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  • 1
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    Chemical oceanography. Increasing anthropogenic nitrogen in the North Pacific Ocean (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-29
    Description: The recent increase in anthropogenic emissions of reactive nitrogen from northeastern Asia and the subsequent enhanced deposition over the extensive regions of the North Pacific Ocean (NPO) have led to a detectable increase in the nitrate (N) concentration of the upper ocean. The rate of increase of excess N relative to phosphate (P) was found to be highest (~0.24 micromoles per kilogram per year) in the vicinity of the Asian source continent, with rates decreasing eastward across the NPO, consistent with the magnitude and distribution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. This anthropogenically driven increase in the N content of the upper NPO may enhance primary production in this N-limited region, potentially leading to a long-term change of the NPO from being N-limited to P-limited.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kim, Il-Nam -- Lee, Kitack -- Gruber, Nicolas -- Karl, David M -- Bullister, John L -- Yang, Simon -- Kim, Tae-Wook -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Nov 28;346(6213):1102-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1258396.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea. ; School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea. ktl@postech.ac.kr. ; Environmental Physics Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. ; Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1950 East West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. ; Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA 98115, USA. ; Ocean Circulation and Climate Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, 426-744, Republic of Korea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25430767" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia ; Humans ; Nitrates/*analysis ; Nitrogen/*analysis ; Pacific Ocean ; Phosphates/analysis ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis ; *Water Pollution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Interannual variation in summer N2O concentration in the hypoxic region of the northern Gulf of Mexico, 1985–2007 (2014)
    Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2013. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Biogeosciences 10 (2013): 6783-6792, doi:10.5194/bg-10-6783-2013.
    Description: Microbial nitrous oxide (N2O) production in the ocean is enhanced under low-oxygen (O2) conditions. This is especially important in the context of increasing hypoxia (i.e., oceanic zones with extremely reduced O2 concentrations). Here, we present a study on the interannual variation in summertime nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations in the bottom waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM), which is well-known as the site of the second largest seasonally occurring hypoxic zone worldwide. To this end we developed a simple model that computes bottom-water N2O concentrations with a tri-linear ΔN2O/O2 relationship based on water-column O2 concentrations, derived from summer (July) Texas–Louisiana shelf-wide hydrographic data between 1985 and 2007. ΔN2O (i.e., excess N2O) was computed including nitrification and denitrification as the major microbial production and consumption pathways of N2O. The mean modeled bottom-water N2O concentration for July in the nGOM was 14.5 ± 2.3 nmol L−1 (min: 11.0 ± 4.5 nmol L−1 in 2000 and max: 20.6 ± 11.3 nmol L−1 in 2002). The mean bottom-water N2O concentrations were significantly correlated with the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM. Our modeling analysis indicates that the nGOM is a persistent summer source of N2O, and nitrification is dominating N2O production in this region. Based on the ongoing increase in the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM, we conclude that N2O production (and its subsequent emissions) from this environmentally stressed region will probably continue to increase into the future.
    Description: The preparation of the manuscript was supported by the Mid-career Research Program of the Korea National Research Foundation (No. 2012R1A2A1A01004631) and by Polar Academy Program of the Korea Polar Research Institute. Partial support was also provided by the project titled “Long-term change of structure and function in marine ecosystems of Korea” funded by the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. Support for A. M. Macdonald was provided through NSF grant No. OCE-0926651.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibre from high-substitution cyanoethyl ester of cellulose (1973)
    Springer
    Fibre chemistry 5 (1973), S. 346-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8493
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Technology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00546077
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  • 4
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    Rare and common variants in extracellular matrix gene Fibrillin 2 (FBN2) are associated with macular degeneration (2014)
    Ratnapriya, R., Zhan, X., Fariss, R. N., Branham, K. E., Zipprer, D., Chakarova, C. F., Sergeev, Y. V., Campos, M. M., Othman, M., Friedman, J. S., Maminishkis, A., Waseem, N. H., Brooks, M., Rajasimha, H. K., Edwards, A. O., Lotery, A., Klein, B. E., Truitt, B. J., Li, B., Schaumberg, D. A., Morgan, D. J., Morrison, M. A., Souied, E., Tsironi, E. E., Grassmann, F., Fishman, G. A., Silvestri, G., Scholl, H. P. N., Kim, I. K., Ramke, J., Tuo, J., Merriam, J. E., Merriam, J. C., Park, K. H., Olson, L. M., Farrer, L. A., Johnson, M. P., Peachey, N. S., Lathrop, M., Baron, R. V., Igo, R. P., Klein, R., Hagstrom, S. A., Kamatani, Y., Martin, T. M., Jiang, Y., Conley, Y., Sahel, J.-A., Zack, D. J., Chan, C.-C., Pericak-Vance, M. A., Jacobson, S. G., Gorin, M. B., Klein, M. L., Allikmets, R., Iyengar, S. K., Weber, B. H., Haines, J. L., Leveillard, T., Deangelis, M. M., Stambolian, D., Weeks, D. E., Bhattacharya, S. S., Chew, E. Y., Heckenlively, J. R., Abecasis, G. R., Swaroop, A.
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-09
    Description: Neurodegenerative diseases affecting the macula constitute a major cause of incurable vision loss and exhibit considerable clinical and genetic heterogeneity, from early-onset monogenic disease to multifactorial late-onset age-related macular degeneration (AMD). As part of our continued efforts to define genetic causes of macular degeneration, we performed whole exome sequencing in four individuals of a two-generation family with autosomal dominant maculopathy and identified a rare variant p.Glu1144Lys in Fibrillin 2 (FBN2), a glycoprotein of the elastin-rich extracellular matrix (ECM). Sanger sequencing validated the segregation of this variant in the complete pedigree, including two additional affected and one unaffected individual. Sequencing of 192 maculopathy patients revealed additional rare variants, predicted to disrupt FBN2 function. We then undertook additional studies to explore the relationship of FBN2 to macular disease. We show that FBN2 localizes to Bruch's membrane and its expression appears to be reduced in aging and AMD eyes, prompting us to examine its relationship with AMD. We detect suggestive association of a common FBN2 non-synonymous variant, rs154001 (p.Val965Ile) with AMD in 10 337 cases and 11 174 controls (OR = 1.10; P -value = 3.79 x 10 –5 ). Thus, it appears that rare and common variants in a single gene— FBN2 —can contribute to Mendelian and complex forms of macular degeneration. Our studies provide genetic evidence for a key role of elastin microfibers and Bruch's membrane in maintaining blood–retina homeostasis and establish the importance of studying orphan diseases for understanding more common clinical phenotypes.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    Interannual variation in summer N2O concentration in the hypoxic region of the northern Gulf of Mexico, 1985–2007 (2013)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-03
    Description: We present evidence of temporal variation in nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations in the bottom waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) hypoxic zone. The analysis is based on a conceptual model simulating N2O biogeochemical processes in conjunction with water-column O2 levels, derived from summer Texas–Louisiana shelf-wide hydrographic data for twenty Julys between 1985 and 2007. The mean modeled nGOM N2O concentration was 7.7 ± 6.7 nmol L−1, and was significantly correlated with the areal extent of hypoxia. Our modeling analysis indicates that the nGOM is a persistent summer source of N2O, and nitrification is a primary factor leading to its production in this region. Based on the ongoing increase in the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM, we conclude that N2O emission from this environmentally stressed region will continue to increase into the future contributing to the global increase in greenhouse gases.
    Print ISSN: 1810-6277
    Electronic ISSN: 1810-6285
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 6
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    Interannual variation in summer N2O concentration in the hypoxic region of the northern Gulf of Mexico, 1985–2007 (2013)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-01
    Description: Microbial nitrous oxide (N2O) production in the ocean is enhanced under low-oxygen (O2) conditions. This is especially important in the context of increasing hypoxia (i.e., oceanic zones with extremely reduced O2 concentrations). Here, we present a study on the interannual variation in summertime nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations in the bottom waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM), which is well-known as the site of the second largest seasonally occurring hypoxic zone worldwide. To this end we developed a simple model that computes bottom-water N2O concentrations with a tri-linear ΔN2O/O2 relationship based on water-column O2 concentrations, derived from summer (July) Texas–Louisiana shelf-wide hydrographic data between 1985 and 2007. ΔN2O (i.e., excess N2O) was computed including nitrification and denitrification as the major microbial production and consumption pathways of N2O. The mean modeled bottom-water N2O concentration for July in the nGOM was 14.5 ± 2.3 nmol L−1 (min: 11.0 ± 4.5 nmol L−1 in 2000 and max: 20.6 ± 11.3 nmol L−1 in 2002). The mean bottom-water N2O concentrations were significantly correlated with the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM. Our modeling analysis indicates that the nGOM is a persistent summer source of N2O, and nitrification is dominating N2O production in this region. Based on the ongoing increase in the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM, we conclude that N2O production (and its subsequent emissions) from this environmentally stressed region will probably continue to increase into the future.
    Print ISSN: 1726-4170
    Electronic ISSN: 1726-4189
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 7
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    Anthropogenic impact on Nitrogen Cycle in Mediterranean Sea (2014)
    In:  [Talk] In: 2. Workshop on Marginals Seas in change, 24.-26.09.2014, Busan, Korea .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-28
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    Interannual variation in summer N2O concentration in the hypoxic region of the northern Gulf of Mexico, 1985–2007 (2013)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Biogeosciences (BG), 10 . pp. 6783-6792.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Microbial nitrous oxide (N2O) production in the ocean is enhanced under low-oxygen (O2) conditions. This is especially important in the context of increasing hypoxia (i.e., oceanic zones with extremely reduced O2 concentrations). Here, we present a study on the interannual variation in summertime nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations in the bottom waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM), which is well-known as the site of the second largest seasonally occurring hypoxic zone worldwide. To this end we developed a simple model that computes bottom-water N2O concentrations with a tri-linear 1N2O/O2 relationship based on water-column O2 concentrations, derived from summer (July) Texas–Louisiana shelf-wide hydrographic data between 1985 and 2007. 1N2O (i.e., excess N2O) was computed including nitrification and denitrification as the major microbial production and consumption pathways of N2O. The mean modeled bottom-water N2O concentration for July in the nGOM was 14.5±2.3 nmol L−1 (min: 11.0±4.5 nmol L−1 in 2000 and max: 20.6±11.3 nmol L−1 in 2002). The mean bottom-water N2O concentrations were significantly correlated with the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM. Our modeling analysis indicates that the nGOM is a persistent summer source of N2O, and nitrification is dominating N2O production in this region. Based on the ongoing increase in the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM, we conclude that N2O production (and its subsequent emissions)from this environmentally stressed region will probably continue to increase into the future.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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