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  • 1
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    ERRATUM: Spatiotemporal variation of late Quaternary river incision rates in southeast Tibet, constrained by dating fluvial terraces (2018)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉ORIGINAL ARTICLE: 〈a href="https://doi.org/10.1130/L686.1"〉https://doi.org/10.1130/L686.1〈/a〉〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 1941-8264
    Electronic ISSN: 1947-4253
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 2
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    Spatiotemporal variation of late Quaternary river incision rates in southeast Tibet, constrained by dating fluvial terraces (2018)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉Abstract〈/div〉River incision results from interactions among tectonics, climate change, and surface processes, and yet the role of each process operating at different time scales remains poorly understood. In this study, we address this issue by reconstructing the late Quaternary spatiotemporal variation of aggradation and incision rates along the Lancang River (Upper Mekong River) in southeast Tibet. Our work combined field observations, topographic data analysis, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) dating of geologically well-defined fluvial terrace deposits, and it reveals five levels of fluvial terraces with strath heights up to 200–240 m and a 300-km-wide knickzone along the Lancang River. The new data indicate that: (1) the Lancang River has experienced four aggradation events at 〉120–100 ka, 90–70 ka, 25–15 ka, and 〈9 ka, with each event followed by rapid incision at ca. 100 ka, ca. 45 ka, ca. 15 ka, and ca. 6 ka; (2) river incision rates since the late Pleistocene decrease upstream across the knickzone from 〈2.8–2.3 and 〈2.1–1.7 to 〈0.5 mm/yr; and (3) they decrease with time at the knickzone from 〈2.1 mm/yr at ca. 100 ka to 〈1.1 mm/yr at 15–6 ka. The terrace-derived incision rates since the late Pleistocene from this study are more than an order of magnitude higher than the existing landscape-scale erosion rates derived from both thermochronological dating of bedrock bounding the river valley at million-year scales and cosmogenic nuclide concentrations of river sand at millennial scales. These findings imply decoupling of hydrologically induced river incision rates since the late Pleistocene from regional erosion rates on million-year and millennial time scales. Specifically, the hydrologically driven incision in a large fluvial system like the Lancang River in southeast Tibet, most likely related to local climate conditions, is much more efficient than tectonically driven erosion at a time scale of 100–10 k.y.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 1941-8264
    Electronic ISSN: 1947-4253
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 3
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    Near-field deformation from the El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake revealed by differential LIDAR (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-11
    Description: Large [moment magnitude (M(w)) 〉/= 7] continental earthquakes often generate complex, multifault ruptures linked by enigmatic zones of distributed deformation. Here, we report the collection and results of a high-resolution (〉/=nine returns per square meter) airborne light detection and ranging (LIDAR) topographic survey of the 2010 M(w) 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake that produced a 120-kilometer-long multifault rupture through northernmost Baja California, Mexico. This differential LIDAR survey completely captures an earthquake surface rupture in a sparsely vegetated region with pre-earthquake lower-resolution (5-meter-pixel) LIDAR data. The postevent survey reveals numerous surface ruptures, including previously undocumented blind faults within thick sediments of the Colorado River delta. Differential elevation changes show distributed, kilometer-scale bending strains as large as ~10(3) microstrains in response to slip along discontinuous faults cutting crystalline bedrock of the Sierra Cucapah.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oskin, Michael E -- Arrowsmith, J Ramon -- Hinojosa Corona, Alejandro -- Elliott, Austin J -- Fletcher, John M -- Fielding, Eric J -- Gold, Peter O -- Gonzalez Garcia, J Javier -- Hudnut, Ken W -- Liu-Zeng, Jing -- Teran, Orlando J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Feb 10;335(6069):702-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1213778.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95618, USA. meoskin@ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22323817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Tectonic control of Yarlung Tsangpo Gorge revealed by a buried canyon in Southern Tibet (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-22
    Description: The Himalayan mountains are dissected by some of the deepest and most impressive gorges on Earth. Constraining the interplay between river incision and rock uplift is important for understanding tectonic deformation in this region. We report here the discovery of a deeply incised canyon of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, at the eastern end of the Himalaya, which is now buried under more than 500 meters of sediments. By reconstructing the former valley bottom and dating sediments at the base of the valley fill, we show that steepening of the Tsangpo Gorge started at about 2 million to 2.5 million years ago as a consequence of an increase in rock uplift rates. The high erosion rates within the gorge are therefore a direct consequence of rapid rock uplift.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Ping -- Scherler, Dirk -- Liu-Zeng, Jing -- Mey, Jurgen -- Avouac, Jean-Philippe -- Zhang, Yunda -- Shi, Dingguo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Nov 21;346(6212):978-81. doi: 10.1126/science.1259041.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. scherler@caltech.edu. ; Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. ; Chengdu Engineering Corporation, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25414309" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    GEOMORPHOLOGY. Response to Comment on "Tectonic control of Yarlung Tsangpo Gorge revealed by a buried canyon in Southern Tibet" (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: In their Comment, Zeitler et al. do not challenge our results or interpretation. Our study does not disprove coupling between tectonic uplift and erosion but suggests that this coupling cannot be the sole explanation of rapid uplift in the Himalayan syntaxes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Ping -- Scherler, Dirk -- Liu-Zeng, Jing -- Mey, Jurgen -- Avouac, Jean-Philippe -- Zhang, Yunda -- Shi, Dingguo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 21;349(6250):799. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa9636.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. scherler@gfz-potsdam.de. ; Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. ; Chengdu Engineering Corporation, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26293947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Late Pleistocene‐Holocene slip rate along the Hasi Shan restraining bend of the Haiyuan fault: implication for faulting dynamics of a complex fault system (2019)
    Wiley
    In: Tectonics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract The Haiyuan fault is a major left‐lateral strike‐slip fault at the boundary between northeast Tibet and the Gobi platform. Combining measurements of offset alluvial terraces with 10Be ‐ 26Al cosmogenic radionuclides (CRN) dating, we bracket the late Quaternary slip rate along the Hasi Shan fault section (37°00' N, 104°25' E) of the Haiyuan fault. At our reference site, terrace‐riser offsets for 5 successive terraces range from ~5 m to ~200 m, and associated CRN ages range from 9 ± 3 kyr to 44 ± 7 kyr. These measurements yield a geological slip rate between 2.7 mm/yr and 3.0 mm/yr. Extending the offset measurements to the entire Hasi Shan front, it yields a slip rate of 3.2 ± 0.2 mm/yr over the last ~50 kyr. Our rate is consistent with the lower estimates of other long‐term rates of 4 to 5 mm/yr, as well as with geodetic rates of 3 to 5 mm/yr, determined in the same area. About 150 km farther west, however, Holocene terraces and moraines offsets have suggested higher slip rate values, between 6 mm/yr and 15 mm/yr. We interpret such discrepancy between rates determined along the western section of the Haiyuan fault and rates determined in the Hasi Shan section as being related to the complex geometry of the Haiyuan fault system along its eastern part, with several active strands moving at the same time and resulting in distributed slip among several sections of the fault system.
    Print ISSN: 0278-7407
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-9194
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 7
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    Perturbation of fluvial sediment fluxes following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (2017)
    In:  Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Dating the incision of the Yangtze River gorge at the First Bend using three-nuclide burial ages (2016)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
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    Tectonic control of Yarlung Tsangpo Gorge revealed by a buried canyon in Southern Tibet (2014)
    In:  Science
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 10
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    Propagating uplift controls on high-elevation, low-relief landscape formation in the southeast Tibetan Plateau (2022)
    In:  Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: High-elevation, low-relief surfaces are widespread in many mountain belts. However, the origin of these surfaces has long been debated. In particular, the southeast Tibetan Plateau has extensive low-relief surfaces perched above deep valleys and in the headwaters of three of the world’s largest rivers (Salween, Mekong, and Yangtze Rivers). Various geologic data and geodynamic models show that many mountain belts grow first to a certain height and then laterally in an outward propagation sequence. By translating this information into a kinematic propagating uplift function in a landscape evolution model, we propose that the high-elevation, low-relief surfaces in the southeast Tibetan Plateau are simply a consequence of mountain growth and do not require a special process to form. The propagating uplift forms an elongated river network geometry with broad high-elevation, low-relief headwaters and interfluves that persist for tens of millions of years, consistent with the observed geochronology. We suggest that the low-relief interfluves can be long-lived because they lack the drainage networks necessary to keep pace with the rapid incision of the large main-stem rivers. The propagating uplift also produces spatial and temporal exhumation patterns and river profile morphologies that match observations. Our modeling therefore reconciles geomorphic observations with geodynamic models of uplift of the southeast Tibetan Plateau, and it provides a simple mechanism to explain the low-relief surfaces observed in several mountain belts on Earth.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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