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  • 1
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    Victoria Land Antarctica Pb and Ba concentrations and Pb isotope ratios 1872-1994 CE (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Van de Velde, K; Vallelonga, Paul T; Candelone, Jean-Pierre; Rosman, K J R; Gaspari, Vania; Cozzi, Giulio; Barbante, Carlo; Udisti, Roberto; Cescon, Paolo; Boutron, Claude F (2005): Pb isotope record over one century in snow from Victoria Land, Antarctica. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 232, 95-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.007
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Pb and Ba concentrations and Pb isotopic compositions are reported for firn core and snow pit samples from Victoria Land, Antarctica, dating from 1872 AD to 1994 AD. From variations in Pb/Ba ratios and Pb isotopic compositions, two periods of major Pb enhancements were identified, from 1891 to 1908 AD and from 1948 to 1994 AD. The earlier pollution event is attributed to Pb emissions from non-ferrous metal production and coal combustion in the Southern Hemisphere and is in excellent agreement with coincident pollution inputs reported in firn/ice cores from two other regions of Antarctica, at Coats Land and Law Dome. Using Pb isotopic systematics, it was calculated that ~50% of Pb deposited in Victoria Land in 1897 originated from anthropogenic emission sources. The more recent period of Pb enhancements, from 1948 to 1994 AD, corresponds to the introduction and widespread use of gasoline alkyl Pb additives in automobiles in the Southern Hemisphere, with anthropogenic Pb inputs averaging 60% of total Pb but with large uncertainty. Intra- and inter-annual variations in Pb concentrations and isotopic compositions were evaluated in snow pits samples corresponding to the period 1991-1994. Substantial variations in Pb/ Ba and 206Pb/207Pb ratios were detected but the absence of a regular seasonal pattern for these parameters suggests that the transport and deposition of aerosols to the Antarctic ice sheet are complex and vary from year to year.
    Keywords: Electromechanical drill, dry hole; EMD-D; Hercules_Neve; Hercules Neve, Victoria Land, Antarctica; SNOWPIT; Snow pit; Styx; Styx Glacier, Victoria Land, Antarctica
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 2
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    Table 1. Lead and Ba concentrations and Pb isotopic compositions measured in firn core samples from Styx glacier in Victoria Land, Antarctica (2011)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: Age; AGE; Barium; DEPTH, ice/snow; Electromechanical drill, dry hole; EMD-D; Lead; Lead/Barium ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio, error; Lead-206/Lead-207, error; Lead-206/Lead-207 ratio; Lead-208/Lead-207, error; Lead-208/Lead-207 ratio; Sample code/label; Styx; Styx Glacier, Victoria Land, Antarctica
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 308 data points
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  • 3
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    Table 2. Lead and Ba concentrations and Pb isotopic compositions measured in snow pit samples from Hercules Névé in Victoria Land, Antarctica (2011)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: Age; AGE; Barium; DEPTH, ice/snow; Hercules_Neve; Hercules Neve, Victoria Land, Antarctica; Lead; Lead/Barium ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio, error; Lead-206/Lead-207, error; Lead-206/Lead-207 ratio; Lead-208/Lead-207, error; Lead-208/Lead-207 ratio; SNOWPIT; Snow pit
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 380 data points
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  • 4
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    Table 2. Lead and Ba concentrations and Pb isotopic compositions measured in Law Dome ice cores (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Vallelonga, Paul T; Van de Velde, K; Candelone, Jean-Pierre; Morgan, V I; Boutron, Claude F; Rosman, K J R (2002): The lead pollution history of Law Dome, Antarctica, from isotopic measurements on ice cores: 1500 AD to 1989 AD. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 204, 291-306, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00983-4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Lead isotopic compositions and Pb and Ba concentrations have been measured in ice cores from Law Dome, East Antarctica, covering the past 6500 years. 'Natural' background concentrations of Pb (ab. 0.4 pg/g) and Ba (ab. 1.3 pg/g) are observed until 1884 AD, after which increased Pb concentrations and lowered 206Pb/207Pb ratios indicate the influence of anthropogenic Pb. The isotopic composition of 'natural' Pb varies within the range 206Pb/207Pb=1.20-1.25 and 208Pb/207Pb=2.46-2.50, with an average rock and soil dust Pb contribution of 8-12%. A major pollution event is observed at Law Dome between 1884 and 1908 AD, elevating the Pb concentration four-fold and changing 206Pb/207Pb ratios in the ice to ab. 1.12. Based on Pb isotopic systematics and Pb emission statistics, this is attributed to Pb mined at Broken Hill and smelted at Broken Hill and Port Pirie, Australia. Anthropogenic Pb inputs are at their greatest from 1900 to 1910 and from ab. 1960 to ab. 1980. During the 20th century, Ba concentrations are consistently higher than 'natural' levels and are attributed to increased dust production, suggesting the influence of climate change and/or changes in land coverage with vegetation.
    Keywords: Age; AGE; Barium; BHD; DomeSummitSouth; DSS; DSS99; DSS-W20k; DSS-W2k; Electromechanical drill, dry hole; Electromechanical drill, fluid-filled hole; EMD-D; EMD-F; Hand ice drill; HID; Law Dome, Wilkes Land, Antarctica; Lead; Lead/Barium ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio, error; Lead-206/Lead-207, error; Lead-206/Lead-207 ratio; Lead-208/Lead-207, error; Lead-208/Lead-207 ratio; Sample code/label; Thermal drill, dry hole; THERM-D
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 363 data points
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  • 5
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    Pb and Ba concentrations and Pb isotope ratios in EPICA Dome C ice 2-217 ky BP (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Vallelonga, Paul T; Gabrielli, Paolo; Balliana, E; Wegner, Anna; Delmonte, Barbara; Turetta, Clara; Burton, G; Vanhaecke, Frank; Rosman, K J R; Hong, Sungmin; Boutron, Claude F; Cescon, Paolo; Barbante, Carlo (2010): Lead isotopic compositions in the EPICA Dome C ice core and southern hemisphere potential source areas. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(1-2), 247-255, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.06.019
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-16
    Description: A record of Pb isotopic compositions and Pb and Ba concentrations are presented for the EPICA Dome C ice core covering the past 220 ky, indicating the characteristics of dust and volcanic Pb deposition in central East Antarctica. Lead isotopic compositions are also reported in a suite of soil and loess samples from the Southern Hemisphere (Australia, Southern Africa, Southern South America, New Zealand, Antarctica) in order to evaluate the provenance of dust present in Antarctic ice. Lead isotopic compositions in Dome C ice support the contention that Southern South America was an important source of dust in Antarctica during the last two glacial maxima, and furthermore suggest occasional dust contributions from local Antarctic sources. The isotopic signature of Pb in Antarctic ice is altered by the presence of volcanic Pb, inhibiting the evaluation of glacial–interglacial changes in dust sources and the evaluation of Australia as a source of dust to Antarctica. Consequently, an accurate evaluation of the predominant source(s) of Antarctic dust can only be obtained from glacial maxima, when dust-Pb concentrations were greatest. These data confirm that volcanic Pb is present throughout Antarctica and is emitted in a physical phase that is free from Ba, while dust Pb is transported within a matrix containing Ba and other crustal elements.
    Keywords: AGE; Barium; DEPTH, ice/snow; Dome C; Dome C, Antarctica; EDC; EPICA; EPICA Dome C; European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica; ICEDRILL; Ice drill; Lead; Lead/Barium ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio, error; Lead-206/Lead-207 ratio; Lead-208/Lead-207, error; Lead-208/Lead-207 ratio
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 666 data points
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  • 6
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    Lead isotopic compositions in the EPICA Dome C ice core and Southern Hemisphere Potential Source Areas (2010)
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary Science Reviews, 29, pp. 247-255
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: A record of Pb isotopic compositions and Pb and Ba concentrations are presented for the EPICA Dome C ice core covering the past 220 ky, indicating the characteristics of dust and volcanic Pb deposition in central East Antarctica. Lead isotopic compositions are also reported in a suite of soil and loess samples from the Southern Hemisphere (Australia, Southern Africa, Southern South America, New Zealand, Antarctica) in order to evaluate the provenance of dust present in Antarctic ice. Lead isotopic compositions in Dome C ice support the contention that Southern South America was an important source of dust in Antarctica during the last two glacial maxima, and furthermore suggest occasional dust contributions from local Antarctic sources. The isotopic signature of Pb in Antarctic ice is altered by the presence of volcanic Pb, inhibiting the evaluation of glacial-interglacial changes in dust sources and the evaluation of Australia as a source of dust to Antarctica. Consequently, an accurate evaluation of the predominant source(s) of Antarctic dust can only be obtained from glacial maxima, when dust-Pb concentrations were greatest. These data confirm that volcanic Pb is present throughout Antarctica and is emitted in a physical phase that is free from Ba, while dust Pb is transported within a matrix containing Ba and other crustal elements.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early Archaean gneisses from the Yilgarn Block, Western Australia (1981)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 292 (1981), S. 322-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Contrasting evolutionary models have been applied to the regional patterns of the Yilgarn Block. One model interprets the gneiss terrains as the metamorphosed and migmatized equivalents of the adjacent greenstones, infolded to deep crustal levels2; the other interprets the gneiss terrains as ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/292322a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low level determinations of environmental cadmium (1976)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 261 (1976), S. 685-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Williams and David2 have shown that the cadmium content of phosphatic fertilisers and superphosphate used on Australian pastures range from 27 to 90 p.p.m., and that the application of superphosphate is reflected in an increasing cadmium content of the soil. Much of this cadmium is soluble in water ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/261685a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isotopic evidence for the source of lead in Greenland snows since the late 1960s (1993)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 362 (1993), S. 333-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We analysed aliquots of the samples collected by Boutron et al.2, who collected snow to a depth of 10.7 m at Summit (72°35'N, 37°38'W) in central Greenland using a hand-oper-ated auger made of polycarbonate. Details of the elaborate low-contamination procedures used to drill, collect, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/362333a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The IRMM International Measurement Evaluation Programme (IMEP) IMEP-4: Trace elements (Li, Cu, Zn) in serum (1998)
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 3 (1998), S. 447-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words International Measurement Evaluation Programme ; Isotope-specific methods ; Isotope dilution mass spectrometry ; Trace elements in serum ; Comparability and traceability of analytical measurements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The aim of the International Measurement Evaluation Programme (IMEP) is to give an objective picture of state-of-the-practice analytical measurements by comparing them to a reference value obtained by a primary method of measurement. The referencevalue is therefore as traceable to the SI system of measurements as can presently be achieved and is independent of human or political decisions. Thus a large scale field test is made to achieve (international) comparability of measurements by comparing them with an independent metrologically established value. In the fourth measurement round, IMEP-4, three trace elements, Li, Cu and Zn, at three different levels in (bovine) serum were measured by about 12 participating laboratories using their routine methods. The (coded) results are graphically reported and compared to certified reference values established by an isotope-specific method, isotope dilution mass spectrometry, defined as a primary method of measurement by the Consultative Committee on Amount of Substance. Results indicate a spread of more than ±50%, asymmetrically distributed around the reference value with its own uncertainty range, although the self-declared accuracy of the laboratories was 5–10%. Self-assessment by participants of their analytical capabilities does not show a high correlation between self-rating ("more experienced" or "less experienced") and actual performance. In the way they have been applied, all methods seem to produce results of approximately the same quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007690050284
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