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  • 1
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    (Table 1) Ice floe size and other characteristics during aerial observations in Prydz Bay, Antarctica (2008)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lu, P; Li, Z J; Zhang, Zhongshi; Dong, X L (2008): Aerial observations of floe size distribution in the marginal ice zone of summer Prydz Bay. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113(C2), C02011, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003965
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: On the basis of aerial photographs of sea ice floes in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) of Prydz Bay acquired from December 2004 to February 2005 during the 21st Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition, image processing techniques are employed to extract some geometric parameters of floes from two merged transects covering the whole MIZ. Variations of these parameters with the distance into the MIZ are then obtained. Different parameters of floe size, namely area, perimeter, and mean caliper diameter (MCD), follow three similar stages of increasing, flat and increasing again, with distance from the open ocean. Floe shape parameters (roundness and the ratio of perimeter to MCD), however, have less significant variations than that of floe size. Then, to modify the deviation of the cumulative floe size distribution from the ideal power law, an upper truncated power-law function and a Weibull function are used, and four calculated parameters of the above functions are found to be important descriptors of the evolution of floe size distribution in the MIZ. Among them, Lr of the upper truncated power-law function indicates the upper limit of floe size and roughly equals the maximum floe size in each square sample area. L0 in the Weibull distribution shows an increasing proportion of larger floes in squares farther from the open ocean and roughly equals the mean floe size. D in the upper truncated power-law function is closely associated with the degree of confinement during ice breakup. Its decrease with the distance into MIZ indicates the weakening of confinement conditions on floes owing to wave attenuation. The gamma of the Weibull distribution characterizes the degree of homogeneity in a data set. It also decreases with distance into MIZ, implying that floe size distributes increase in range. Finally, a statistical test on floe size is performed to divide the whole MIZ into three distinct zones made up of floes of quite different characteristics. This zonal structure of floe size also agrees well with the trends of floe shape and floe size distribution, and is believed to be a straightforward result of wave-ice interaction in the MIZ.
    Keywords: Aerial photography; AERP; Distance; Event label; Ice floe, area; Ice floe, perimeter; Ice floe size, mean; Identification; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Mean caliper diameter (MCD) according to Rothrock & Thorndike (1984); Number; Prydz_Bay-AOI1; Prydz_Bay-AOI2; Prydz Bay; Ratio; Roundness; Standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 266 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-induced "localized atomic reaction" (LAR): Chlorobenzene adsorbed on Si(111) 7×7 (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 9905-9907 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electron-induced reaction of chlorobenzene (ClPh) adsorbed on silicon [Si(111)7×7] is shown by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to result in "localized atomic reaction" (LAR), imprinting Cl as chemically-bound Cl–Si on the surface. Voltage pulses of −4 V from the STM tip give LAR restricted to the site of electron impact. Delocalized electron impact imprints the self-assembled pattern of ClPh(ad) on the surface as Cl–Si. The imprint is found to be on the same area of the unit cell as ClPh(ad), but at adjacent atomic sites. The occurrence of LAR is ascribed to a concerted reaction; this can only occur if the new bond (Cl–Si) is directly adjacent to the old one (Cl–Ph). © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.480325
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photochemistry of dimethylcadmium on compound semiconductor surfaces (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 6552-6563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present dynamical studies of the surface photochemistry of dimethylcadmium (DMCd) adsorbed on GaAs(110) and CdTe(110) surfaces. This important precursor for chemical vapor deposition is studied using time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy in conjunction with temperature programmed desorption (TPD). For the case of greater than one monolayer coverages, on these surfaces, both photofragmentation and photodesorption are observed following irradiation. The relative probabilities of these two processes are found to be strongly dependent on adsorbate coverage and incident photon energy. Direct photoabsorption by the adsorbed molecule is found to dominate the photofragmentation process, with the substrate strongly reducing the probability of photofragmentation at low coverages due to the operation of substrate mediated channels for excited state relaxation. The CH3 fragments observed following photodissociation are found to have kinetic energies that are invariant with the energy of the exciting photon (193 and 248 nm), an effect attributed to an efficient curve crossing between excited states in this molecule. The molecular desorption process is found to exhibit an unusual coverage dependence which is linked to the probability of deposition of a significant amount of vibrational excitation in the overlayer via substrate mediated de-excitation processes. Following the adsorption of one monolayer on the GaAs substrate, the photochemistry observed is significantly different due to the thermal dissociation of DMCd to form adsorbed methylgallium moieties. In this case, multiple features are observed in the TOF spectrum with kinetic energies significantly different to those observed for the gas phase or physisorbed molecule. Correlation of the TOF spectral features with thermal desorption data allows these TOF features to be assigned to specific adsorbed intermediates. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473655
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ruby spectral band-profile analysis for temperature sensing (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 3599-3606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The spectral band profiles of the E¯→4A2g and 2A¯→4A2g transitions of Cr3+ in Al2O3, i.e., the commonly known ruby 6943 A(ring) (R1) and 6929 A(ring) (R2) emission lines, in the temperature range 10–300 K were recorded and deconvoluted numerically with excellent accuracy into a Lorentzian (homogeneous) component and a Gaussian component. The Gaussian width was taken as arising from sample inhomogeneity and spectrometer slit function, and as expected was found to be independent of temperature. The Lorentzian width was found to vary with temperature in accordance with the two-phonon relaxation processes reported previously, plus a thermal broadening process. While the former processes were quenched completely as temperature was lowered to about 90 K, the latter process, describable with the Debye–Waller factor, still caused a Lorentzian width of about 0.2 cm−1 (for both R1 and R2 lines) which then leveled out quickly to about 0.1 cm−1 as the temperature was lowered further. For temperatures above 100 K, the positions of the R1 and R2 lines were found to have the same temperature dependence as that reported previously. The use of the temperature dependencies of Lorentzian width and line position for temperature sensing was discussed; such an instrument could indeed be made portable because of the simple optical and electronic systems used in our experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356071
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoinduced localized atomic reaction (LAR) of 1,2- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene with Si(111) 7×7 (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 11005-11010 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report a comparative study of the photoinduced localized atomic reaction, LAR, of 1,2- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene (1,2- and 1,4-diClPh) on Si(111) 7×7, studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We observe different chlorine nearest-neighbor separations for the Cl–Si photoformed chemical "imprints" for the two adsorbates; the most probable separation of neighboring Cl's in the case of 1,2-dichlorobenzene being 8±3 Å, whereas that for 1,4-dichlorobenzene is 14±3 Å. These differing separations can be understood if the two C–Cl bonds in the respective adsorbates extend roughly linearly to chlorinate a nearby Si dangling-bond; for 1,2 diClPh the two C–Cl bonds are at 60° to one another leading to the chlorination of closely neighboring Si, whereas for 1,4 diClPh the two C–Cl bonds are at ∼180° leading to chlorination of sites twice as far apart, located to either side of the 1,4 diClPh adsorbate. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481740
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiolysis of resist polymers. 2. Poly(haloalkylmethacrylates) and copolymers with methyl methacrylate (1984)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 17 (1984), S. 2756-2761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00142a055
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multilayers of HgTe-CdTe grown by low-temperature metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 295-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper describes the growth of multilayers of HgTe-CdTe on cadmium telluride substrates using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. These structures were grown using a novel precracking technique that allows growth of the multilayers at low temperatures from the source gases dimethylmercury, dimethylcadmium, and diethyltelluride. Cross sections of several samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy; these samples were found to have sharp interfaces. The structures for this study are the most sophisticated multilayers of HgTe-CdTe ever grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339144
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of GaAs films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5349-5353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We studied undoped GaAs films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition in a vertical geometry atmospheric pressure reactor. Our results on the surface morphology, carrier concentration and conductivity type and low-temperature photoluminescence spectra of the films, studied as a function of substrate temperature and As/Ga flux during growth, are generally in agreement with previous studies. In addition, we also report the effect of rotation speed of the substrate during growth. It is found that lower speeds give higher defect density and less n-type films and most notably enhance a defect exciton line at 1.5119 eV. From the free-to-bound transitions and from the dependence of the intensities of the exciton lines on growth temperature and As/Ga flux we inferred that the acceptors in our films are C, Zn, Mg and donors are those substituting on Ga sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334854
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High critical current densities in YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films formed by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition at 730 °C (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 648-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: YBa2Cu3O7−x superconducting thin films with a critical current density of 2.3×106 A/cm2 at 77.7 K and 0 T were prepared by a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition process. The films were formed in situ on LaAlO3 at a substrate temperature of 730 °C in 2 Torr partial pressure of N2O. Resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements of the as-deposited films show a sharp superconducting transition temperature of 89 K with a narrow width of less than 1 K. Critical current densities were measured by the dc transport method with a patterned bridge of 120 μm×40 μm. Both x-ray diffraction and high-resolution electron microscopy measurements indicate that films grew epitaxially with the c axis perpendicular to the surface of the substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104557
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the shock enhancement of confined supersonic mixing flows (1991)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 3 (1991), S. 3046-3062 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Direct numerical simulations using high-resolution total variation diminishing (TVD) scheme are performed for studying the shock enhancement of two-dimensional confined (spatially growing) supersonic mixing flows. Several specially designed mixing enhancement schemes are examined with emphasis placed on the study of the fundamental aspects involved in the shock-induced mixing enhancement process. The merits associated with these mixing enhancement schemes are evaluated based on a cost/effectiveness criterion, in which the cost paid for the total pressure loss encountered and the improvement in mixing gained are considered together. The results suggest that mixing enhancement using shock waves can only be effective if the stimulation is spatially persistent, and begins from the very upstream. Being motivated by this observation, an idea of using wavy-wall configuration to generate the desirable periodic shock stimulation is proposed and investigated. The computed results show that, by an appropriate manipulation of the parameters including wall wavelength, relative phase shift between the top and bottom walls, as well as the amplitude of the waviness, considerable improvement in mixing efficiency can be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.857849
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