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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic relaxation at high linear densities in thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7920-7925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the rate at which recorded signals decay in perpendicular Co78Cr17Ta5 alloys, Co70Cr15Ta5Pt10 alloys, and Pd/Co multilayers. At low write frequencies, the magnetization decay resembles that observed by magnetometry. At high write frequencies, the relative decay rate decreases substantially. This is attributed to a change in the demagnetizing energy associated with high linear densities in perpendicular media. A model for magnetization decay is used to deduce the activation volume, the size distribution, and the barrier to flux reversal which exists for the alloy films. A time scale tε is introduced, over which the decay rate is dominated by the initial condition applied by the write head. The observed decay in the multilayers was much lower (〈0.5%/time decade) than in the alloys (3%–4%/time decade) at all of the spatial frequencies tested. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362405
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced intergranular magnetic coupling in Pd/Co multilayers (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3651-3655 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The ideal magnetic switching mechanism for many types of data storage, including hard disk recording, is isolated domain coherent rotation. However, in typical Pd/Co multilayers with high coercivity, the dominant switching mechanism is domain wall motion, which causes noise in the readback signal. We have investigated the addition of elements, such as carbon, into Pd/Co multilayers to reduce the coupling between adjacent magnetic domains. This reduction of magnetic coupling reduces the length scale over which incoherent switching occurs. Kelly–Hankel plots and the switching radius ratio have been used to compare interactions and domain sizes of oxidized and carbon segregated Pd/Co multilayers. Both oxidation and carbon segregation reduce the coupling between domains, but the multilayers nevertheless remain more strongly coupled than perpendicular alloy films. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361193
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ x-ray measurements of the initial epitaxy of Fe(001) films on MgO(001) (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 4449-4455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Small- and large-angle x-ray scattering from epitaxial Fe(001) on an MgO(001) surface has been measured as a function of film thickness, using grazing incidence x-ray scattering. Small-angle scattering shows that for Fe thicknesses less than 15 monolayers, the Fe is islanded with Fe[110](parallel)MgO[100]. For deposition at 360 °C, the Fe lattice parameter increases toward the MgO surface net spacing with increasing thickness in the 1–10 monolayer coverage regime, and then relaxes back toward the bulk Fe lattice parameter at greater thicknesses. Agglomeration of the islands results in changes in the Fe lattice parameter and in the high-angle peak widths. Prior to agglomeration, the measured in-plane lattice parameter versus thickness is described by a pairwise site interaction between the island and the substrate interface nets. Strain relaxation subsequent to agglomeration is described by continuum elasticity theory. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359853
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of magnetic anisotropy and magnetization reversal in perpendicular recording media (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 6675-6680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Comparisons of magnetic anisotropy and switching behavior of CoCr-based alloy and Co/Pd multilayer media were made using a vector vibrating sample magnetometer. Magnetic anisotropy energy was determined from angle-dependent measurements of the transverse magnetization, using a simple approximate expression for transverse moment versus applied field and rotation angle. Switching behavior was deduced from hysteresis and angle-dependent energy-loss measurements. The multilayers were found to switch by curling and domain wall motion, while the Co78Cr17Ta5 and Co70Cr15Ta5Pt10 media were found to switch by nearly coherent (Stoner–Wohlfarth) rotation. Plasma oxidation of the multilayers was found to slightly reduce the amount of coupling, but degraded readback amplitude to a contact recording transducer. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359080
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implementation of scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis using high-efficiency retarding-potential Mott polarimeters (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 246-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The application of a compact high-efficiency retarding-potential Mott polarimeter in scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA) is described. Such polarimeters, which combine high-efficiency with large electron optical acceptance and stable long-term operation, are shown to be particularly attractive for use in SEMPA. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149512
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation kinetics of YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films in the presence of atomic oxygen and molecular oxygen by in-situ resistivity measurements (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 7189-7201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of oxidation in YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films in the presence of molecular and atomic oxygen ambients have been studied. The resistivity of c-axis-, a-axis-, and mixed a+c-axis-oriented films, deposited in situ by off-axis magnetron sputtering, was measured as a function of time subsequent to a change in the ambient conditions. Atomic oxygen was produced by a well-characterized, compact electron cyclotron resonance source that is compatible with molecular-beam epitaxy deposition. The resistivity of a film in the presence of atomic oxygen is shown to be determined by the flux of atomic oxygen on the film surface. The activation energy for the decomposition of O2 on the surface of the film was determined to be ∼1.3 and ∼2.1 eV for mixed a+c-axis- and c-axis-oriented films, respectively. The oxidation process is shown to be thermally activated and can be characterized by a diffusion model with an activation energy which varies from approximately 1.2 eV in the presence of molecular oxygen to 0.6 eV for a flux of 2×1015 oxygen atoms/cm2 s. In both cases, diffusivity is found to be insensitive to oxygen stoichiometry, but the rate of oxidation is found to be sensitive to the microstructure and orientation of the films. The lower activation energy observed for the atomic oxygen case is postulated to be due to the large oxygen concentration gradient present during the oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347612
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relaxation of written transitions in thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (abstract) : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 3967-3967 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the rate at which recorded signals decay in Co78Cr17Ta5 alloys, Co70Cr15Ta5Pt10 alloys, and Pd/Co multilayers. At low write frequencies, the magnetization decay resembles that observed by magnetometry. At high write frequencies, the relative decay rate decreases substantially. This is attributed to a change in the demagnetizing energy associated with high linear densities in perpendicular media. A model for magnetization decay is used to deduce the activation volume, the size distribution, and the barrier to flux reversal that exists for the alloy films. A time scale tε is introduced, over which the decay rate is dominated by the initial condition applied by the write head. The observed decay in the multilayers was much lower (〈0.5%/time decade) than in the alloys (3%–4%/time decade) at all of the spatial frequencies tested. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364703
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recording of transitions at high linear density in exchange isolated Pt/CoCrTa multilayer thin films (abstract) : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4383-4383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Multilayer Pt/CoCrTa thin film structures that display little intergranular exchange coupling and nearly 100% remanence in the perpendicular direction were prepared. Written transitions retain good fidelity at more than 300 000 transitions per inch. Magnetic recording of continuous square waves and dibit patterns were characterized using an inductive contact recording transducer, a flying magnetoresistive transducer, and magnetic force microscopy. With the introduction of intergranular exchange isolation into the media, observed media noise in the recording transducers becomes negligible relative to the noise from the recording system electronics. Analysis of magnetic force microscopy images yields a signal to integrated noise ratio of 17 dB at 309 000 transitions per inch written in a 4-μm wide track, which is comparable to a measured signal to total noise ratio of 8 dB at 350 000 reversals per inch measured using an inductive transducer at 100 in./s. These results are contrasted with recording on exchange coupled Pt/Co multilayers and longitudinal media. ©1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364831
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epitaxial tetragonal PtCo (001) thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 1922-1928 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The ordered PtCo tetragonal intermetallic compound with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and a preferred c-axis orientation perpendicular to the film plane has been produced by annealing epitaxial multilayers of Pt and Co. These films demonstrate large magnetic anisotropy, magneto-optic Kerr rotations, and magnetization, suggesting them as candidates for magneto-optic and perpendicular magnetic recording.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354775
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thickness dependence of the twin density in YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films sputtered onto MgO substrates (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 2171-2173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The lengths and spacings of twins in YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films deposited onto MgO substrates have been measured by transmission electron microscopy as a function of film thickness t, for t ranging from 50 to 1400 nm. The twin length is linear in t, while the twin spacing follows a t1/2 dependence. This form for the twin spacing is consistent with the prediction of a simple free energy expression for the twinning transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104996
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