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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 1988-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0009-9236
    Digitale ISSN: 1532-6535
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 522 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 522 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): Calciumantagonists ; Oesophageal motility ; oesophageal pharmaco-manometry ; lower oesophageal sphincter pressure ; healthy volunteers ; dihydropyridines ; nifedipine ; nifedipine ; nisoldipine ; nitrendipine ; nimodipine ; side ; effects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Nifedipine has been proven to be effective and safe in the treatment of primary oesophageal motility disorders which can cause angina-like chest pain and/or dysphagia. The effects of the calcium channel blockers nifedipine, nitrendipine, nimodipine and nisoldipine on oesophageal smooth muscle function in healthy male volunteers were studied by oesophageal manometry using the rapid pull-through-technique, in two randomized, double-blind crossover studies. Lower oesophageal sphincter pressure, oesophageal contraction amplitude and duration after a wet swallow (measured 5 cm and 10 cm above the lower oesophageal sphincter) were determined 30 min before and at 10 minute intervals up to 90 min after the administration of nimodipine and up to 120 min after nifedipine, nitrendipine and nisoldipine. The plasma drug concentration was measured at baseline (−15 min) and in parallel with the manometric measurements. Compared to placebo, lower oesophageal sphincter pressure was significantly decreased by 24% by nifedipine and 17% by nimodipine, whereas the effects of nitrendipine (decrease of 15%) and nisoldipine (9%) were not significant. Nifedipine significantly decreased by 17% the oral contraction amplitude compared to placebo and nimodipine by 11%. The duration of the contraction amplitudes was not altered. The decrease in sphincter pressure was correlated with the corresponding plasma drug levels of nifedipine r=0.92, nitrendipine r=0.80 and nisoldipine r=0.79. Nimodipine showed no such correlation. It is concluded that among the calcium antagonists studied, nifedipine exerted the strongest effect on oesophageal smooth muscle function, so it appears to be the most suitable compound for the treatment of primary motor abnormalities of the oesophagus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): hypertension ; nifedipine ; beta-adrenoceptor blockade ; hypotensive action ; adverse effects ; combination therapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The antihypertensive effect of nifedipine (10–20 mg t.i.d.) given alone, or in combination with a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug, was related to the observed plasma concentration during one dosage interval at steady-state (Pl-Nifss). The study was carried out as a within-patient comparison of treatment with nifedipine or placebo for 4 weeks. A highly significant reduction in blood pressure was obtained during monotherapy, as well as during combined treatment. The blood pressure reduction when nifedipine was added to beta-adrenoceptor blockade was of the same magnitude as that observed on nifedipine monotherapy. A considerable variation in Pl-Nifss was noted (range: 2–70 ng/ml). No significant correlation was found between the percentage reduction in blood pressure and Pl-Nifss in either of the two groups. There was a close relationship between Pl-Nifss and the concentration found 4 h after the morning dose. Side-effects were common during nifedipine monotherapy and were the reason for discontinuation of treatment in 4 of 18 patients. In contrast, none of the 9 patients on combined treatment dropped-out. In neither of the treatment groups was there any evidence for sodium retention and volume expansion during the first 4 weeks expressed as weight gain or signs of cardiac insufficiency. However, in 13 patients who continued on long-term treatment for 3–14 months, a definite need for concomitant diuretic therapy was found. The results indicate that nifedipine is effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, either when given alone or in addition to beta-adrenoceptor blockade. It appears best tolerated as combination therapy. Long-term treatment requires addition of a diuretic. Pl-Nifss did not seem to be a major determinant of the magnitude of the hypotensive response.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): Nitrendipine ; Hypertension ; pharmacokinetics ; renal function ; hypertensive crisis ; pharmacodynamics ; blood pressure ; adverse effects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Nitrendipine solution 5 mg·ml−1 in the dose of 5 mg was given orally to 20 patients with chronic renal failure and elevated diastolic blood pressure (≥110 mmHg), of whom 10 were on maintenance haemodialysis (endogenous creatinine clearance 〈5 ml·min−1) and 10 were at the predialysis stage (endogenous creatinine clearance 5–20 ml·min−1). The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of kidney function and/or dialysis treatment on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of a solution of nitrendipine and to assess its antihypertensive efficacy. After 10 min there was a significant reduction in blood pressure from 188/113 to 173/100 (patients not dependent on dialysis) and from 197/112 to 161/94 mmHg (patients dependent on dialysis). The maximum fall in blood pressure (approximately 30%) was attained after 90 min in the dialysis patients and after 120 min in the non-dialysis group. Blood pressure increased again about 3 h after the administration of nitrendipine but it was still below baseline after 12 h. The terminal elimination half-life (4.1 h in the dialysis patients and 3.6 h in non-dialysis patients) was similar to that observed in patients with normal renal function. The pharmacokinetics of nitrendipine did not differ between the dialysis and non-dialysis groups. There was a correlation between plasma concentration and the blood pressure reduction. The maximum plasma concentration of nitrendipine was reached after 0.5 h (median) and did not differ between the two groups. The mean maximum plasma concentration was 14.8 μg·1−1 in the study population as a whole, with comparable means in the dialysis (17.3 μg·1−1) and non-dialysis (12.4 μg·1−1) groups. The nitrendipine solution proved to be effective in lowering acutely elevated blood pressure in patients with advanced renal failure and renal hypertension, and was well tolerated. The pharmacokinetics was not affected by renal impairment or by dialysis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): Nimodipine ; Cimetidine ; Ranitidine ; pharmacokinetic interaction ; cytochrome P-450 ; healthy volunteers ; haemodynamics ; drug interation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A possible interaction between the calcium antagonist nimodipine and the H2-receptor antagonists cimetidine and ranitidine has been investigated in two separate studies in healthy subjects. In eight young volunteers the concomitant administration of nimodipine 30 mg t.i.d. and cimetidine 1000 mg/d for 7 days led to a significant increase of the relative bioavailability of nimodipine. The changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters were not accompanied by discernible haemodynamic effects or any change in the tolerability of nimodipine. There was no evidence of any significant change in the steady-state pharmacokinetics of nimodipine during five days of combined treatment with 30 mg t.i.d. nimodipine and ranitidine 300 mg/d given as single morning dose to twelve healthy, elderly subjects. Analysis of haemodynamics, clinical chemistry and tolerance also did not reveal any difference between the two treatment periods.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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