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  • 1
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    Nature reduces rumination and sgPFC activation [Psychological and Cognitive Sciences] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: Urbanization has many benefits, but it also is associated with increased levels of mental illness, including depression. It has been suggested that decreased nature experience may help to explain the link between urbanization and mental illness. This suggestion is supported by a growing body of correlational and experimental evidence, which...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: modelling the clustering and halo occupation distribution of BOSS CMASS galaxies in the Final Data Release (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
    Description: We present a study of the clustering and halo occupation distribution of Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) CMASS galaxies in the redshift range 0.43 〈 z 〈 0.7 drawn from the Final SDSS-III Data Release. We compare the BOSS results with the predictions of a halo abundance matching (HAM) clustering model that assigns galaxies to dark matter haloes selected from the large BigMultiDark N -body simulation of a flat cold dark matter Planck cosmology. We compare the observational data with the simulated ones on a light cone constructed from 20 subsequent outputs of the simulation. Observational effects such as incompleteness, geometry, veto masks and fibre collisions are included in the model, which reproduces within 1 errors the observed monopole of the two-point correlation function at all relevant scales: from the smallest scales, 0.5 h –1  Mpc, up to scales beyond the baryon acoustic oscillation feature. This model also agrees remarkably well with the BOSS galaxy power spectrum (up to k ~ 1 h  Mpc –1 ), and the three-point correlation function. The quadrupole of the correlation function presents some tensions with observations. We discuss possible causes that can explain this disagreement, including target selection effects. Overall, the standard HAM model describes remarkably well the clustering statistics of the CMASS sample. We compare the stellar-to-halo mass relation for the CMASS sample measured using weak lensing in the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope Stripe 82 Survey with the prediction of our clustering model, and find a good agreement within 1. The BigMD-BOSS light cone including properties of BOSS galaxies and halo properties is made publicly available.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Variation in wing pattern and palatability in a female-limited polymorphic mimicry system (2014)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-29
    Description: Checkerspot butterflies in the genera Euphydryas and Chlosyne exhibit phenotypic polymorphisms along a well-defined latitudinal and elevational gradient in California. The patterns of phenotypic variation in Euphydryas chalcedona, Chlosyne palla, and Chlosyne hoffmanni suggest a mimetic relationship; in addition, the specific patterns of variation in C. palla suggest a female-limited polymorphic mimicry system (FPM). However, the existence of polymorphic models runs counter to predictions of mimicry theory. Palatability trials were undertaken to assess whether or not the different color morphs of each species were distasteful or toxic to a generalized avian predator, the European starling ( Sturnus vulgaris ). Results indicate that the black morph of E. chalcedona is distasteful, but not toxic, to predators, while the red morph is palatable. C . hoffmanni and both color morphs of C. palla are palatable to predators. Predators that learn to reject black E. chalcedona also reject black C. palla , suggesting that the latter is a FPM of the former. C. hoffmanni does not appear to be involved in this mimetic relationship. The Variable Checkerspot, Euphydryas chalcedona , occurs in a palatable red form and an unpalatable black form (shown). The Northern Checkerspot is a palatable Female-limited Batesian mimic of the Variable Checkerspot. Only females of the Northern Checkerspot occur in the black form.
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-7758
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 4
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    What would it take for renewably powered electrosynthesis to displace petrochemical processes? (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉Electrocatalytic transformation of carbon dioxide (CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉) and water into chemical feedstocks offers the potential to reduce carbon emissions by shifting the chemical industry away from fossil fuel dependence. We provide a technoeconomic and carbon emission analysis of possible products, offering targets that would need to be met for economically compelling industrial implementation to be achieved. We also provide a comparison of the projected costs and CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 emissions across electrocatalytic, biocatalytic, and fossil fuel–derived production of chemical feedstocks. We find that for electrosynthesis to become competitive with fossil fuel–derived feedstocks, electrical-to-chemical conversion efficiencies need to reach at least 60%, and renewable electricity prices need to fall below 4 cents per kilowatt-hour. We discuss the possibility of combining electro- and biocatalytic processes, using sequential upgrading of CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 as a representative case. We describe the technical challenges and economic barriers to marketable electrosynthesized chemicals.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Jmjd6 catalyses lysyl-hydroxylation of U2AF65, a protein associated with RNA splicing (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-04
    Description: The finding that the metazoan hypoxic response is regulated by oxygen-dependent posttranslational hydroxylations, which regulate the activity and lifetime of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), has raised the question of whether other hydroxylases are involved in the regulation of gene expression. We reveal that the splicing factor U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor 65-kilodalton subunit (U2AF65) undergoes posttranslational lysyl-5-hydroxylation catalyzed by the Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase Jumonji domain-6 protein (Jmjd6). Jmjd6 is a nuclear protein that has an important role in vertebrate development and is a human homolog of the HIF asparaginyl-hydroxylase. Jmjd6 is shown to change alternative RNA splicing of some, but not all, of the endogenous and reporter genes, supporting a specific role for Jmjd6 in the regulation of RNA splicing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Webby, Celia J -- Wolf, Alexander -- Gromak, Natalia -- Dreger, Mathias -- Kramer, Holger -- Kessler, Benedikt -- Nielsen, Michael L -- Schmitz, Corinna -- Butler, Danica S -- Yates, John R 3rd -- Delahunty, Claire M -- Hahn, Phillip -- Lengeling, Andreas -- Mann, Matthias -- Proudfoot, Nicholas J -- Schofield, Christopher J -- Bottger, Angelika -- 084655/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G9826944/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 3;325(5936):90-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1175865.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Chemistry Research Laboratory and Oxford Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxon OX1 3TA, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19574390" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alternative Splicing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Biocatalysis ; Cell Line ; Chromatography, Liquid ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Hydroxylation ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases ; Lysine/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/*metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Ribonucleoproteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Tropomyosin/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Something from Nothing: Enhancing Electrochemical Charge Storage with Cation Vacancies (2012)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-30
    Description: Accounts of Chemical Research DOI: 10.1021/ar200238w
    Print ISSN: 0001-4842
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-4898
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 7
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    Tumor shedding and coagulation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-22
    Description: Three syngeneic carcinomas from two species shed plasma membrane vesicles when cultured in vitro or grown in the ascites tumor form in vivo. Shed vesicles carry procoagulant activity that can account for the activation of the clotting system and the fibrin deposition associated with these and many other types of malignancy in animals and man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dvorak, H F -- Quay, S C -- Orenstein, N S -- Dvorak, A M -- Hahn, P -- Bitzer, A M -- Carvalho, A C -- CA 28471/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 28834/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL 23591-2/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 22;212(4497):923-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7195067" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascitic Fluid/metabolism ; *Blood Coagulation ; Blood Coagulation Factors/*metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Fibrin/metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*physiopathology ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/*physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    N-Glycosylations of human {alpha}1,3-fucosyltransferase IX are required for full enzyme activity (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-03-27
    Description: Human α1,3-fucosyltransferase IX catalyzes the transfer of l -fucose from guanosine diphosphate-β- l -fucose to N -acetyllactosamine, generating a Lewis X epitope, and is thereby involved in the synthesis of fucosylated cell surface glycoconjugates. It contains three putative N-glycosylation sites (Asn62, Asn101 and Asn153). The current study considers the functional role of these potential N-glycosylations within the enzyme. We produced truncated variants of human fucosyltransferase IX containing the soluble extracellular catalytic domain. To analyze the relevance of each N-glycosylation site, several genomic mutant DNAs encoding a glutamine (Gln/Q) instead of the asparagine residue were created prosperously using site-directed mutagenesis and subsequently expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda cells applying a baculovirus expression system. After production and purification of these variants of human FucT IX, the wild-type (wt) enzyme and the variants were characterized regarding their activity and kinetic properties. The variants showed lower activity than the wt FucT, whereas the individual N-glycosylation sites had different effects on the enzyme activity and kinetic parameters. While the single variant N62Q still showed ~60% of wt activity and N101Q retained ~30% activity, replacement of Asn153 by glutamine led to an almost complete loss of enzymatic activity. The same could be observed for variants missing two or more putative N-glycosylation sites, which indicated the importance of N-glycosylation for enzyme stability and activity.
    Print ISSN: 0959-6658
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2423
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    A numerically efficient damping model for acoustic resonances in microfluidic cavities (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-01
    Description: Bulk acoustic wave devices are typically operated in a resonant state to achieve enhanced acoustic amplitudes and high acoustofluidic forces for the manipulation of microparticles. Among other loss mechanisms related to the structural parts of acoustofluidic devices, damping in the fluidic cavity is a crucial factor that limits the attainable acoustic amplitudes. In the analytical part of this study, we quantify all relevant loss mechanisms related to the fluid inside acoustofluidic micro-devices. Subsequently, a numerical analysis of the time-harmonic visco-acoustic and thermo-visco-acoustic equations is carried out to verify the analytical results for 2D and 3D examples. The damping results are fitted into the framework of classical linear acoustics to set up a numerically efficient device model. For this purpose, all damping effects are combined into an acoustofluidic loss factor. Since some components of the acoustofluidic loss factor depend on the acoustic mode shape in the fluid cavity, we propose a two-step simulation procedure. In the first step, the loss factors are deduced from the simulated mode shape. Subsequently, a second simulation is invoked, taking all losses into account. Owing to its computational efficiency, the presented numerical device model is of great relevance for the simulation of acoustofluidic particle manipulation by means of acoustic radiation forces or acoustic streaming. For the first time, accurate 3D simulations of realistic micro-devices for the quantitative prediction of pressure amplitudes and the related acoustofluidic forces become feasible.
    Print ISSN: 1070-6631
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7666
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 10
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    Origin and Occurrence of Crude Oils in Molasse Basin (Southern Germany): ABSTRACT (1979)
    American Association of Petroleum Geologists
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists
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