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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the fungal endophyte Acremonium lolii on agronomic traits of perennial ryegrass in France (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 50 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Four sets of half-sib families of perennial ryegrass with (E+) and without (E-) infection with the fungal endophyte Acremonium lolii were established in spaced-plant nurseries and trial plots in 1989 and 1990 at eight locations in France. In the nurseries, families were scored visually for six agronomic traits; in trial plots, dry matter yields or visual scores were obtained for eleven traits in the planting year and in the following two years. Significant differences between E-and E+ families in each set were more frequent in trial plots than in nurseries, and in all cases there was a positive response to A. lolii infection. In the nurseries, the traits showing the greatest number of significant responses to infection were spring growth (3/28 comparisons) and autumn vigour (3/26 comparisons). In trial plots, E+ families had a significantly (P 〈 0·05) higher yield than E- families at three dry locations (5/7 comparisons at Clermont-Ferrand, 3/9 at Montours, and 4/7 at Vemeuil I'Etang) in the 1989 sowings. However, in the 1990 sowings, when different families were studied, endophyte infection had no effect on yield at the driest location. Therefore it is concluded that infection of perennial ryegrass with some strains of A. lolii seems to benefit the host in stressful conditions. However, in Europe generally, climatic conditions are not often stressful for perennial ryegrass and the chances of E+ plants being favoured by either natural or artificial selection seem to be low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1995.tb02298.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of predicted and observed response to selection in two breeding populations of perennial ryegrass (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 114 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: To predict any genetic response to selection, two breeding populations of perennial ryegrass, consisting of half-sib families, were evaluated as spaced plants from 1987 to 1989 for several agronomical traits. In each population, the best plants selected through a multitrait Smith and Hazel's index were planted in a polycross to produce the second generation half-sib families. Both generations were evaluated together from 1991 to 1993 as spaced plants. The difference between generations was the observed genetic response, which was compared to that predicted. Rust tolerance, aftermath heading and persistence were significantly improved in both populations. In trial plots used to assess the yield, no effect of mass selection was noticed. Thus, it is concluded that mass selection failed to increase productivity but produced some improvements in disease tolerance and aftermath heading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1995.tb00808.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural organisation of microsatellite families in the Leishmania genome and polymorphisms at two (CA)"n loci
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Molecular & Biochemical Parasitology 65 (1994), S. 271-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0166-6851
    Keywords: Allelic polymorphism ; Genomic organisation, Population genetics ; Leishmania ; Microsatellite sequence ; [abr] LEM; Laboratoire d'Ecologie Medicale ; [abr] MON; Montpellier (LEM) zymodeme ; [abr] PCR; polymerase chain reaction ; [abr] PFGE; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ; [abr] SDS; sodium dodecyl sulfate ; [abr] SSPE; standard saline phosphate-EDTA buffer ; [abr] TE; Tris-EDTA buffer
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-6851(94)90078-7
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genotype x environment interactions in a core collection of French perennial ryegrass populations (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 731-736 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genotype-environment interaction ; Factor regression ; Genetic resources ; Plant breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A representative sample (core collection) of natural populations of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) from France was evaluated for agronomic traits at seven locations. This sample exhibits a high level of genotype-environment interaction for most traits. The interactions for summer-growth (a key-factor of adaptation in most French regions) were studied by means of regression using climatic factors of the evaluation sites and the sites of population origin as covariates. This method succeeded in explaining most of the interaction term and also part of the main effects. It appears that populations from either warm or dry sites generally have a positive interaction when evaluated in a site with similar characteristics, as expected as a consequence of natural selection. A population component of regression on environmental covariates, however, was significant and could be exploited through breeding to improve adaptation of perennial ryegrass to either drier or warmer regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222663
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the variability and evolution of Orobanche cumana populations infesting sunflower in different European countries (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 1216-1222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words RAPD ; Orobanche cumana ; Helianthus annuus ; Genetic diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The parasitic plant Orobanche cumana Wallr. has become a limiting factor for sunflower crops in infested countries. Over the past few years the progression of this parasitic plant, its introduction into new countries, and the development of new and more virulent races have all been observed. Consequently, the survey and understanding of broomrape population evolution is now crucial for the establishment of efficient breeding programmes. With this in prospect, the genetic variability of O. cumana populations from infested European countries, Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey and Spain, was studied using RAPD markers. Eight populations with a total of 180 plants were analysed. Twenty three primers were used to obtain 133 reproducible bands which led to a binary matrix. This matrix was subjected to various complementary analyses including pairwise distances computed with the Nei and Li coefficient, AMOVA, Nei’s genetic diversity statistics, and an estimation of gene flow among populations with the infinite-island formula. The results gave consistent conclusions whatever the method used for data treatment. We show that this parasitic plant is probably self-pollinated, that there is little intra-population variability, and very little gene exchange appears to occur between different geographic regions. Populations were well structured and organized into two distinct groups (one group corresponding to the East European countries, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey, and the other group corresponding to Spanish populations) and could have a monophyletic origin. These results are discussed in relation to the applied uses of RAPD markers in the determination of true O. cumana races instead of populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050859
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic analysis in the Festuca-Lolium complex using molecular markers and ITS rDNA (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 1038-1046 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Lolium ; Festuca ; Phylogeny ; Chloroplast DNA ; ITS sequence ; Genetic distance ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Molecular markers were used to investigate phylogenetic relationships among the eight species of ryegrass (Lolium) and 11 species of fescue (Festuca). RAPD and RFLP analyses were carried out on total bulked DNA from each population. Factorial analysis of a phenetic distance matrix yielded three major groups: (1) fine-leaved fescues, (2) broad-leaved fescues and (3) ryegrasses. Six non-coding regions of chloroplastic DNA were PCR-amplified, then digested by 20 restriction enzymes. Nuclear rDNA sequences, including internal transcribed spacers (ITSs) were used to estimate the average proportion of nucleotide substitutions. The correlation between substitution rate estimated from ITS sequences and that estimated from organelle DNA restriction sites was very high (0.94), and the corresponding UPGMA trees were very similar, with a slightly better resolution of the ITS tree in the Lolium genus. The time-scale inferred from substitution rates indicated that the period since divergence of the broad-leaved fescues from the fine-leaved fescues was four times as long as that since divergence of the genus Lolium from the former. Among the broad-leaved fescues, meadow fescue was closer to the Lolium group, while F. glaucescens and tall fescue were very closely related. North-African fescues were clustered together and giant fescue was the most differentiated species in this group. Our dataset was merged with ITS sequences recovered from the EMBL database, and the neighbor-joining method was used to draw a phylogenetic tree. In this tree, the tribe Poeae was clearly monophyletic, and more closely related to the Aveneae than to the Triticeae or Bromoideae. The genus Festuca appeared somewhat artificial, since Vulpia myuros and Dactylis glomerata were placed between fine-leaved and broad-leaved fescues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050512
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A database for a more efficient perennial ryegrass breeding programme (1992)
    Springer
    Euphytica 61 (1992), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: data analysis ; database ; plant breeding ; relational database mangement system ; perennial ryegrass ; Lolium perenne
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The development and use of a computer database specifically designed to be used to store data from a plant breeding programme on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is described. Setting up a database requires data analysis in order to establish a conceptual dat model and a conceptual processing data. Every model has been written with MERISE method. With the models, a database has been built using ORACLE relational database management system. It is tailored to meet our own requirements which may be common to other database users.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026805
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comprehensive multisite recurrent selection strategy in perennial ryegrass (1996)
    Springer
    Euphytica 88 (1996), S. 215-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lolium perenne ; G x E interaction ; index selection ; multiplicative model ; perennial ryegrass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary As the seed market for forage grasses in France is rather limited, proposed varieties should have a broad adaptation to a range of different environment. Therefore a comprehensive strategy of multisite recurrent selection has been devised for perennial reyegrass. It is based on an experimental cooperative network between National Institute for Agronomic Research (INRA) and private companies. A pragmatic approach has been retained that gives a compromise between theoretical and practical considerations. The method is illustrated by results from a breeding population consisting of 33 half-sib families derived from a local germplasm. Family selection with an intensity of 30% was applied to yield and persistence data from sward plot trials. The strategy was based on a multisite index where trait x location combinations are considered as different traits and given equal economic weights. Improvements of 10–15% were expected for summer-autumn production and persistence. For spaced plant nursery traits, a subset of locations was chosen according to a multiplicative model decomposition of G x E interaction, where a 10% mass selection was practised. This leads to interesting progress on crown rust tolerance, growth scores, leafiness and persistence. Moreover, the expected indirect responses from selection on spaced plant traits to sward traits and vice-versa are almost all favourable. As significant improvements are expected for most traits in all locations, this programme should allow to increase the general adaptation of ryegrass varieties for France.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023893
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  • 9
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    Beneficial effects of Neotyphodium lolii on the growth and the water status in perennial ryegrass cultivated under nitrogen deficiency or drought stress (1997)
    EDP Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0249-5627
    Electronic ISSN: 1297-9643
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by EDP Sciences
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  • 10
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    The Leishmania Genome Comprises 36 Chromosomes Conserved Across Widely Divergent Human Pathogenic Species (1996)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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