ALBERT

Description: The Stardust spacecraft collected thousands of particles from comet 81P/Wild 2 and returned them to Earth for laboratory study. The preliminary examination of these samples shows that the nonvolatile portion of the comet is an unequilibrated assortment of materials that have both presolar and solar system origin. The comet contains an abundance of silicate grains that are much larger than predictions of interstellar grain models, and many of these are high-temperature minerals that appear to have formed in the inner regions of the solar nebula. Their presence in a comet proves that the formation of the solar system included mixing on the grandest scales.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brownlee, Don -- Tsou, Peter -- Aleon, Jerome -- Alexander, Conel M O'd -- Araki, Tohru -- Bajt, Sasa -- Baratta, Giuseppe A -- Bastien, Ron -- Bland, Phil -- Bleuet, Pierre -- Borg, Janet -- Bradley, John P -- Brearley, Adrian -- Brenker, F -- Brennan, Sean -- Bridges, John C -- Browning, Nigel D -- Brucato, John R -- Bullock, E -- Burchell, Mark J -- Busemann, Henner -- Butterworth, Anna -- Chaussidon, Marc -- Cheuvront, Allan -- Chi, Miaofang -- Cintala, Mark J -- Clark, B C -- Clemett, Simon J -- Cody, George -- Colangeli, Luigi -- Cooper, George -- Cordier, Patrick -- Daghlian, C -- Dai, Zurong -- D'Hendecourt, Louis -- Djouadi, Zahia -- Dominguez, Gerardo -- Duxbury, Tom -- Dworkin, Jason P -- Ebel, Denton S -- Economou, Thanasis E -- Fakra, Sirine -- Fairey, Sam A J -- Fallon, Stewart -- Ferrini, Gianluca -- Ferroir, T -- Fleckenstein, Holger -- Floss, Christine -- Flynn, George -- Franchi, Ian A -- Fries, Marc -- Gainsforth, Z -- Gallien, J-P -- Genge, Matt -- Gilles, Mary K -- Gillet, Philipe -- Gilmour, Jamie -- Glavin, Daniel P -- Gounelle, Matthieu -- Grady, Monica M -- Graham, Giles A -- Grant, P G -- Green, Simon F -- Grossemy, Faustine -- Grossman, Lawrence -- Grossman, Jeffrey N -- Guan, Yunbin -- Hagiya, Kenji -- Harvey, Ralph -- Heck, Philipp -- Herzog, Gregory F -- Hoppe, Peter -- Horz, Friedrich -- Huth, Joachim -- Hutcheon, Ian D -- Ignatyev, Konstantin -- Ishii, Hope -- Ito, Motoo -- Jacob, Damien -- Jacobsen, Chris -- Jacobsen, Stein -- Jones, Steven -- Joswiak, David -- Jurewicz, Amy -- Kearsley, Anton T -- Keller, Lindsay P -- Khodja, H -- Kilcoyne, A L David -- Kissel, Jochen -- Krot, Alexander -- Langenhorst, Falko -- Lanzirotti, Antonio -- Le, Loan -- Leshin, Laurie A -- Leitner, J -- Lemelle, L -- Leroux, Hugues -- Liu, Ming-Chang -- Luening, K -- Lyon, Ian -- Macpherson, Glen -- Marcus, Matthew A -- Marhas, Kuljeet -- Marty, Bernard -- Matrajt, Graciela -- McKeegan, Kevin -- Meibom, Anders -- Mennella, Vito -- Messenger, Keiko -- Messenger, Scott -- Mikouchi, Takashi -- Mostefaoui, Smail -- Nakamura, Tomoki -- Nakano, T -- Newville, M -- Nittler, Larry R -- Ohnishi, Ichiro -- Ohsumi, Kazumasa -- Okudaira, Kyoko -- Papanastassiou, Dimitri A -- Palma, Russ -- Palumbo, Maria E -- Pepin, Robert O -- Perkins, David -- Perronnet, Murielle -- Pianetta, P -- Rao, William -- Rietmeijer, Frans J M -- Robert, Francois -- Rost, D -- Rotundi, Alessandra -- Ryan, Robert -- Sandford, Scott A -- Schwandt, Craig S -- See, Thomas H -- Schlutter, Dennis -- Sheffield-Parker, J -- Simionovici, Alexandre -- Simon, Steven -- Sitnitsky, I -- Snead, Christopher J -- Spencer, Maegan K -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Steele, Andrew -- Stephan, Thomas -- Stroud, Rhonda -- Susini, Jean -- Sutton, S R -- Suzuki, Y -- Taheri, Mitra -- Taylor, Susan -- Teslich, Nick -- Tomeoka, Kazu -- Tomioka, Naotaka -- Toppani, Alice -- Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M -- Troadec, David -- Tsuchiyama, Akira -- Tuzzolino, Anthony J -- Tyliszczak, Tolek -- Uesugi, K -- Velbel, Michael -- Vellenga, Joe -- Vicenzi, E -- Vincze, L -- Warren, Jack -- Weber, Iris -- Weisberg, Mike -- Westphal, Andrew J -- Wirick, Sue -- Wooden, Diane -- Wopenka, Brigitte -- Wozniakiewicz, Penelope -- Wright, Ian -- Yabuta, Hikaru -- Yano, Hajime -- Young, Edward D -- Zare, Richard N -- Zega, Thomas -- Ziegler, Karen -- Zimmerman, Laurent -- Zinner, Ernst -- Zolensky, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1711-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. brownlee@astro.washington.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: The bulk of the comet 81P/Wild 2 (hereafter Wild 2) samples returned to Earth by the Stardust spacecraft appear to be weakly constructed mixtures of nanometer-scale grains, with occasional much larger (over 1 micrometer) ferromagnesian silicates, Fe-Ni sulfides, Fe-Ni metal, and accessory phases. The very wide range of olivine and low-Ca pyroxene compositions in comet Wild 2 requires a wide range of formation conditions, probably reflecting very different formation locations in the protoplanetary disk. The restricted compositional ranges of Fe-Ni sulfides, the wide range for silicates, and the absence of hydrous phases indicate that comet Wild 2 experienced little or no aqueous alteration. Less abundant Wild 2 materials include a refractory particle, whose presence appears to require radial transport in the early protoplanetary disk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zolensky, Michael E -- Zega, Thomas J -- Yano, Hajime -- Wirick, Sue -- Westphal, Andrew J -- Weisberg, Mike K -- Weber, Iris -- Warren, Jack L -- Velbel, Michael A -- Tsuchiyama, Akira -- Tsou, Peter -- Toppani, Alice -- Tomioka, Naotaka -- Tomeoka, Kazushige -- Teslich, Nick -- Taheri, Mitra -- Susini, Jean -- Stroud, Rhonda -- Stephan, Thomas -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Snead, Christopher J -- Simon, Steven B -- Simionovici, Alexandre -- See, Thomas H -- Robert, Francois -- Rietmeijer, Frans J M -- Rao, William -- Perronnet, Murielle C -- Papanastassiou, Dimitri A -- Okudaira, Kyoko -- Ohsumi, Kazumasa -- Ohnishi, Ichiro -- Nakamura-Messenger, Keiko -- Nakamura, Tomoki -- Mostefaoui, Smail -- Mikouchi, Takashi -- Meibom, Anders -- Matrajt, Graciela -- Marcus, Matthew A -- Leroux, Hugues -- Lemelle, Laurence -- Le, Loan -- Lanzirotti, Antonio -- Langenhorst, Falko -- Krot, Alexander N -- Keller, Lindsay P -- Kearsley, Anton T -- Joswiak, David -- Jacob, Damien -- Ishii, Hope -- Harvey, Ralph -- Hagiya, Kenji -- Grossman, Lawrence -- Grossman, Jeffrey N -- Graham, Giles A -- Gounelle, Matthieu -- Gillet, Philippe -- Genge, Matthew J -- Flynn, George -- Ferroir, Tristan -- Fallon, Stewart -- Fakra, Sirine -- Ebel, Denton S -- Dai, Zu Rong -- Cordier, Patrick -- Clark, Benton -- Chi, Miaofang -- Butterworth, Anna L -- Brownlee, Donald E -- Bridges, John C -- Brennan, Sean -- Brearley, Adrian -- Bradley, John P -- Bleuet, Pierre -- Bland, Phil A -- Bastien, Ron -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1735-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA. michael.e.zolensky@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170295" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: We measured the elemental compositions of material from 23 particles in aerogel and from residue in seven craters in aluminum foil that was collected during passage of the Stardust spacecraft through the coma of comet 81P/Wild 2. These particles are chemically heterogeneous at the largest size scale analyzed ( approximately 180 ng). The mean elemental composition of this Wild 2 material is consistent with the CI meteorite composition, which is thought to represent the bulk composition of the solar system, for the elements Mg, Si, Mn, Fe, and Ni to 35%, and for Ca and Ti to 60%. The elements Cu, Zn, and Ga appear enriched in this Wild 2 material, which suggests that the CI meteorites may not represent the solar system composition for these moderately volatile minor elements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flynn, George J -- Bleuet, Pierre -- Borg, Janet -- Bradley, John P -- Brenker, Frank E -- Brennan, Sean -- Bridges, John -- Brownlee, Don E -- Bullock, Emma S -- Burghammer, Manfred -- Clark, Benton C -- Dai, Zu Rong -- Daghlian, Charles P -- Djouadi, Zahia -- Fakra, Sirine -- Ferroir, Tristan -- Floss, Christine -- Franchi, Ian A -- Gainsforth, Zack -- Gallien, Jean-Paul -- Gillet, Philippe -- Grant, Patrick G -- Graham, Giles A -- Green, Simon F -- Grossemy, Faustine -- Heck, Philipp R -- Herzog, Gregory F -- Hoppe, Peter -- Horz, Friedrich -- Huth, Joachim -- Ignatyev, Konstantin -- Ishii, Hope A -- Janssens, Koen -- Joswiak, David -- Kearsley, Anton T -- Khodja, Hicham -- Lanzirotti, Antonio -- Leitner, Jan -- Lemelle, Laurence -- Leroux, Hugues -- Luening, Katharina -- Macpherson, Glenn J -- Marhas, Kuljeet K -- Marcus, Matthew A -- Matrajt, Graciela -- Nakamura, Tomoki -- Nakamura-Messenger, Keiko -- Nakano, Tsukasa -- Newville, Matthew -- Papanastassiou, Dimitri A -- Pianetta, Piero -- Rao, William -- Riekel, Christian -- Rietmeijer, Frans J M -- Rost, Detlef -- Schwandt, Craig S -- See, Thomas H -- Sheffield-Parker, Julie -- Simionovici, Alexandre -- Sitnitsky, Ilona -- Snead, Christopher J -- Stadermann, Frank J -- Stephan, Thomas -- Stroud, Rhonda M -- Susini, Jean -- Suzuki, Yoshio -- Sutton, Stephen R -- Taylor, Susan -- Teslich, Nick -- Troadec, D -- Tsou, Peter -- Tsuchiyama, Akira -- Uesugi, Kentaro -- Vekemans, Bart -- Vicenzi, Edward P -- Vincze, Laszlo -- Westphal, Andrew J -- Wozniakiewicz, Penelope -- Zinner, Ernst -- Zolensky, Michael E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1731-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, State University of New York at Plattsburgh, 101 Broad Street, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USA. george.flynn@plattsburgh.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17170294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉