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  • 1
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    Use of Rainfall Statistical Return Periods to Determine Threshold for Mass Wasting Events (2010)
    Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-10-26
    Print ISSN: 1078-7275
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE RATIONAL METHOD FOR PEAK FLOW RATE ESTIMATION (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 30 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : The Rational Method continues to be the most widely used approach for estimating P-year return frequency peak flow rates for small catchments of about one square mile or less in area. The Balanced Design Storm unit hydrograph method is perhaps the second most widely used technique for estimating peak flow rates (and is the most widely used method for developing runoff hydrographs) but is generally considered to be more accurate than the Rational Method. In this paper, both of these T-year return frequency peak flow rate estimators are shown to be mathematically comparable. The close similarity between these two approximators may help explain why the Rational Method continues to be widely used even though other more computationally sophisticated techniques are readily available due to widespread computer software.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1994.tb03348.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TWO-DIMENSIONAL DIFFUSION-PROBABILISTIC MODEL OF A SLOW DAM BREAK (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 22 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : A two-dimensional model of a dam-break flood wave is developed by simplifying the St. Venant equations to eliminate local acceleration and inertial terms and combining the simplified equations with continuity to form a diffusion type partial differential equation. This model is cascaded with a two point probability estimate scheme to account for uncertainty in the dam break flood hydrograph and channel roughness. The development and application of the probabilistic model is the main contribution of this paper. The approach is applied to a hypothetical dam break of Long Valley Dam on the Owens River above Bishop, California.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb01882.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of rainfall-runoff performance using the stochastic integral equation method (1989)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 3 (1989), S. 217-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Stochastic integral equation method ; rainfall-runoff models ; confidence interval
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The stochastic integral equation method (S.I.E.M.) is used to evaluate the relative performance of a set of both calibrated and uncalibrated rainfall-runoff models with respect to prediction errors. The S.I.E.M. is also used to estimate confidence (prediction) interval values of a runoff criterion variable, given a prescribed rainfall-runoff model, and a similarity measure used to condition the storms that are utilized for model calibration purposes. Because of the increasing attention given to the issue of uncertainty in rainfall-runoff modeling estimates, the S.I.E.M. provides a promising tool for the hydrologist to consider in both research and design.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543861
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chowdhury and Stedinger's approximate confidence intervals for design floods for a single site (1997)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 11 (1997), S. 51-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A basic problem in hydrology is computing confidence levels for the value of the T-year flood when it is obtained from a Log Pearson III distribution in terms of estimated mean, estimated standard deviation, and estimated skew. In an important paper Chowdhury and Stedinger [1991] suggest a possible formula for approximate confidence levels, involving two functions previously used by Stedinger [1983] and a third function, λ, for which asymptotic estimates are given. This formula is tested [Chowdhury and Stedinger, 1991] by means of simulations, but these simulations assume a distribution for the sample skew which is not, for a single site, the distribution which the sample skew is forced to have by the basic hypothesis which underlies all of the analysis, namely that the maximum discharges have a Log Pearson III distribution. Here we test these approximate formulas for the case of data from a single site by means of simulations in which the sample skew has the distribution which arises when sampling from a Log Pearson III distribution. The formulas are found to be accurate for zero skew but increasingly inaccurate for larger common values of skew. Work in progress indicates that a better choice of λ can improve the accuracy of the formula.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02428425
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The design storm concept in flood control design and planning (1988)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2 (1988), S. 213-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Unit hydrograph ; effective rainfall ; linear routing ; link-node model ; probabilistic model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The design storm approach, where the subject criterion variable is evaluated by using a synthetic storm pattern composed of identical return frequencies of storm pattern input, is shown to be an effective approximation to a considerably more complex probabilistic model. The single area unit hydrograph technique is shown to be an accurate mathematical model of a highly discretized catchment with linear routing for channel flow approximation, and effective rainfalls in subareas which are linear with respect to effective rainfall output for a selected “loss” function. The use of a simple “loss” function which directly equates to the distribution of rainfall depth-duration statistics (such as a constant fraction of rainfall, or a ϕ-index model) is shown to allow the pooling of data and thereby provide a higher level of statistical significance (in estimating T-year outputs for a hydrologic criterion variable) than use of an arbitrary “loss” function. The above design storm unit hydrograph approach is shown to provide the T-year estimate of a criterion variable when using rainfall data to estimate runoff.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01550843
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluating the effect of land development on sediment transport using a probability density function (1993)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 7 (1993), S. 102-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Sedimentation ; probability density function ; synthetic study ; development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract An important problem in sedimentation analysis is the development of a channel section that preserves, as best as possible, the current sedimentation regime even though the flood frequency tendencies have been altered due to land development within the catchment. In order to accomplish this task, a methodology is needed that estimates sediment transport capacity for various channel configurations. Such a procedure is described which allows the computation of the total sediment transport capacity for each of several T-year return frequency runoff hydrographs. This information is used to obtain an approximate probability distribution for the total sediment transport capacity, and the mean and standard deviation of this distribution are computed. Comparing the results for the catchment in its present state with a future developed state, using a selection of new channel parameters, indicates how to improve the channel to control changes in sedimentation due to development. The analysis procedure provides a basis for estimating a new channel configuration such that the new flow conditions retain, as best as possible, the existing condition sedimentation effects, and hence retain the natural sediment supply and transport trends even though runoff flow rates have changed due to land development within the catchment. The results of Wilson Creek are typical of the several sites examined, see Table 3 below. The T=2, T=5, T=25, and T=100 year values for total sediment transport capacity, in kilotons, are 6.9, 39.4, 61.3, and 96.7 with a mean of 17.1 and standard deviation of 19.3. After development with no change in the channel the respective values increase to: 17.9, 84.6, 128.1, and 258.0 with a mean of 39.1 and standard deviation of 44.3. A new channel can be constructed which will reduce these sediment transport capacity values, after development, to 5.2, 41.0, 62.0, and 124.8 with a mean of 17.4 and standard deviation of 22.0.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581419
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confidence intervals for flood control design (1988)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2 (1988), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543457
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model of groundwater contaminant transport using the CVBEM (1986)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 1 (1986), S. 105-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The Complex Variable Boundary Element Method or CVBEM has been used to develop a simple but powerful numerical analog of contaminant transport in a saturated, confined groundwater aquifer. The presented numerical technique is based upon a mean-square fit of the boundary conditions which includes the effects of sources and sinks defined within the problem domain. The numerical analogue produces locations of streamlines and the time-evolution of the contaminant front location.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00277695
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollutant loadings generated by nonpoint sources in the Santa Monica Bay Drainage Basin: A case study (1994)
    Springer
    Water resources management 8 (1994), S. 327-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Nonpoint source pollutants ; BMPs ; best management practices
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract The Santa Monica Bay provides a number of beneficial uses. To protect these, best management practices that control urban runoff should be utilized. In order to determine the types of best management practices to be used, an estimation of nonpoint source pollutant loads generated by the Santa Monica Drainage Basin is needed. Local land use, runoff, and chemical data were used to estimate pollutant loads from nonpoint source pollution and pollutant loads by land use in three subbasins of the Santa Monica Drainage Basin: namely, Ballona Creek, Malibu Creek, and Topanga Creek. The time period of available data was May 1988 to May 1990. The study found that (1) nonpoint source pollutant loads may be derived from local data, (2) pollutant loads by land use could not be derived because of lack of data, (3) an evaluation of seasonal pollutant loads fails to show significant trends. It is possible to evaluate pollutant loads that need control by best management practices in the Santa Monica Bay Drainage Basin by utilizing the pollutant load estimates of this study with pollutant impacts to beneficial uses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00872405
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