Publication Date:
2024-03-15
Description:
Reduction in global ocean pH due to the uptake of increased atmospheric CO2 is expected to negatively affect calcifying organisms, including the planktonic larval stages of many marine invertebrates. Planktonic larvae play crucial roles in the benthic-pelagic life cycle of marine organisms by connecting and sustaining existing populations and colonizing new habitats. Calcified larvae are typically denser than seawater and rely on swimming to navigate vertically structured water columns. Larval sand dollars Dendraster excentricus have calcified skeletal rods supporting their bodies, and propel themselves with ciliated bands looped around projections called arms. Ciliated bands are also used in food capture, and filtration rate is correlated with band length. As a result, swimming and feeding performance are highly sensitive to morphological changes. When reared at an elevated PCO2 level (1000 ppm), larval sand dollars developed significantly narrower bodies at four and six-arm stages. Morphological changes also varied between four observed maternal lineages, suggesting within-population variation in sensitivity to changes in PCO2 level. Despite these morphological changes, PCO2 concentration alone had no significant effect on swimming speeds. However, acidified larvae had significantly smaller larval stomachs and bodies, suggesting reduced feeding performance. Adjustments to larval morphologies in response to ocean acidification may prioritize swimming over feeding, implying that negative consequences of ocean acidification are carried over to later developmental stages.
Keywords:
Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Behaviour; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Dendraster excentricus; Dendraster excentricus, anterolateral arm distance; Dendraster excentricus, anterolateral arm distance, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, anterolateral arm length; Dendraster excentricus, anterolateral arm length, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, height; Dendraster excentricus, height, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, helical pitch; Dendraster excentricus, helical pitch, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, helical width; Dendraster excentricus, helical width, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, net horizontal speed; Dendraster excentricus, net horizontal speed, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, net vertical speed; Dendraster excentricus, net vertical speed, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, oscillating speed; Dendraster excentricus, oscillating speed, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, posterodorsal arm distance; Dendraster excentricus, posterodorsal arm distance, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, posterodorsal arm length; Dendraster excentricus, posterodorsal arm length, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, postoral arm distance; Dendraster excentricus, postoral arm distance, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, postoral arm length; Dendraster excentricus, postoral arm length, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, preoral arm distance; Dendraster excentricus, preoral arm distance, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, preoral arm length; Dendraster excentricus, preoral arm length standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, stomach height; Dendraster excentricus, stomach height, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, stomach length; Dendraster excentricus, stomach length, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, stomach volume; Dendraster excentricus, stomach volume, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, total speed; Dendraster excentricus, total speed, standard deviation; Dendraster excentricus, width; Dendraster excentricus, width, standard deviation; Echinodermata; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Measured; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH meter (Orion 720A); Salinity; Sample ID; Single species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Zooplankton
Type:
Dataset
Format:
text/tab-separated-values, 1080 data points
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