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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 178 (1977), S. 2335-2349 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A method of solution fractionation by direct extraction is described for the purposes of determining molecular weight distributions and preparing almost monodisperse fractions. Unexpectedly, rapid phase equilibration is obtained by vigorous vibrational agitation of powdered polymers in corresponding solvent systems. In the case of high density polyethylene, phase equilibration proceeds within 5 min and is independent of particle size up to a diameter of 1 mm. Molecular weight distributions determined by the direct extraction technique deviate only slightly from those obtained by conventional gel permeation chromatography. Besides polyethylene also other well-known polymers were fractionated by this method. It is especially well applicable to partially crystalline polymers, but less applicable to amorphous polymers.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 37 (1974), S. 97-103 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Solution properties of polyoctenamers were studied. A relation [η]-M in toluene at 25°C was elucidated. The kθ-value derived from this relation agrees quite well with similar data of polybutadiene, polypentenamer and polyethylene. No evidence was found for the existence of cyclic structures in polyoctenamers.
    Notes: Lösungseigenschaften von Polyoctenameren wurden untersucht. Eine Viskositäts-Molekulargewichts-Beziehung in Toluol bei 25°C wurde ermittelt. Der daraus abgeleitete kθ-Wert stimmt mit den für Polybutadien, und Polyäthylen bekannten Werten überein. Ein Hinweis auf die Existenz von ringförmigen Makromolekülen konnte nicht gefunden werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 47 (1975), S. 111-128 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: A Raman spectroscopical method allowing the evaluation of polyene sequences in heat-treated polyvinylchloride (PVC) samples is described. The enormous increase of Raman scattering with increasing number of conjugated double bonds, utilizing the Raman resonance phenomenon, renders the laser Raman spectroscopy an extremely sensitive analytical method.A polyene sequence length of n ∼ 20 could be deduced from the frequency of the resonance line. This frequency was independent of the amount of HCl split off within the limits of 1·10-4 to 0,1 wt.-% HCl. The activation energy of HCl-elimination for a graft copolymer of vinyl chloride onto poly(ethylene-vinylacetate) was found to be EA = 32,7 kcal/mole by both Raman spectroscopy and conventional detection from the elimination reaction. A commercial suspension PVC showed evidence of polyene sequence formation already at 60°C.
    Notes: Es wird die ramanspektroskopische Bestimmung von Polyensequenzen im thermisch gealterten Polyvinylchlorid (PVC) beschrieben. Aufgrund der enormen Zunahme der Ramanstreuung mit steigender Zahl konjugierter Doppelbindungen erweist sich die Laser-Ramanspektroskopie unter Ausnutzung des Resonanz-Ramaneffektes als eine hochempfindliche analytische Methode.Aus der Frequenz der Resonanz-Ramanlinien ergab sich eine Polyensequenzlänge von n ∼ 20. Sie war in dem untersuchten Bereich von 1·10-4% bis 0,1% abgespaltener Salzsäure unabhängig vom Zersetzungsgrad. Für ein Vinylchlorid-Äthylen-Vinylacetat-Pfropfcopolymerisat wurde sowohl über die abgespaltene Salzsäure als auch über Ramanintensität der Polyensequenzen eine Aktivierungsenergie von EA = 32,7 kcal/Mol für die Dehydrochlorierung gemessen. An einem Suspensions-PVC konnte ramanspektroskopisch eine Polyenbildung schon bei einer Temperatureinwirkung von 60 °C nachgewiesen werden.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 74 (1978), S. 93-103 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: From poly(alkylene terephthalates) (n = 2, 3, 4) with intrinsic viscosities of 0.75-0.80 dl/g the cyclic oligomers with x = 2, 3, 4 were extracted and analysed by gel permeation chromatography. For comparison with the experimental equilibrium contents of cyclic oligomers the molar cyclization constants Kx were calculated according to Jacobson and Stockmayer. To describe the statistical conformations of the corresponding open chain molecules (end-to-end distances) the rotational isomeric state model of Flory and Williams was used.
    Notes: Aus Poly(alkylenterephthalaten) mit Viskositätszahlen von 0,75-0,80 dl/g wurden die cyclischen Oligomeren mit x = 2,3,4 extrahiert und gelchromatographisch analysiert. Zum Vergleich mit den experimentellen Gleichgewichtsgehalten an cyclischen Oligomeren wurden die molaren Cyclisierungskonstanten Kx nach Jacobson und Stockmayer berechnet. Zur Beschreibung der statistischen Konformationen der entsprechenden offenkettigen Moleküle (Fadenendenabstände) wurde das Rotationsisomerenmodell von Flory und Williams benutzt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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