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  • 1
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    Activation of a floral homeotic gene in Arabidopsis (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-27
    Description: The patterned expression of floral homeotic genes in Arabidopsis depends on the earlier action of meristem-identity genes such as LEAFY, which encodes a transcription factor that determines whether a meristem will generate flowers instead of leaves and shoots. The LEAFY protein, which is expressed throughout the flower, participates in the activation of homeotic genes, which are expressed in specific regions of the flower. Analysis of a LEAFY-responsive enhancer in the homeotic gene AGAMOUS indicates that direct interaction of LEAFY with this enhancer is required for its activity in plants. Thus, LEAFY is a direct upstream regulator of floral homeotic genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Busch, M A -- Bomblies, K -- Weigel, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 23;285(5427):585-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10417388" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AGAMOUS Protein, Arabidopsis ; Arabidopsis/*genetics ; *Arabidopsis Proteins ; Binding Sites ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; *Genes, Homeobox ; Genes, Plant ; Genes, Reporter ; Meristem/genetics/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Plant Structures/genetics/metabolism ; Point Mutation ; Trans-Activators/genetics/metabolism ; *Transcription Factors ; *Transcriptional Activation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    The floral regulator LEAFY evolves by substitutions in the DNA binding domain (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-12
    Description: The plant-specific transcription factor LEAFY controls general aspects of the life cycle in a basal plant, the moss Physcomitrella patens. In contrast, LEAFY has more specialized functions in angiosperms, where it specifically induces floral fate during the reproductive phase. This raises the question of a concomitant change in the biochemical function of LEAFY during the evolution of land plants. We report that the DNA binding domain of LEAFY, although largely conserved, has diverged in activity. On the contrary, other, more rapidly evolving portions of the protein have few effects on LEAFY activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maizel, Alexis -- Busch, Maximilian A -- Tanahashi, Takako -- Perkovic, Josip -- Kato, Masahiro -- Hasebe, Mitsuyasu -- Weigel, Detlef -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):260-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15821093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; DNA, Plant/metabolism ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Flowers/*growth & development ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Plants/genetics ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    De novo design of tunable, pH-driven conformational changes (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉The ability of naturally occurring proteins to change conformation in response to environmental changes is critical to biological function. Although there have been advances in the de novo design of stable proteins with a single, deep free-energy minimum, the design of conformational switches remains challenging. We present a general strategy to design pH-responsive protein conformational changes by precisely preorganizing histidine residues in buried hydrogen-bond networks. We design homotrimers and heterodimers that are stable above pH 6.5 but undergo cooperative, large-scale conformational changes when the pH is lowered and electrostatic and steric repulsion builds up as the network histidine residues become protonated. The transition pH and cooperativity can be controlled through the number of histidine-containing networks and the strength of the surrounding hydrophobic interactions. Upon disassembly, the designed proteins disrupt lipid membranes both in vitro and after being endocytosed in mammalian cells. Our results demonstrate that environmentally triggered conformational changes can now be programmed by de novo protein design.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of chloride and available chlorine in aqueous samples by flame infrared emission (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 61 (1989), S. 2785-2791 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00199a020
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual-channel flame infrared emission detector for gas chromatography (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 62 (1990), S. 1604-1610 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00214a011
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal carbonyl-trifluorophosphine systems. XI. Fluxional cyclohexadienetricarbonyliron(O) system (1972)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 11 (1972), S. 452-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic50109a004
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Olefin metathesis reaction. III. Mechanistic considerations (1976)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 98 (1976), S. 1283-1285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00421a051
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Net proton secretion as a parameter for nitrate uptake (1997)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 196 (1997), S. 65-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Nitrate uptake ; Triticum aestivum L. ; pH-stat ; Crop improvement ; Proton secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Nitrate uptake and its link to net proton secretion in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Tassilo, Caribo, and Astron) were investigated using a pH-stat system. Since nitrate is taken up in symport with protons, nitrate and proton fluxes should be correlated. Nitrate concentration in the medium, measured by HPLC, decreased in a linear manner. The addition of nitrate caused a drop in net proton secretion rate to negative values (net proton influx). Once nitrate concentration had been lowered to a well defined level, net proton secretion rate started to recover. This critical nitrate concentration depended on the initial nitrate concentration in the medium. A technique to derive nitrate uptake rates from time courses of net proton secretion was developed and is described. Briefly, this method requires the initial nitrate concentration and the time until the minimal net proton secretion rate is achieved. Results determined with this technique were found in excellent agreement to simultaneous direct measurements of nitrate uptake by HPLC. Measurement of net proton secretion therefore can be used as a parameter for nitrate uptake and as a screening method for uptake efficiency. This method was used to compare three varieties of a high nitrogen efficiency breeding line of wheat. The originally less nitrogen efficient variety outperformed the actually sold cultivar in nitrate uptake rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281059
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a weak magnetic field on hematite sol in stationary and flowing systems (1991)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 269 (1991), S. 278-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Hematite ; magnetic field ; colloid stability ; magnetohydrodynamics ; aggregation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of a weak magnetic field on the aggregation state and electrophoretic mobility of hematite sol was studied in flowing (dynamic) systems as a function of time and electrolyte concentration (0–60 mmol/dm3 KCl) and compared with the effect of the field in stationary (static) systems and flow in the absence of the field. During the entire treatment period, the pH remained almost constant (4.06–4.24). Conductance varied with KCl concentration, but except for minor fluctuations appeared to be unaffected by any form of treatment. While aggregation of hematite was observed during dynamic magnetic treatment (change in turbidity, scattered light intensity, and photon correlation spectroscopy), little effect on aggregation state was observed for the static systems or for the flowing systems in the absence of the field. Mobility also increased during the first 30 min of static and dynamic magnetic treatment. After longer treatment periods (90–120 min), the mobility decreased, but in almost all cases remained larger than in the case of untreated systems. Changes in both mobility and particle aggregation state also showed a significant dependence on electrolyte concentration. These effects are discussed in terms of a magnetohydrodynamic interaction between the magnetic field and the charged colloidal particles, which results only when the particles are made to pass rapidly through the field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00665502
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residual changes in the surface charge of TiO2 (anatase) suspensions as a result of exposure to a 44 MHz radiofrequency electric field (1995)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 273 (1995), S. 1186-1192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Anatase ; radiofrequency electric field ; surface charge ; hydrous titanium dioxide ; ion exchange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Potentiometric titrations of TiO2 (anatase) suspensions in solutions of 10−2, 10−3, and 10−4 M NaCl prior to treatment with a radiofrequency (RF) electric field gave values of pHpzc and pHiep of 5.75±0.1 and 5.85±0.1, respectively, within the range of literature values. Surface charge plots versus pH for untreated samples gave curves with a common intersection point, indicating that NaCl acts as an indifferent electrolyte. Identical suspensions of anatase were then exposed for 30 min to an RF electric field with a peak-to-peak, no-load amplitude of 34V and a frequency of 44 MHz. Portions of the treated suspension were titrated after different time periods following removal of the field (2, 15, 30, and 45 min). At 2 min, the pHpzc had shifted to 6.50±0.1, and at 15, 30 and 45 min, the curves for the three NaCl concentrations were found to lack a common intersection point, an effect which became more pronounced with time. It is proposed that RF treatment results in the formation of a porous gel layer of hydrous titanium dioxide on the surface of the anatase particles that subsequently undergoes a slow ion-exchange reaction involving ions of the supporting electrolyte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00653088
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