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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheology of lubricant basestocks: A molecular dynamics study of C30 isomers (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 8833-8840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have performed extensive equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD and NEMD) simulations of three isomers of C30H62 at temperatures of 311 and 372 K employing a united atom model. Using the rotational relaxation time calculated from the EMD simulation, the Rouse model predicts a zero-shear viscosity for n-triacontane within 16% of the value determined by NEMD. Compared to experiment, NEMD and the united atom model underpredict the kinematic viscosities of n-triacontane and 9-n-octyldocosane but accurately predict the values for squalane (within 15%). In addition, the predicted values of the kinematic viscosity index for both 9-n-octyldocosane and squalane are in quantitative agreement with experiment and represent the first such predictions by molecular simulation. This same general potential model and computational approach can be used to predict this important lubricant property for potential lubricants prior to their synthesis, offering the possibility of simulation-guided lubricant design. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1318768
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BACTERIAL RELATIONSHIPS IN STORMWATERS (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 13 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : Data were developed within a three-year period for indicator bacteria and three species of bacterial pathogens following rural storm event hydrographs. The first flush concept was confirmed in all hydrographs. Bacterial density peaking occurred at or before the hydrograph peaks. FC and FS values were higher in more developed areas than the primary rural test site and their numerical ratios followed similar trends. Chlorine demand of storm waters varied between 8 and 16 mg/l and, the ozone requirement was greater than 32 mg/l in the same waters. Aftergrowth of total coliform bacteria occurred following chlorine and ozone doses of 16 mg/l and 32 mg/l respectively. Fecal coliform, fecal streptococci, Salmonella sp., and Pseudomonas sp. all were reduced to near detectable limits by the disinfectants up to 8 days. Staphylococcus sp. demonstrated a propensity to restablish their populations. Multiple regression analysis of the bacterial groups and species in storm waters suggested the fecal streptococci to have been the most useful group in evaluating bacterial storm water quality, with staphylocci have been closely related insofar as their statistical significance was concerned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1977.tb03856.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophoretic Comparison of Anthocyanin Pigments in Eight Varieties of Sour Cherries (1969)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 34 (1969), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY– Electrophoresis and paper chromatography were used to establish the identity and the relative pigment concentrations in eight varieties of sour cherries using the pigments of Montmorency cherries as standards: (1) Marasca Moscata, (2) Wczesna Z Prinn, (3) Del Nord, (4) Königliche Amarelle, (5) Triaux, (6) Schattenmorelle, (7) Marasca di Ostheim and (8) Flemish Red. It was found that all varieties contained cyanidin-3-gentiobioside and cyanidin-3-rhamnoglucoside as their major anthocyanin pigments. All varieties except Flemish Red contained cyan-idin-3-monoglucoside as a minor component. A second minor component of cyanidin-3-diglycoside was found in Wczesna Z Prinn, Del Nord, Schattenmorelle and Marasca di Ostheim. In all cases, the major pigments were approximately in the same relative concentrations as previously found in Montmorency cherries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb00899.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Rheology of Linear and Branched Alkanes (1998)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 19 (1998), S. 449-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: alkanes ; nonequilibrium molecular dynamics ; order tensor ; rheology ; shear thinning ; viscosity ; viscosity index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Liquid alkanes in the molecular weight range of C20–C40 are the main constituents of lubricant basestocks, and their rheological properties are therefore of great concern in industrial lubricant applications. Using massively parallel supercomputers and an efficient parallel algorithm, we have carried out systematic studies of the rheological properties of a variety of model liquid alkanes ranging from linear to singly branched and multiply branched alkanes. We aim to elucidate the relationship between the molecular architecture and the viscous behavior. Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out for n-decane (C10H22), n-hexadecane (C16H34), n-tetracosane (C24H50), 10-n-hexylnonadecane (C25H52), and squalane (2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23-hexamethyltetracosane, C30H62). At a high strain rate, the viscosity shows a power-law shear thinning behavior over several orders of magnitude in strain rate, with exponents ranging from −0.33 to −0.59. This power-law shear thinning is shown to be closely related to the ordering of the molecules. The molecular architecture is shown to have a significant influence on the power-law exponent. At a low strain rate, the viscosity behavior changes to a Newtonian plateau, whose accurate determination has been elusive in previous studies. The molecular order in this regime is essentially that of the equilibrium system, a signature of the linear response. The Newtonian plateau is verified by independent equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations using the Green–Kubo method. The reliable determination of the Newtonian viscosity from non-equilibrium molecular simulation permits us to calculate the viscosity index for squalane. The viscosity index is a widely used property to characterize the lubricant's temperature performance, and our studies represent the first approach towards its determination by molecular simulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022565427881
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of flunitrazepam following single- and multiple-dose oral administration to healthy human subjects (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 6 (1978), S. 283-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: flunitrazepam ; single dose ; multiple dose ; hypnotic ; two-compartment model ; benzodiazepine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Healthy human subjects received single and multiple oral doses of flunitrazepam. Absorption and disposition were first order and reproducible from administration to administration. The oral doses were virtually completely available to the liver, and elimination from the body occurred entirely via metabolism. Assuming the liver to be the sole eliminating organ, hepatic blood clearance and extraction ratio were approximately 0.235 liter/hr/kg and 0.154, respectively. Steady-state blood volume of distribution averaged 3.76 liters/kg in the single-dose studies. Terminal exponential half-lives from the single- and multiple-dose studies (different subjects) averaged 13.5 and 19.2 hr, respectively, these differences were not due to clearance changes but were entirely attributable to variations in volumes of distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01060092
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutic profile of chlordiazepoxide HCl in healthy subjects: Single-dose studies by the intravenous, intramuscular, and oral routes (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 5 (1977), S. 3-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: chlordiazepoxide ; benzodiazepine ; two-compartment model, biopharmaceutics ; pharmacokinetics ; single dose ; routes of administration ; intravenous ; intramuscular ; oral
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Single 30- mg doses of chlordiazepoxide HCl were administered to six healthy human subjects by the intravenous, oral, and intramuscular routes. Plasma concentration- time curves following intravenous administration were satisfactorily described by a biexponential equation consistent with a two-compartment open model system. Mean values of half-lives for the so-called distribution and elimination phases were 0.252 and 9.39 hr, respectively. The mean values for the volume of the central compartment (V 1) and volume of distribution $$(V_{d_\beta } )$$ were 18.0 and 30.9% of body weight, respectively. Following oral administration, the drug was rapidly and completely absorbed. Absorption was first order (t1/2≈27 min), and three of the six subjects showed a discernible lag time of approximately 20 min. Drug absorption following intramuscular administration was comparatively slow. A two- compartment “muscle model” comprised of precipitated and solubilized drug in the muscle was found to satisfactorily characterize the absorption process following administration by this route.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01064806
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical and ultrastructural features of the epidermis of the land planarian Bipalium adventitium (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 175 (1983), S. 171-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The epidermis of the land planarian Bipalium adventitium was examined by light and electron microscopy. In all regions, the epidermis consists of a simple columnar ciliated epithelium associated with a prominent basement membrane. The epithelial cells, possessing abundant microvilli and poorly developed terminal webs, are conjoined laterally at their apical ends by septate junctions. The epidermis of the creeping sole is distinguished from that of adjoining regions by a “insunken” condition of the epithelial cells, a greater number of cilia per cell, and an absence of glandular secretions other than mucus. The insunken cells of the sole possess large glycogen disposits and attributes of metabolically active cells. Unusual intranuclear inclusions of unknown significance are also found in many of the epidermal cells in all regions. The basement membrane lacks distinct layering and consists of fine fibrils displaying a beaded appearance but no obvious cross-banding. Histochemical tests indicate that the fibrils are collagenous. In addition to mucus, secretory material found in nonsole regions includes lamellated granules and rhabdites, both stained intensely by acidic dyes. Rhabdites and the basement membrane also contain disulfide-enriched proteins. In scanning electron micrographs, the sole appears as a faint, longitudinally oriented band extending along the entire length of the animal. In all regions except the sensory border of the head, the microvilli are generally obscured by the densely arranged cilia. The sensory border consists of a row of toothlike papillae and grooves covered almost exclusively by microvilli, small club-shaped structures, and larger spherical protrusions.
    Additional Material: 32 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051750206
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of binding site density: Effects on the interaction between cibacron blue-dextran conjugates and lysozyme (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 36 (1990), S. 1090-1096 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cibacron-blue-dextran conjugates have been produced with a range of ligand loadings using a dextran preparation of average molecular weight of 2 × 106. The equilibrium binding capacity of these ligand conjugates for lysozyme was determined using a gel permeation procedure to separate bound from free protein. The results obtained give clear evidence for at least two types of binding showing a marked difference in affinity. For the higher-affinity interaction the half-saturation constant decreases with increasing ligand loading. The number of dye molecules participating in binding is proportional to loading up to 154 mol dye/mol dextran but is reduced at the highest loading used (315 mol dye/mol dextran). This may be due to steric interference or to dye stacking reducing the number of dye molecules available for binding.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260361103
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lubricant characterization by molecular simulation (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 3260-3263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690431215
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of diazepam following multiple-dose oral administration to healthy human subjects (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 5 (1977), S. 481-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: diazepam ; multiple-dose pharmacokinetics ; two-compartment model ; benzodiazepine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Six healthy subjects between the ages of 21 and 31 years received diazepam tablets orally at a dose of 5 mg t.i.d. atO, 5, and 10hr on days 1–13. On day 14, the dose was 5 mg at 0 and 5 hr and 15 mg at 10 hr. Subsequently, the dose was 15 mg once daily on days 15–24. Numerous plasma samples were obtained during the multiple-dose regimen, and appropriate equations were fitted to all the multiple-dose data. Diazepam absorption was satisfactorily described by a first-order process, with disposition characterized by a linear two-compartment open model. The harmonic mean absorption half-life was 32 min, and the harmonic mean terminal exponential half-life was 57hr. The mean apparent oral total drug plasma clearance was 22.7ml/hr/kg. Steady-state plasma levels of the primary metabolite, desmethyldiazepam, were reached after 5–8 days of dosing. Steady-state diazepam plasma concentration-time profiles suggested that once daily administration of the total daily dose at bedtime might be a satisfactory dosing regimen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061729
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