ISSN:
1089-7690
Source:
AIP Digital Archive
Topics:
Physics
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
Notes:
We theoretically investigate the internal rotations of the methyl group in substituted toluenes such as fluorotoluene (-F), toluidine (-NH2), cresol (-OH), and tolunitrile (-CN) in the ground, excited, and anionic states. The calculated rotational barriers reproduce well the experimental data. Orbital pictures are given for the barrier variations by excitation and electron attachment. An idea of π*–σ* hyperconjugation is introduced for a comprehensive interpretation of the barrier variations. The π*–σ* hyperconjugation mechanism clarifies the differences among ortho-, meta-, and para-systems, between π-electron donating and accepting substituents, and between first and second excited (anionic) states. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.482029
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