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  • 1
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    Numerical instability at the edge of a dynamic fracture (2001)
    In:  Geophys. J. Int., New York, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 147, no. 3, pp. F1-F6, pp. B07307, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001
    Keywords: Fracture ; Dynamic ; Finite difference method ; Attenuation ; Waves ; GJI
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Plasmons in graphene moiré superlattices (2015)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-21
    Description: Nature Materials 14, 1217 (2015). doi:10.1038/nmat4425 Authors: G. X. Ni, H. Wang, J. S. Wu, Z. Fei, M. D. Goldflam, F. Keilmann, B. Özyilmaz, A. H. Castro Neto, X. M. Xie, M. M. Fogler & D. N. Basov
    Print ISSN: 1476-1122
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4660
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 3
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    Early Devonian graptolites from the Qinzhou-Yulin region, southeast Guangxi, China (2015)
    National Research Council Canada (NRC)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-25
    Description: Early Devonian graptolites are widely distributed within the 30°N and 30°S parallels of paleolatitude, with only a few known locations outside the 30° parallel. Only three early Devonian graptolite locations, i.e., west Yunnan, southeast Guangxi (in low paleolatitude), and south Xizang (Tibet) (in middle-high paleolatitude), have been reported in China. An Early Devonian graptolite fauna of moderate diversity, including three genera and 14 species, is described from the Qinzhou–Yulin region in southeast Guangxi, China, including Uncinatograptus jadae sp. nov. and Neomonograptus aequabilis latus subsp. nov. Based on these taxa, four biozones, the Uncinatograptus uniformis Biozone, the tentative Uncinatograptus praehercynicus Biozone, the tentative Neomonograptus falcarius Biozone, and the Uncinatograptus yukonensis Biozone, are erected in ascending order. The Lower Devonian graptolite biozonation in Guangxi agrees with the global standard. However, the graptolite biodiversity below the Uncinatograptus yukonensis Biozone in the Qinzhou–Yulin region is lower than those of the other parts of the world. In the present study, the tentatively recognized Neomonograptus falcarius Biozone has only the index species. In the study region, the species Uncinatograptus hercynicus (Perner) is absent. Thus, we tentatively employ the Uncinatograptus praehercynicus Biozone as a possible substitute for the Uncinatograptus hercynicus Biozone.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4077
    Electronic ISSN: 1480-3313
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by National Research Council Canada (NRC)
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  • 4
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    Structural basis of Lmod2 function in muscle cells [Biochemistry] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-14
    Description: Leiomodin (Lmod) is a class of potent tandem-G-actin–binding nucleators in muscle cells. Lmod mutations, deletion, or instability are linked to lethal nemaline myopathy. However, the lack of high-resolution structures of Lmod nucleators in action severely hampered our understanding of their essential cellular functions. Here we report the crystal structure of...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 5
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    An instrument to measure mechanical up-conversion phenomena in metals in the elastic regime (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-11
    Description: Crystalline materials, such as metals, are known to exhibit deviation from a simple linear relation between strain and stress when the latter exceeds the yield stress. In addition, it has been shown that metals respond to varying external stress in a discontinuous way in this regime, exhibiting discrete releases of energy. This crackling noise has been extensively studied both experimentally and theoretically when the metals are operating in the plastic regime. In our study, we focus on the behavior of metals in the elastic regime, where the stresses are well below the yield stress. We describe an instrument that aims to characterize non-linear mechanical noise in metals when stressed in the elastic regime. In macroscopic systems, this phenomenon is expected to manifest as a non-stationary noise modulated by external disturbances applied to the material, a form of mechanical up-conversion of noise. The main motivation for this work is for the case of maraging steel components (cantilevers and wires) in the suspension systems of terrestrial gravitational wave detectors. Such instruments are planned to reach very ambitious displacement sensitivities, and therefore mechanical noise in the cantilevers could prove to be a limiting factor for the detectors’ final sensitivities, mainly due to non-linear up-conversion of low frequency residual seismic motion to the frequencies of interest for the gravitational wave observations. We describe here the experimental setup, with a target sensitivity of 10 −15 m/ Hz in the frequency range of 10–1000 Hz, a simple phenomenological model of the non-linear mechanical noise, and the analysis method that is inspired by this model.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
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    Rapid Seismological Quantification of Source Parameters of the 25 April 2015 Nepal Earthquake (2015)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-29
    Description: The 25 April 2015 M w  7.9 Nepal earthquake is used to explore rapid seismological quantification methods to determine point-source parameters (seismic moment, focal mechanism, radiated energy, and source duration) and rupture directivity parameters (fault length and rupture velocity). Given real-time access to global seismic data, useful results can be obtained from W -phase, energy estimation, cut-and-paste, and backprojection analyses within 20–30 min of origin time or even faster if regional data were openly available (which is not the case at present for stations in China and India). This information can augment ground-shaking prediction procedures such as ShakeMap, which is currently provided by the U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center. For such procedures to achieve their full potential, open access to calibrated high-quality ground-motion recordings at local, regional, and global stations is critical, and this should be embraced internationally.
    Print ISSN: 0895-0695
    Electronic ISSN: 1938-2057
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 7
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    Cowden syndrome-associated germline SDHD variants alter PTEN nuclear translocation through SRC-induced PTEN oxidation (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-11
    Description: Germline mutations in the PTEN tumor-suppressor gene and germline variations in succinate dehydrogenase subunit D gene ( SDHD -G12S, SDHD -H50R) are associated with a subset of Cowden syndrome and Cowden syndrome-like individuals (CS/CSL) and confer high risk of breast, thyroid and other cancers. However, very little is known about the underlying crosstalk between SDHD and PTEN in CS-associated thyroid cancer. Here, we show SDHD -G12S and SDHD -H50R lead to impaired PTEN function through alteration of its subcellular localization accompanied by resistance to apoptosis and induction of migration in both papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma cell lines. Other studies have shown elevated proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (SRC) activity in invasive thyroid cancer cells; so, we explore bosutinib, a specific inhibitor for SRC, to explore SRC as a mediator of SDH-PTEN crosstalk in this context. We show that SRC inhibition could rescue SDHD dysfunction-induced cellular phenotype and tumorigenesis only when wild-type PTEN is expressed, in thyroid cancer lines. Patient lymphoblast cells carrying either SDHD -G12S or SDHD -H50R also show increased nuclear PTEN and more oxidized PTEN after hydrogen peroxide treatment. Like in thyroid cells, bosutinib decreases oxidative PTEN in patient lymphoblast cells carrying SDHD variants, but not in patients carrying both SDHD variants and PTEN truncating mutations. In summary, our data suggest a novel mechanism whereby SDHD germline variants SDHD -G12S or SDHD -H50R induce thyroid tumorigenesis mediated by PTEN accumulation in the nucleus and may shed light on potential treatment with SRC inhibitors like bosutinib in PTEN -wild-type SDHD -variant/mutation positive CS/CSL patients and sporadic thyroid neoplasias.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Loss-free and active optical negative-index metamaterials (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-08-06
    Description: The recently emerged fields of metamaterials and transformation optics promise a family of exciting applications such as invisibility, optical imaging with deeply subwavelength resolution and nanophotonics with the potential for much faster information processing. The possibility of creating optical negative-index metamaterials (NIMs) using nanostructured metal-dielectric composites has triggered intense basic and applied research over the past several years. However, the performance of all NIM applications is significantly limited by the inherent and strong energy dissipation in metals, especially in the near-infrared and visible wavelength ranges. Generally the losses are orders of magnitude too large for the proposed applications, and the reduction of losses with optimized designs seems to be out of reach. One way of addressing this issue is to incorporate gain media into NIM designs. However, whether NIMs with low loss can be achieved has been the subject of theoretical debate. Here we experimentally demonstrate that the incorporation of gain material in the high-local-field areas of a metamaterial makes it possible to fabricate an extremely low-loss and active optical NIM. The original loss-limited negative refractive index and the figure of merit (FOM) of the device have been drastically improved with loss compensation in the visible wavelength range between 722 and 738 nm. In this range, the NIM becomes active such that the sum of the light intensities in transmission and reflection exceeds the intensity of the incident beam. At a wavelength of 737 nm, the negative refractive index improves from -0.66 to -1.017 and the FOM increases from 1 to 26. At 738 nm, the FOM is expected to become macroscopically large, of the order of 10(6). This study demonstrates the possibility of fabricating an optical negative-index metamaterial that is not limited by the inherent loss in its metal constituent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xiao, Shumin -- Drachev, Vladimir P -- Kildishev, Alexander V -- Ni, Xingjie -- Chettiar, Uday K -- Yuan, Hsiao-Kuan -- Shalaev, Vladimir M -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):735-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09278.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Birck Nanotechnology Center and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20686570" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Broadband light bending with plasmonic nanoantennas (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-24
    Description: The precise manipulation of a propagating wave using phase control is a fundamental building block of optical systems. The wavefront of a light beam propagating across an interface can be modified arbitrarily by introducing abrupt phase changes. We experimentally demonstrated unparalleled wavefront control in a broadband optical wavelength range from 1.0 to 1.9 micrometers. This is accomplished by using an extremely thin plasmonic layer (~lambda/50) consisting of an optical nanoantenna array that provides subwavelength phase manipulation on light propagating across the interface. Anomalous light-bending phenomena, including negative angles of refraction and reflection, are observed in the operational wavelength range.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ni, Xingjie -- Emani, Naresh K -- Kildishev, Alexander V -- Boltasseva, Alexandra -- Shalaev, Vladimir M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jan 27;335(6067):427. doi: 10.1126/science.1214686. Epub 2011 Dec 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22194414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Response to comment on "The placental mammal ancestor and the post-K-Pg radiation of placentals" (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-10
    Description: Tree-building with diverse data maximizes explanatory power. Application of molecular clock models to ancient speciation events risks a bias against detection of fast radiations subsequent to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) event. Contrary to Springer et al., post-K-Pg placental diversification does not require "virus-like" substitution rates. Even constraining clade ages to their model, the explosive model best explains placental evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Leary, Maureen A -- Bloch, Jonathan I -- Flynn, John J -- Gaudin, Timothy J -- Giallombardo, Andres -- Giannini, Norberto P -- Goldberg, Suzann L -- Kraatz, Brian P -- Luo, Zhe-Xi -- Meng, Jin -- Ni, Xijun -- Novacek, Michael J -- Perini, Fernando A -- Randall, Zachary -- Rougier, Guillermo W -- Sargis, Eric J -- Silcox, Mary T -- Simmons, Nancy B -- Spaulding, Michelle -- Velazco, Paul M -- Weksler, Marcelo -- Wible, John R -- Cirranello, Andrea L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Aug 9;341(6146):613. doi: 10.1126/science.1238162.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomical Sciences, HSC T-8 (040), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8081, USA. maureen.oleary@stonybrook.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23929968" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Female ; *Fossils ; *Mammals ; *Phylogeny ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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