactation), exemplifies human gene regulation. The molecular mechanisms for the dramatic structural and functional changes involved in shifting from lactation-capable to lactation-incapable tissue are poorly understood, as are the mechanisms that result in deviation from normal breast cell growth into different types of breast neoplasms. We are using quantitative two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) to determine which proteins are present in different types of human breast cells (milk-producing and -nonproducing, estrogen-receptor-positive and -negative, normal and malignant) and which proteins change in abundance in response to stimuli that trigger cell differentiation, growth, or death. A composite map of proteins found in human breast cells is being generated and used as an index of human genes that are differentially expressed, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Proteins found in 15 different types of human breast cells, two from healthy tissue (from milk and reduction mammoplasty tissue) and 13 from tumor tissue, are now included in the composite map. Copies of the human breast epithelial cell protein map are available on the World Wide Web (URL: www.anl.gov/CMB/PMG/projects/index_hbreast.html) with links to quantitative data and identifications for proteins found to be differentially expressed in these epithelial cells. Links to the Swiss-Prot and enzyme metabolic pathway databases are also provided. The World Wide Web presentation is designed to allow public access to the available 2-DE data together with logical connections to databases providing genome-related information.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150180340
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of carbamylated charge standards for testing batches of ampholytes used in two- dimensional electrophoresis (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 2 (1981), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method of testing batches of ampholytes is presented. By using carbamylated charges standards to co-electrophorese with the protein sample in the first-dimension isoelectric focusing gel, one can monitor, after running and staining the second-dimension sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) slabs gel, the continuity of the pH gradient. Charge standards can also be used to check the reproducibility of the pH gradient among batches of ampholytes and to modify the new batch with a small amount of a narrow range ampholyte to assure reproducibility of experiments. Ampholytes for comparison were obtained from three major manufacturers.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150020306
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative reproducibility of measurements from Coomassie Blue-stained two-dimensional gels: Analysis of mouse liver protein patterns and a comparison of BALB/c and C57 strains (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 6 (1985), S. 592-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the ISO-DALT system for two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis and the TYCHO system for computer analysis of the resulting protein maps, we obtained high quality quantitative protein abundance data from Coomassie Brilliant Bluestained gels of mouse liver samples. High resolution gels allow more than 100 proteins to be measured with coefficients of variation less than 15 %. A comparison of results from two mouse strains (C57BL/6 and BALB/c) and the cross between them (BCF1) shows that a large number of qutive polymorphisms can be detected, and that, as expected, the amount of protein produced in the heterozygote is intermediate between the parental values. The system described is shown to be capable of reliably detecting decreases in protein abundance such as those expected to result from radiation-induced deletion of one copy of a gene. The implications of these results for the study of gene regulation are discussed in relation to applications in genetics, toxicology, and differentiation.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150061205
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of aroclor 1254 on proteins of mouse liver: Application of two-dimensional electrophoretic protein mapping (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 7 (1986), S. 44-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Liver proteins of male C57BL/6T mice treated with 0, 50, or 250 mg/kg Aroclor 1254 were analyzed by high-resolution two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis. The resulting patterns were processed using a computerized image analysis system and quantitative data selected for a total of 150 protein spots. On the basis of an analysis of liver proteins form five animals in each treatment group, we found 31 proteins that showed quantitative differences attributable to treatment with chlorinated hydrocarbons at a high level of statistical significance. One of the altered proteins appears to be Mitcon:2, a heat-shock sensitive mitochondrial matrix polypeptide; another appears likely to be microsomal cytochrome b5. The results indicate that quantitative 2-D protein mapping may reveal much more detail regarding the in vivo effects of toxic xenobiotics than has previously been available, and thus allow a more informative approach to the testing of toxic compounds.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150070106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitation of human leukocyte proteins after silver staining: A study with two-dimensional electrophoresis (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 12 (1991), S. 536-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The quantitative attributes of human leukocyte proteins detected by silver staining two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gels were studied by using computerassisted data analysis. Experiments included (a) analysis of replicate patterns of the same sample, (b) analysis of different dilutions of the same sample, and (c) analysis of samples from different individuals. Over 200 proteins were observed to have coefficients of variation (CV) less than or equal to 15 % when data from replicate patterns were analyzed. In contrast, 8 proteins had CV values of less than or equal to 15 % when data from different samples were analyzed. The dilution experiment showed that a majority of the proteins detected with some consistency (i.e., observed in at least 80 % of the patterns) have a linear relationship between the amount of protein loaded onto a 2-DE gel and the spot volume in the final 2-DE pattern. The slope of the curves and the deviation from linearity were found to be quite protein-specific. These results indicate that optimization of sample purity and minimization of staining protocol variables are required to limit the background quantitative variability between and within 2-DE runs to a level that will allow detection of quantitative changes indicative of biological responses.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150120713
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mouse liver protein database: A catalog of proteins detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 13 (1992), S. 970-991 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Alterations in the abundance or structure of mouse liver proteins are being studied using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) to build a database of protein changes correlating with exposure to ionizing radiation or toxic chemicals. Thus far, studies have included the analysis of proteins from the offspring of exposed parents or from the exposed individuals themselves. In order to characterize and identify proteins found altered by such exposures, sex- and strain-related differences in protein patterns have been analyzed, and the subcellular locations of a large portion of the mapped proteins have been determined. As part of these studies, data are collected and stored using a variety of computer hardware and software tools that allow the accumulation of information on the origin of samples, gel identification, experiment description, and protein similarities and differences. This accumulation of information constitutes the mouse liver protein database. Relational database software is used to tie the different facets of the data-base together so that the results of a variety of experiments can be compared and interrelated. The database optimizes the information obtained from 2-DE gel sets by allowing use of the data for many purposes, including monitoring of gel resolution to ensure the collection of high quality data and correlation of protein effects induced by different agents. This first edition of the Argonne National Laboratory mouse liver protein database lays the foundation for future work and communication that should elucidate the significance of observed protein effects as possible markers of exposure to toxic agents.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501301200
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of proteins from human breast epithelial cells using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 16 (1995), S. 1215-1224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; Proteins ; Breast ; Human breast epithelial cells ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The human breast is a highly specialized, complex tissue comprised of a heterogeneous population of cells with varying functions. Interactions between the different cell types, changes in their relative abundance, state of differentiation and function in response to stimuli, as well as the alterations that lead to the aberrant growth associated with malignancy are poorly understood. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is being used to compare the proteins found in different breast cells in order to identify the gene products that are common or specific to particular cell types so as to provide markers that will be useful in studies of normal breast cell differentiation and the dedifferentiation or blocked differentiation characteristic of cancer. Protein patterns have been obtained from cells prepared for electrophoresis immediately after isolation from human milk, from cells cultured for fewer than ten passages after isolation from healthy breast tissue removed during reduction mammoplasty, and from cells maintained in long-term tissue culture after isolation from the pleural effusions of patients with breast carcinomas. Differential expression of cytokeratins 8, 18, and 19, shown previously to be predominantly expressed by epithelial cells in the luminal layer of breast tissue, was observed among the cells analyzed. Other non-cytokeratin proteins were also found to be differentially expressed in subsets of both the normal and tumor cells. A composite human breast cell protein pattern was created which includes all the commonly and specifically expressed proteins found in this study. This pattern will be the basis for continuing studies of proteins in the human breast.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501601202
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of liver protein changes in mice and hamsters treated with the peroxisome proliferator Wy-14,643 (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 19 (1998), S. 2498-2505 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Two-dimensional electrophoresis ; Liver proteins ; Hamster ; Mouse ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Interspecies differences in the liver response to Wy-14,643, a potent peroxisome proliferator in rats and mice, have been demonstrated. While both rats and mice show dramatic increases in the number of peroxisomes, the activity of peroxisomal enzymes involved in the β-oxidation of fatty acids, and heptocyte replication, Syrian hamsters have a more moderate peroxisome proliferation response and no sustained increase in cell replication. Rats and mice, but not hamsters, develop hepatocellular carcinoma after prolonged exposure to Wy-14,643. To further characterize this species difference, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) has been used to compare the effect of 14-day exposure to various dietary concentrations of Wy-14,643 on liver protein expression in male mice and hamsters. Digitized images of the 2-DE protein maps were searched for significant changes. The peroxisome bifunctional enzyme (PBE) enoyl CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase, which migrates to the same position in mouse and hamster liver protein 2-DE patterns, increased in abundance by more than three times the control level in both mice and hamsters. In addition to the quantitative change in PBE, significant quantitative changes (P 〈 0.001) were found in 49 mouse liver proteins (47 decreasing and 2 increasing) and in 35 hamster liver proteins (27 decreasing and 8 increasing). There was little overlap in the mouse and hamster proteins showing quantitative changes in response to Wy-14,643, with the exception of PBE and one unidentified liver protein with an approximate molecular weight of 50 000. These results show that although peroxisome proliferation occurs in the livers of both mice and hamsters exposed to Wy-14,643, other species-specific changes in proteins occur that are independent of the peroxisome proliferation response and that could be related to species-specific susceptibility or resistance to liver tumor induction.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150191424
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  • 9
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    Global Proteomic Analysis of the Chromate Response inArthrobactersp. Strain FB24 (2009)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-03
    Print ISSN: 1535-3893
    Electronic ISSN: 1535-3907
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 10
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    Expression of a Highly Toxic Protein, Bax, in Escherichia coli by Attachment of a Leader Peptide Derived from the GroES Cochaperone (2001)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-08-01
    Print ISSN: 1046-5928
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0279
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Elsevier
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