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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apatite Induction on Ca-Containing Titania Formed by Micro-Arc Oxidation (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Ca-containing, particularly CaTiO3, titania films were prepared by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) of Ti in an electrolytic solution containing calcium acetate monohydrate (CA), and their apatite-inducing ability was evaluated in a simulated body fluid (SBF). The phase, Ca content, and morphology of the films were found to be strongly dependent on the applied voltage. The CaTiO3-embedded titania was obtained at higher voltages (〉300 V). When immersed in SBF, no apatite was induced in all the MAO specimens irrespective of the presence of CaTiO3, which has been claimed to be an apatite inducer. However, after a hydrothermal treatment at 250°C, apatite was formed on the surfaces of the CaTiO3-embedded titania after 28 days, which was closely related to the formation of amorphous Ca(OH)2 and presumably surface Ti–OH groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00476.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of the Liquid-Forming Additive Content on the Kinetics of Abnormal Grain Growth in Alumina (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Alumina specimens with various amounts of CaO and SiO2 (1:2 ratio) were prepared, and their abnormal grain growth (AGG) kinetics were investigated. A plot of the area fraction covered by abnormal grains versus log (sintering time) had a sigmoidal shape with an apparent incubation period before the onset of AGG. The overall kinetics of AGG was similar to that of a phase transformation controlled by nucleation and growth. The incubation time and the end point of AGG were strongly dependent on the amount of liquid-forming additives. Correspondingly, the final microstructure was affected by the liquid content: a large grain size and a high aspect ratio at low liquid content and a small grain size and a low aspect ratio at high liquid content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03486.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative Explanation for the Role of Magnesia in the Sintering of Alumina Containing Small Amounts of a Liquid Phase (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The microstructural evolution during sintering of Al2O3 was investigated to determine the role of MgO additive, particularly when its concentration is very low (〈200 ppm). Compared with specimens without MgO, a few Al2O3 grains were observed to grow enormously after the addition of 50 or 100 ppm MgO. When MgO content was increased to 200 ppm, on the other hand, the overall grain growth process was accelerated and many growing grains impinged on each other. In this case, therefore, a fine and unimodal grained microstructure was obtained. Sintering of Al2O3 in a MgO atmosphere further supported the promotion of grain growth by MgO. It is proposed that MgO promotes the grain growth of Al2O3 either by lowering the edge energy or by roughening the interface structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03351.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics with Various Porosities and Dissolution Rates (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Porous bioceramics, such as hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and biphasic HA/TCP, were fabricated using the polyurethane sponge technique. The porosity of the ceramics was controlled by a multiple coating of the porous body. When a porous body was produced by a single coating, the porosity was ∼90%, and the pores were completely interconnected. When the sintered body was coated five times after the porous network had been made, the porosity decreased to 65%. As the porosity decreased, the strength increased exponentially. The TCP exhibited the highest dissolution rate in a Ringer's solution, and the HA had the lowest rate. The biphasic HA/TCP showed an intermediate dissolution rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00599.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Surface Impurities on the Microstructure Development during Sintering of Alumina (2001)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Microstructural evolution during sintering of alumina powder compacts prepared by cold isostatic pressing (CIP) was monitored. For CIP, rubber molds lubricated with silicone oil were used so that a very small amount of impurity was introduced to the surface of the powder compacts. During sintering at 1600°C, grain growth in the surface region was inhibited up to sintering for 1 h, but subsequently abnormal grain growth occurred. In the inner region, however, the grains grew uniformly without abnormal grain growth. Impurities that initially drag the boundary migration but form liquid at the end are suggested to cause abnormal grain growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00846.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of Textured Mullite by Templated Grain Growth (1999)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 82 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Highly textured mullite was obtained by enhancing anisotropic grain growth by TiO2 doping and by templating grain growth on oriented acicular mullite seed particles in a mullite precursor. Upon heating, the mullite precursor crystallized and densified to an equiaxed microstructure of 1-2 µm mullite grains at which time the mullite seed particles grew rapidly in the length direction (c-axis) to produce a highly textured microstructure. By changing the seed (template) particle concentration, a range of oriented microstructures and anisotropic grains could be produced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01847.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mullite Transformation Kinetics in P2O5-, TiO2-, and B2O3-Doped Aluminosilicate Gels (1997)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Mullite transformation kinetics of sol-gel-derived diphasic mullite gels doped with P2O5, TiO2, and B2O3 were studied using quantitative X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The mullite transformation temperature initially increased with P2O5 doping because of phase separation and formation of α-alumina and cristobalite. In TiO2-doped samples, the mullite transformation temperature decreased with TiO2 doping, and the transformation rate increased with decreasing TiO2 particle size. Kinetic studies showed that titania reduced the activation energy for both nucleation and growth relative to pure diphasic mullite gels by lowering the glass viscosity and/or enhancing the solid-state mass transport through lattice defects. B2O3 doping decreased the mullite transformation temperature and lowered the activation energy for both nucleation and growth but especially affected the mullite nucleation process, as indicated by the much smaller grain size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03015.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) of NASICON Ceramics (2004)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Spark plasma sintering (SPS) method was used to obtain dense NASICON ceramics with a high-electrical conductivity, which was compared with conventional solid-state sintering. The fully dense NASICON was achieved at a relatively low-sintering temperature of 1100°C, whereas the apparent density of the specimen prepared by conventional sintering was 74% of the theoretical density. The highest conductivity of 1.8 × 10−3 Scm−1 at 25°C, which is comparable to the best value reported, was achieved using the SPS process. Considering the phase, density, and microstructure, it appears that there is more room for improved conductivity by controlling the amount of monoclinic zirconia and the resistive grain-boundary glass phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00305.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uniform Coating of Nanometer-Scale BaTiO3 Layer on Spherical Ni Particles via Hydrothermal Conversion of Ti-Hydroxide (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A uniform BaTiO3 nano layer was coated on spherical Ni particles for multilayer ceramic capacitor applications via a Ti-hydroxide coating using the controlled hydrolysis of a TiCl4 butanol solution containing (C2H5)2NH (diethylamine, DEA) and its subsequent hydrothermal reaction at various [Ba(OH)2], residual [DEA], and hydrothermal temperatures. The hydrothermal conversion was successful at [Ba(OH)2]≥0.065M (Ba/Ti≥1.3) and T≥150°C, and the residual DEA in the Ti-hydroxide coating layer not only affected the formation of the BaTiO3 phase but also resulted in a rough surface morphology. When a minimal amount of DEA was involved in the formation of Ti-hydroxide, a uniform BaTiO3 coating with a clean surface morphology could be attained, which was confirmed by elemental mapping of the coated powder and the observation of hollow spheres after removing the Ni core. The BaTiO3 coating was very effective not only in preventing Ni oxidation but also in shifting the starting point of Ni densification to a higher temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00104.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Minor Ions on the Stability and Hydration Rates of β-Dicalcium Silicate (2004)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effects of Al3+, B3+, P5+, Fe3+, S6+, and K+ ions on the stability of the β-phase and its hydration rate were studied in reactive dicalcium silicate (C2S, Ca2SiO4) synthesized using the Pechini process. In particular, the dependences of the phase stability and degree of hydration on the calcination temperature (i.e., particle size) and the concentration of the stabilizing ions were investigated. The phase evolution in doped C2S was determined using XRD, and the degree of hydration was estimated by the peak intensity ratio of the hydrates to the nonhydrates in 29Si MAS NMR spectra. The stabilizing ability of the ions varied significantly, and the B3+ ions were quite effective in stabilizing the β-phase over a wide range of doping concentrations. The hydration results indicated that differently stabilized β-C2S hydrated at different rates, and Al3+- and B3+-doped C2S exhibited increased degree of hydration for all doping concentration ranges investigated. The effect of the doping concentration on degree of hydration was strongly dependent on the stabilizing ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00900.x
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