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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival, Colonization and Dispersal of Genetically Modified Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 in the Phytosphere of Field Grown Sugar Beet (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 13 (1995), S. 1493-1497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] A genetically modified microorganism (GMM), Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 (lacZY and kanr-xylE), derived from a strain taken from the leaves of mature sugar beet (Beta vulgaris var. Amethyst), was released as a seed inoculum (ca 1×107 cfu/seed) to field-grown sugar beet in 1993 and 1994. The ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt1295-1493
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The contribution of species richness and composition to bacterial services (2005)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 436 (2005), S. 1157-1160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Bacterial communities provide important services. They break down pollutants, municipal waste and ingested food, and they are the primary means by which organic matter is recycled to plants and other autotrophs. However, the processes that determine the rate at which these services are supplied ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03891
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Description of a novel plasmid replicative origin from a genetically distinct family of conjugative plasmids associated with phytosphere microflora (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 149 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A novel replicative origin (oriV) from a conjugative, mercury resistance plasmid (pQBR11, 304 kbp) has been cloned and sequenced. Homology to the pQBR11 oriV-containing 3.55 kbp BamHI fragment (pCV1200) was restricted to one of five genetically distinct classes (group I) of narrow host range, mega-plasmids that persist as a genetic component of the pseudomonad community indigenous to the microflora of sugar beet. The oriV of pQBR11 was located within a unique sequence of 300 bp which initiated the replication of pUC derived suicide vectors in Pseudomonas putida UWC1. The limited size of the DNA sequence required to initiate replication, and the presence of two 15/16 bp directly repeated motifs, indicate that this group of mega-plasmids contain a single origin of replication, which initiates replication via a host-polymerase dependent rolling circle mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10318.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two dnaB genes are associated with the origin of replication of pQBR55, an exogenously isolated plasmid from the rhizosphere of sugar beet (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 42 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Plasmid pQBR55 (∼149 kb) represents one of five (Groups I–V) genetically distinct transfer proficient, mercury resistance plasmid groups that have been observed in the phytosphere pseudomonad community at a single geographic location in Oxford, UK. A 4.9-kb HindIII fragment was cloned from pQBR55 (a Group III plasmid) that facilitates autonomous replication of a narrow host range cloning vector, pKIL29, in the non-permissive host Pseudomonas putida UWC1. Sequencing revealed that the fragment contains a unique tandem array of dnaB genes (one partial and one complete), a homologue of the traA gene of plasmid RP4 and several potential open reading frames with little homology to any known sequences. The fragment also contains: a short region of direct and indirect repeats, two sequences that resemble the consensus Escherichia coli DnaA box motif, an A+T rich region and evidence of a GC-skew inversion. All features associated with origins of replication. Two specific oligonucleotide primer pairs, one targeted at the tandem dnaB genes and the other at the dnaB–traA arrangement were used for PCR analysis of other plasmids isolated from the same field site. PCR generated amplification products were only amplified from Group III plasmids (defined by RFLP typing) but not from plasmids belonging to Group I, II, IV or V. The nucleotide sequences of the amplified fragments were identical to those of pQBR55, even though the other Group III plasmids had distinct RFLP patterns. The results of a more general PCR screen, using primers to amplify a 389-bp fragment of all described pseudomonad dnaB genes, suggests that closely related dnaB sequences are only associated with Group III plasmids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2002.tb01010.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of methods to investigate microbial populations in soils under different agricultural management (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 33 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The microbial community in sludge-treated and nearby untreated soils was investigated using direct microscopic counting, plate culture, carbon substrate utilisation (Biolog™), and fatty acid methyl esters. Long-term sewage sludge applications had resulted in higher concentrations of organic carbon and had altered other factors in the soil, including the concentration of metals. Bioluminescence was inhibited in assays of the sludge-treated soil, although microbial counts were similar in all soils. A detailed analysis of carbon substrate utilisation patterns and fatty acid methyl esters showed qualitative differences in the microbial populations. This work shows that a variety of approaches are required to assess microbial communities in soil where, despite large differences in land management, the populations are similar in size and overall composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2000.tb00735.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dispersal and establishment of pseudomonad populations in the phyllosphere of sugar beet by phytophagous caterpillars (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The role of phytophagous insects in the dispersal of phyllosphere bacterial populations has been investigated. Following seed inoculation, a leaf colonising population of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25EeZY6KX (lacZY and aph-xylE) was established in field grown sugar beet (Beta vulgaris var. amethyst). Third instar, Mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae were placed onto the emerging leaves of mature plants and the dispersal of the marked strain (ca. 5×105 cfu/g leaf) to untreated plants monitored. Forty-two days after caterpillar introduction, approximately twenty days after pupation of the larvae, an established population of transferred bacteria was detected at densities similar to those determined for seed inoculated plants of the same age. Under appropriate conditions phylloplane colonising pseudomonads can be dispersed by invertebrates and establish viable populations on the leaves of recipient plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1997.tb00431.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversity of mercury resistance plasmids obtained by exogenous isolation from the bacteria of sugar beet in three successive years (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 20 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: Self-transmissible plasmids conferring mercury resistance were exogenously isolated from the bacterial populations of sugar beet roots (rhizoplane) and leaves (phyllosphere) into a Pseudomonas putida recipient. Fifty rhizoplane plasmids and 29 phyllosphere plasmids (60–383 kb) were purified. Numerical analysis of plasmid DNA restriction enzyme digest patterns identified five distinct groups. Three of these plasmid groups were isolated from sugar beet crops grown at the same site over three consecutive years, demonstrating their established presence. Each group of plasmids comprised individual isolates with structural additions or deletions. The frequency of exogenous isolation correlated with factors likely to influence plant growth, bacterial activity and the physiological state of donors prior to sampling. All plasmids investigated conferred narrow spectrum mercury resistance with a reductase detoxification mechanism. None of the plasmids conferred resistance to a range of antibiotics, other heavy metals, or to UV, and following transfer to recipient bacteria the range of carbon source utilisation was not altered. This is the first report of the persistence of Pseudomonas spp. plasmid structural types isolated over several years from a terrestrial habitat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00320.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-term community dynamics in the phyllosphere microbiology of field-grown sugar beet (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 16 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Short-term fluctuations in the number of culturable microorganisms and the composition of the bacterial community colonising the phyllosphere of field grown sugar beet were determined at 6 h intervals over a 42 h period. The number of culturable bacteria and Erwinia were found to fluctuate diurnally, increasing in size overnight and declining during daylight hours. In contrast, the number of Arthrobacter and yeasts were constant throughout the study, even after rainfall. Over most of the study the number of filamentous fungi and pseudomonads decreased. The short-term fluctuations in bacterial numbers were similar in magnitude to those detected over most of the previous season. No significant variation was observed in microbial numbers between samples taken from three locations within the field. Fatty acid analysis of isolated bacteria revealed the community to be similar in composition to that detected during the same period the previous year and indicated no significant short-term temporal or spatial variation. To limit the effects of diurnal fluctuations on the number of culturable bacteria detected, it is recommended that in long-term studies, samples be collected at the same time of day on each occasion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00284.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The indigenous Pseudomonas plasmid pQBR103 encodes plant-inducible genes, including three putative helicases (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 51 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Plasmid pQBR103 (∼400 kb) is representative of many self-transmissible, mercury resistant plasmids observed in the Pseudomonas community colonising the phytosphere of sugar beet. A promoter trapping strategy (IVET) was employed to identify pQBR103 genes showing elevated levels of expression on plant surfaces. Thirty-seven different plant-inducible gene fusions were isolated that were silent in laboratory media, but active in the plant environment. Three of the fusions were to DNA sequences whose protein products show significant homology to DNA-unwinding helicases. The three helicase-like genes, designated helA, helB and helC, are restricted to a defined group of related Pseudomonas plasmids. They are induced in both the root and shoot environments of sugar beet seedlings. Sequence analysis of the three plasmid-encoded helicase-like genes shows that they are phylogenetically distinct and likely to have independent evolutionary histories. The helA gene is predicted to encode a protein of 1121 amino acids, containing conserved domains found in the ultraviolet (UV) resistance helicase, UvrD. A helA knockout mutant was constructed and no phenotypic changes were found with plasmid-conferred UV resistance or plasmid conjugation. The other 34 fusions are unique with no homologues in the public gene databases, including the Pseudomonas genomes. These data demonstrate the presence of plant responsive genes in plasmid DNA comprising a component of the genomes of plant-associated bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.07.006
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of aerobic heterotrophic taxa isolated from four root domains of mature sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 21 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: The distribution of bacteria in the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, interior root tissues (core) and lower root (all tissues) of mature sugar beet roots (Beta vulgaris) was compared. Of 556 isolates, 102 species from 40 genera were identified by fatty acid methyl ester gas-chromatographic (FAME-GC) analysis. The ten most common genera (Bacillus, 14%; Arthrobacter, 12%; Pseudomonas, 11%; Aureobacterium, 9%; Micrococcus, 6%; Xanthomonas, 5%; Alcaligenes, 4%; Flavobacterium, 3%; Agrobacterium, 3%; Microbacterium, 3%) accounted for 70% of isolates, and were found in each of three root domains (rhizosphere, rhizoplane and interior root tissues) on the two principal sampling occasions. Gram-positive strains were more abundant in the rhizosphere than the rhizoplane. Compared to the rhizoplane, rhizosphere bacterial communities were represented by a less diverse, more hierarchical distribution of species where twice as many isolates formed late developing colonies on isolation plates. Between October and January, the bacteria isolated from root interior tissues acquired a distinct change in taxonomic pattern, with decreased diversity and increased hierarchy. A bacterial continuum of similar taxa was observed which extended from the rhizosphere to interior root tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00350.x
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