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  • 1
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    A Triassic Fauna from Madagascar, Including Early Dinosaurs (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-26
    Description: The discovery of a Middle to Late Triassic ( approximately 225 to 230 million years old) terrestrial vertebrate fauna from Madagascar is reported. This fauna documents a temporal interval not well represented by continental vertebrate assemblages elsewhere in the world. It contains two new prosauropod dinosaurs, representing some of the earliest dinosaur occurrences known globally. This assemblage provides information about the poorly understood transition to the dinosaur-dominated faunas of the latest Triassic.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flynn -- Parrish -- Rakotosamimanana -- Simpson -- Whatley -- Wyss -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 22;286(5440):763-765.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geology, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA. Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA. Departement de Paleontologie et d'Anthropologie Biologique, Universite d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. Department of Geology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10531059" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Response to comment on "The placental mammal ancestor and the post-K-Pg radiation of placentals" (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-10
    Description: Tree-building with diverse data maximizes explanatory power. Application of molecular clock models to ancient speciation events risks a bias against detection of fast radiations subsequent to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) event. Contrary to Springer et al., post-K-Pg placental diversification does not require "virus-like" substitution rates. Even constraining clade ages to their model, the explosive model best explains placental evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Leary, Maureen A -- Bloch, Jonathan I -- Flynn, John J -- Gaudin, Timothy J -- Giallombardo, Andres -- Giannini, Norberto P -- Goldberg, Suzann L -- Kraatz, Brian P -- Luo, Zhe-Xi -- Meng, Jin -- Ni, Xijun -- Novacek, Michael J -- Perini, Fernando A -- Randall, Zachary -- Rougier, Guillermo W -- Sargis, Eric J -- Silcox, Mary T -- Simmons, Nancy B -- Spaulding, Michelle -- Velazco, Paul M -- Weksler, Marcelo -- Wible, John R -- Cirranello, Andrea L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Aug 9;341(6146):613. doi: 10.1126/science.1238162.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomical Sciences, HSC T-8 (040), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8081, USA. maureen.oleary@stonybrook.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23929968" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Female ; *Fossils ; *Mammals ; *Phylogeny ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    The oldest known primate skeleton and early haplorhine evolution (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-06-07
    Description: Reconstructing the earliest phases of primate evolution has been impeded by gaps in the fossil record, so that disagreements persist regarding the palaeobiology and phylogenetic relationships of the earliest primates. Here we report the discovery of a nearly complete and partly articulated skeleton of a primitive haplorhine primate from the early Eocene of China, about 55 million years ago, the oldest fossil primate of this quality ever recovered. Coupled with detailed morphological examination using propagation phase contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography, our phylogenetic analysis based on total available evidence indicates that this fossil is the most basal known member of the tarsiiform clade. In addition to providing further support for an early dichotomy between the strepsirrhine and haplorhine clades, this new primate further constrains the age of divergence between tarsiiforms and anthropoids. It also strengthens the hypothesis that the earliest primates were probably diurnal, arboreal and primarily insectivorous mammals the size of modern pygmy mouse lemurs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ni, Xijun -- Gebo, Daniel L -- Dagosto, Marian -- Meng, Jin -- Tafforeau, Paul -- Flynn, John J -- Beard, K Christopher -- England -- Nature. 2013 Jun 6;498(7452):60-4. doi: 10.1038/nature12200.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origin, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 142 Xi Zhi Men Wai Street, Beijing 100044, China. nixijun@ivpp.ac.cn〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23739424" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cheirogaleidae/anatomy & histology ; China ; Dentition ; Foot Bones/anatomy & histology ; Forelimb/anatomy & histology ; *Fossils ; Hindlimb/anatomy & histology ; Phylogeny ; Primates/*anatomy & histology/classification ; *Skeleton ; Skull/anatomy & histology ; Tail/anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Impacts of the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution and KPg extinction on mammal diversification (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-24
    Description: Previous analyses of relations, divergence times, and diversification patterns among extant mammalian families have relied on supertree methods and local molecular clocks. We constructed a molecular supermatrix for mammalian families and analyzed these data with likelihood-based methods and relaxed molecular clocks. Phylogenetic analyses resulted in a robust phylogeny with better resolution than phylogenies from supertree methods. Relaxed clock analyses support the long-fuse model of diversification and highlight the importance of including multiple fossil calibrations that are spread across the tree. Molecular time trees and diversification analyses suggest important roles for the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution and Cretaceous-Paleogene (KPg) mass extinction in opening up ecospace that promoted interordinal and intraordinal diversification, respectively. By contrast, diversification analyses provide no support for the hypothesis concerning the delayed rise of present-day mammals during the Eocene Period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meredith, Robert W -- Janecka, Jan E -- Gatesy, John -- Ryder, Oliver A -- Fisher, Colleen A -- Teeling, Emma C -- Goodbla, Alisha -- Eizirik, Eduardo -- Simao, Taiz L L -- Stadler, Tanja -- Rabosky, Daniel L -- Honeycutt, Rodney L -- Flynn, John J -- Ingram, Colleen M -- Steiner, Cynthia -- Williams, Tiffani L -- Robinson, Terence J -- Burk-Herrick, Angela -- Westerman, Michael -- Ayoub, Nadia A -- Springer, Mark S -- Murphy, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 28;334(6055):521-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1211028. Epub 2011 Sep 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Extinction, Biological ; *Fossils ; *Mammals/classification/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    The placental mammal ancestor and the post-K-Pg radiation of placentals (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-09
    Description: To discover interordinal relationships of living and fossil placental mammals and the time of origin of placentals relative to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary, we scored 4541 phenomic characters de novo for 86 fossil and living species. Combining these data with molecular sequences, we obtained a phylogenetic tree that, when calibrated with fossils, shows that crown clade Placentalia and placental orders originated after the K-Pg boundary. Many nodes discovered using molecular data are upheld, but phenomic signals overturn molecular signals to show Sundatheria (Dermoptera + Scandentia) as the sister taxon of Primates, a close link between Proboscidea (elephants) and Sirenia (sea cows), and the monophyly of echolocating Chiroptera (bats). Our tree suggests that Placentalia first split into Xenarthra and Epitheria; extinct New World species are the oldest members of Afrotheria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Leary, Maureen A -- Bloch, Jonathan I -- Flynn, John J -- Gaudin, Timothy J -- Giallombardo, Andres -- Giannini, Norberto P -- Goldberg, Suzann L -- Kraatz, Brian P -- Luo, Zhe-Xi -- Meng, Jin -- Ni, Xijun -- Novacek, Michael J -- Perini, Fernando A -- Randall, Zachary S -- Rougier, Guillermo W -- Sargis, Eric J -- Silcox, Mary T -- Simmons, Nancy B -- Spaulding, Michelle -- Velazco, Paul M -- Weksler, Marcelo -- Wible, John R -- Cirranello, Andrea L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Feb 8;339(6120):662-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1229237.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, HSC T-8 (040), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8081, USA. maureen.oleary@stonybrook.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23393258" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Dentition ; Ecosystem ; Extinction, Biological ; Female ; *Fossils ; *Mammals/anatomy & histology/classification/genetics ; Paleodontology ; *Phylogeny ; Phylogeography ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Sequence Alignment ; Time ; Xenarthra/anatomy & histology/classification/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Arctic biostratigraphic heterochroneity (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kent, D V -- McKenna, M C -- Opdyke, N D -- Flynn, J J -- Macfadden, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 13;224(4645):173-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17744683" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Early eocene vertebrates from baja california: evidence for intracontinental age correlations (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-13
    Description: Newly discovered fossils support a Wasatchian (early Eocene) age for the Punta Prieta vertebrate fauna of Baja California and reveal the utility of land mammal ages on a continental scale. Dispersal scenarios for late Paleocene and early Eocene vertebrates usually invoke heterochrony for similar, but geographically separated, faunas or taxa. Such heterochrony is not supported by independent geochronologies or adequate geographic samples.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flynn, J J -- Novacek, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 13;224(4645):151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17744679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Sea level history (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gradstein, F M -- Agterberg, F P -- Aubry, M P -- Berggren, W A -- Flynn, J J -- Hewitt, R -- Kent, D V -- Klitgord, K D -- Miller, K G -- Obradovitch, J -- Ogg, J G -- Prothero, D R -- Westerman, G E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):599-601.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17774582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    A troodontid dinosaur from the latest Cretaceous of India (2013)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-17
    Description: A troodontid dinosaur from the latest Cretaceous of India Nature Communications 4, 1703 (2013). doi:10.1038/ncomms2716 Authors: A. Goswami, G. V. R. Prasad, O. Verma, J. J. Flynn & R. B. J. Benson
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 10
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    Structure-function covariation with nonfeeding ecological variables influences evolution of feeding specialization in Carnivora (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-09
    Description: Skull shape convergence is pervasive among vertebrates. Although this is frequently inferred to indicate similar functional underpinnings, neither the specific structure-function linkages nor the selective environments in which the supposed functional adaptations arose are commonly identified and tested. We demonstrate that nonfeeding factors relating to sexual maturity and precipitation-related arboreality also can generate structure-function relationships in the skulls of carnivorans (dogs, cats, seals, and relatives) through covariation with masticatory performance. We estimated measures of masticatory performance related to ecological variables that covary with cranial shape in the mammalian order Carnivora, integrating geometric morphometrics and finite element analyses. Even after accounting for phylogenetic autocorrelation, cranial shapes are significantly correlated to both feeding and nonfeeding ecological variables, and covariation with both variable types generated significant masticatory performance gradients. This suggests that mechanisms of obligate shape covariation with nonfeeding variables can produce performance changes resembling those arising from feeding adaptations in Carnivora.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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