Publication Date:
2010-12-18
Description:
Although the mammalian immune system is generally thought to develop in a linear fashion, findings in avian and murine species argue instead for the developmentally ordered appearance (or "layering") of distinct hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that give rise to distinct lymphocyte lineages at different stages of development. Here we provide evidence of an analogous layered immune system in humans. Our results suggest that fetal and adult T cells are distinct populations that arise from different populations of HSCs that are present at different stages of development. We also provide evidence that the fetal T cell lineage is biased toward immune tolerance. These observations offer a mechanistic explanation for the tolerogenic properties of the developing fetus and for variable degrees of immune responsiveness at birth.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276679/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276679/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mold, Jeff E -- Venkatasubrahmanyam, Shivkumar -- Burt, Trevor D -- Michaelsson, Jakob -- Rivera, Jose M -- Galkina, Sofiya A -- Weinberg, Kenneth -- Stoddart, Cheryl A -- McCune, Joseph M -- AG033314/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AI40312/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA049605/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000329/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000329-05/OD/NIH HHS/ -- N01-AI-70002/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- OD000329/OD/NIH HHS/ -- OD00329/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040312/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040312-15/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 17;330(6011):1695-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1196509.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-1234, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21164017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Adult
;
Adult Stem Cells/cytology/physiology
;
Aging/immunology
;
Animals
;
Bone Marrow/embryology
;
Bone Marrow Cells
;
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
;
*Cell Lineage
;
Cytoprotection
;
Fetus/cytology/*immunology
;
Gene Expression
;
Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*physiology
;
Humans
;
*Immune Tolerance
;
Liver/cytology/embryology
;
Lymphocyte Activation
;
Lymphopoiesis
;
Mice
;
Mice, SCID
;
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
;
T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology/physiology
;
T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/*physiology
;
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*immunology/physiology
;
Thymus Gland/cytology/immunology
;
Young Adult
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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