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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative measurement of the stress transfer function in nickel/polyimide thin film/copper thin film structures (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 22-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The stress transfer behavior in multilayer thin film structures (nickel/polyimide/copper) was measured using x-ray stress analysis. Copper was deposited in various line lengths, and the stress/strain transferred from a loaded Ni substrate to the Cu thin film was measured as a function of line length. It was found that there is incomplete strain transfer from one layer to another, and that the shape of the stress transfer function is similar to that predicted by the shear lag model. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114168
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Load transfer in carbon nanotube epoxy composites (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 3842-3844 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The mechanical behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotube/epoxy composites was studied in both tension and compression. It was found that the compression modulus is higher than the tensile modulus, indicating that load transfer to the nanotubes in the composite is much higher in compression. In addition, it was found that the Raman peak position, indicating the strain in the carbon bonds under loading, shifts significantly under compression but not in tension. It is proposed that during load transfer to multiwalled nanotubes, only the outer layers are stressed in tension whereas all the layers respond in compression. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122911
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interfacial studies on carbon/thermoplastic model composites using laser Raman spectroscopy (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 1663-1671 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Interfacial studies were carried out on a model composite system consisting of a short carbon fibre embedded in a polycarbonate matrix. While the composite was being strained, the local strain along the fibre was monitored using a Raman spectroscopic technique. The residual compressive strain in the fibre due to fabrication was found to be −0.45%. Subsequent loading of the composite up to 0.55% in tension resulted in a complex stress field consisting of tension at the fibre ends and compression in the middle of the fibre. The fibre strain at different levels of applied load was converted to interfacial shear stress (ISS) distribution along the fibre by employing a simple equilibrium analysis. The shape of the ISS profiles indicated a predominantly frictional type of load transfer from the matrix to the fibre. Finally, the maximum ISS value of 15 MPa was found to be unaffected by the amount of strain experienced by the composite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542931
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residual Compression Stress Profile in High-Modulus Carbon Fiber Embedded in Isotactic Polypropylene by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy (2000)
    Springer
    Applied composite materials 7 (2000), S. 209-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4897
    Keywords: compressive fragmentation ; interfacial shear stress ; polypropylene ; polymer composite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the compressive fragmentation process and the interface behavior in ultra high modulus (UHM) (750 GPa Modulus) pitch-based graphite/polypropylene composites upon cooling from processing temperature to room temperature. It is found that bulging is the primary mechanism of failure in these fibers, and Raman peak position measurements show that not all visually detected features represent real fiber failure. However, at real break locations, the fiber strain is found to drop to zero.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008956929081
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interphase behaviour in graphite-thermoplastic monofilament composites (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 4024-4034 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The role of the fibre-matrix interphase in transferring load from the matrix to the fibre in graphite-thermoplastic composites is not well understood. The goal of this work was to alter the interphase of graphite-thermoplastic monofilament composites in a controlled manner by treating the fibre surface, and then correlating fibre surface morphology, fibre surface energy, fibre strength, and matrix properties with interphase behaviour. A monofilament composite system was employed to study the fibre-matrix interphase because fibre-fibre interaction and processing variability are eliminated. A fragmentation method was used to observe the interphase behaviour of the monofilament composites indirectly by measuring the interphase shear stress, a parameter which governs the load transfer from the matrix to the fibre. It was found that the improvement in the ability of the interphase to transfer load from the matrix to the fibre increased with the severity of the treatment and was due primarily to increased micromechanical locking (increased surface roughness). Debonding at the interphase occurred along either the fibre-matrix interphase (in the composites with a tough matrix) or perpendicular to the fibre (in composites with a weaker matrix, and a strong interphase). Thus the matrix properties, by limiting the properties of the composite, strongly influenced the value of improving the interphase properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01105100
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interphase behaviour in graphite-thermoplastic monofilament composites (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 4035-4044 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The fatigue properties of continuous filament composites are dependent on the fibre-matrix interphase behaviour, specifically the ability of the interphase to transfer load durably from the matrix to the fibre, and the energy dissipated in the interphase during crack growth. Although there has been a large effort to understand interphase behaviour in order to tailor the interphase for specific bulk composite properties, the basic role of the interphase in cyclic fatigue is not well understood. A monofilament composite system of a carbon fibre in a thermoplastic matrix was employed to study the behaviour of the fibre/matrix interphase during cycling because fibre/fibre interaction and processing variability are eliminated. The effects of cyclic loading direction, frequency and amplitude were studied with an optical fragmentation technique. Damage was characterized by fibre-matrix debonding, a reduction of the average interphase shear stress determined by the fragmentation test, and changes in the locus of failure as determined by SEM fractography. It was found that the integrity of the interphase was matrix dominated, and frequency dependent, and was not affected by the initial strength of the interphase when the cyclic loading was transverse to the fibre direction. When the composite was subjected to axial cyclic loading, the damage was dominated by the strength of the fibre until the fibre failed. After fibre failure, the subsequent damage was matrix dominated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01105101
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibre interactions in two-dimensional composites by micro-Raman spectroscopy (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 31 (1996), S. 1165-1173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In the study of fracture processes in composite materials, the interactions between broken and intact fibres are of critical importance. Indeed, the redistribution of stress from a failed fibre to its unfailed adjacent neighbours, and the stress concentration induced in these, determine the extent to which a break in one fibre will cause more breaks in neighbouring fibres. The overall failure pattern is a direct function of the stress concentration factors. In this paper we use laser micro-Raman spectroscopy to study the extent of stress transfer and redistribution caused by fibre fracture in two-dimensional Kevlar 149 based microcomposites. The strain along the fibres was mapped at different levels of load, and specimens with different inter-fibre distances were used to study the fibre content effect. The experimental stress concentration factors were compared with values predicted from various theoretical models. The stress concentration factors generally agreed with those literature models that include interfibre distance and matrix effects. The overall failure pattern was found not to be a direct function of the stress concentration factors in this system, as fracture propagates from fibre to fibre even at large interfibre distances, and is apparently accompanied by relatively low values of the stress concentration factors. The ‘critical cluster size’, beyond which final fracture of the composite occurs in a catastrophic manner, was found to be larger than five adjacent fibre breaks in the present system, for all interfibre distances studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353095
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental determination of the strain transfer across a flexible intermediate layer in thin-film structures (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (1992), S. 1067-1069 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00729763
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acoustic emission in single filament carbon/polycarbonate and Kevlar®/olycarbonate composites under tensile deformation (1990)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 11 (1990), S. 211-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: An analysis of envelope signals of acoustic emission (AE) produced from carbon/polycarbonate and Kevlar®/polycarbonate composites undergoing tensile deformation has been carried out to identify the sources of emission. The Kaiser effect was reproduced to validate the AE technique. Two different fiber failure mechanisms, i.e., fiber fracture and fiber degradation in Kevlar®/polycarbonate composite have been identified. A one-to-one correspondence between acoustic emission signals and fiber fracture and degradation has been established. It is shown that the critical length of the fiber, evaluated by using acoustic emission signals, is helpful in understanding the fracture behavior of the composites, as affected by surface treatments of the fibers.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750110403
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  • 10
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    Dynamics and Internal Stress at the Nanoscale Related to Unique Thermomechanical Behavior in Polymer Nanocomposites (2006)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-08-16
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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