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  • 1
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    From marrow to brain: expression of neuronal phenotypes in adult mice (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-12-02
    Description: After intravascular delivery of genetically marked adult mouse bone marrow into lethally irradiated normal adult hosts, donor-derived cells expressing neuronal proteins (neuronal phenotypes) developed in the central nervous system. Flow cytometry revealed a population of donor-derived cells in the brain with characteristics distinct from bone marrow. Confocal microscopy of individual cells showed that hundreds of marrow-derived cells in brain sections expressed gene products typical of neurons (NeuN, 200-kilodalton neurofilament, and class III beta-tubulin) and were able to activate the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). The generation of neuronal phenotypes in the adult brain 1 to 6 months after an adult bone marrow transplant demonstrates a remarkable plasticity of adult tissues with potential clinical applications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brazelton, T R -- Rossi, F M -- Keshet, G I -- Blau, H M -- AG09521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- CA59717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD18179/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 1;290(5497):1775-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Pharmacology, CCSR 4215, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5175, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11099418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Bone Marrow Cells/*cytology ; *Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Brain/*cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Size ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Luminescent Proteins/analysis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis/genetics ; Neurons/chemistry/*cytology/metabolism ; Olfactory Bulb/cytology ; Phenotype ; Phosphorylation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Immune response and myoblasts that express Fas ligand (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-12-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kang, S M -- Hoffmann, A -- Le, D -- Springer, M L -- Stock, P G -- Blau, H M -- F32 HL08991/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA59717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-HD18179/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Nov 14;278(5341):1322-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9411754" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD95/biosynthesis ; Apoptosis ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Transplantation ; Fas Ligand Protein ; *Graft Rejection ; Immune Tolerance ; Islets of Langerhans/cytology ; *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/*cytology/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/*cytology/metabolism ; Neutrophils/*immunology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Reprogramming towards pluripotency requires AID-dependent DNA demethylation (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-23
    Description: Reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei to yield induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells makes possible derivation of patient-specific stem cells for regenerative medicine. However, iPS cell generation is asynchronous and slow (2-3 weeks), the frequency is low (〈0.1%), and DNA demethylation constitutes a bottleneck. To determine regulatory mechanisms involved in reprogramming, we generated interspecies heterokaryons (fused mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and human fibroblasts) that induce reprogramming synchronously, frequently and fast. Here we show that reprogramming towards pluripotency in single heterokaryons is initiated without cell division or DNA replication, rapidly (1 day) and efficiently (70%). Short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown showed that activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID, also known as AICDA) is required for promoter demethylation and induction of OCT4 (also known as POU5F1) and NANOG gene expression. AID protein bound silent methylated OCT4 and NANOG promoters in fibroblasts, but not active demethylated promoters in ES cells. These data provide new evidence that mammalian AID is required for active DNA demethylation and initiation of nuclear reprogramming towards pluripotency in human somatic cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2906123/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2906123/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhutani, Nidhi -- Brady, Jennifer J -- Damian, Mara -- Sacco, Alessandra -- Corbel, Stephane Y -- Blau, Helen M -- AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AI007328/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-25/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987-05/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007328/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL100397/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Feb 25;463(7284):1042-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08752.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5175, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20027182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming/genetics/*physiology ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Cytidine Deaminase/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA Replication ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/enzymology/*metabolism ; Lung/cytology/embryology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Self-renewal and expansion of single transplanted muscle stem cells (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-23
    Description: Adult muscle satellite cells have a principal role in postnatal skeletal muscle growth and regeneration. Satellite cells reside as quiescent cells underneath the basal lamina that surrounds muscle fibres and respond to damage by giving rise to transient amplifying cells (progenitors) and myoblasts that fuse with myofibres. Recent experiments showed that, in contrast to cultured myoblasts, satellite cells freshly isolated or satellite cells derived from the transplantation of one intact myofibre contribute robustly to muscle repair. However, because satellite cells are known to be heterogeneous, clonal analysis is required to demonstrate stem cell function. Here we show that when a single luciferase-expressing muscle stem cell is transplanted into the muscle of mice it is capable of extensive proliferation, contributes to muscle fibres, and Pax7(+)luciferase(+) mononucleated cells can be readily re-isolated, providing evidence of muscle stem cell self-renewal. In addition, we show using in vivo bioluminescence imaging that the dynamics of muscle stem cell behaviour during muscle repair can be followed in a manner not possible using traditional retrospective histological analyses. By imaging luciferase activity, real-time quantitative and kinetic analyses show that donor-derived muscle stem cells proliferate and engraft rapidly after injection until homeostasis is reached. On injury, donor-derived mononucleated cells generate massive waves of cell proliferation. Together, these results show that the progeny of a single luciferase-expressing muscle stem cell can both self-renew and differentiate after transplantation in mice, providing new evidence at the clonal level that self-renewal is an autonomous property of a single adult muscle stem cell.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2919355/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2919355/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sacco, Alessandra -- Doyonnas, Regis -- Kraft, Peggy -- Vitorovic, Stefan -- Blau, Helen M -- AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-24/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-25/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961-06A2/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961-07/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987-04/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987-05/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 27;456(7221):502-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07384. Epub 2008 Sep 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Baxter Laboratory in Genetic Pharmacology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stem Cell Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5175, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18806774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD/metabolism ; Antigens, CD34/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Homeostasis ; Integrin alpha Chains/metabolism ; Luminescent Measurements ; Mice ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology ; Muscles/*cytology ; *Regeneration ; Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/*cytology ; *Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    Designing materials to direct stem-cell fate (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-27
    Description: Proper tissue function and regeneration rely on robust spatial and temporal control of biophysical and biochemical microenvironmental cues through mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Biomaterials are rapidly being developed to display and deliver stem-cell-regulatory signals in a precise and near-physiological fashion, and serve as powerful artificial microenvironments in which to study and instruct stem-cell fate both in culture and in vivo. Further synergism of cell biological and biomaterials technologies promises to have a profound impact on stem-cell biology and provide insights that will advance stem-cell-based clinical approaches to tissue regeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908011/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908011/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lutolf, Matthias P -- Gilbert, Penney M -- Blau, Helen M -- AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG020961/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- CA09151/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL096113/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-24/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-25/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961-06A2/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961-07/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL096113/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL096113-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009151/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 26;462(7272):433-41. doi: 10.1038/nature08602.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. matthias.lutolf@epfl.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19940913" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biocompatible Materials/*therapeutic use ; Cell Communication ; *Cell Lineage/physiology ; Humans ; Regenerative Medicine/*methods ; Stem Cell Niche ; Stem Cells/*cytology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Nuclear reprogramming to a pluripotent state by three approaches (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-06-11
    Description: The stable states of differentiated cells are now known to be controlled by dynamic mechanisms that can easily be perturbed. An adult cell can therefore be reprogrammed, altering its pattern of gene expression, and hence its fate, to that typical of another cell type. This has been shown by three distinct experimental approaches to nuclear reprogramming: nuclear transfer, cell fusion and transcription-factor transduction. Using these approaches, nuclei from 'terminally differentiated' somatic cells can be induced to express genes that are typical of embryonic stem cells, which can differentiate to form all of the cell types in the body. This remarkable discovery of cellular plasticity has important medical applications.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2901154/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2901154/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamanaka, Shinya -- Blau, Helen M -- AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG020961/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HL096113/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-25/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961-07/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL096113/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL096113-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL100397/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 10;465(7299):704-12. doi: 10.1038/nature09229.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20535199" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amphibians/embryology ; Animals ; Cell Fusion ; Cellular Reprogramming/genetics/*physiology ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Mammals ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Transduction, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Systemic delivery of human growth hormone by injection of genetically engineered myoblasts (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-12-06
    Description: A recombinant gene encoding human growth hormone (hGH) was stably introduced into cultured myoblasts with a retroviral vector. After injection of genetically engineered myoblasts into mouse muscle, hGH could be detected in serum for 3 months. The fate of injected myoblasts was assessed by coinfecting the cells with two retroviral vectors, one encoding hGH and the other encoding beta-galactosidase from Escherichia coli. These results provide evidence that myoblasts, which can fuse into preexisting multinucleated myofibers that are vascularized and innervated, may be advantageous as vehicles for systemic delivery of recombinant proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dhawan, J -- Pan, L C -- Pavlath, G K -- Travis, M A -- Lanctot, A M -- Blau, H M -- AG-09521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HD-18179/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Dec 6;254(5037):1509-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1962213" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Clone Cells ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Therapy/*methods ; Growth Hormone/*administration & dosage ; Humans ; Mice ; Muscles/*cytology ; Recombinant Proteins/*administration & dosage ; *Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Substrate elasticity regulates skeletal muscle stem cell self-renewal in culture (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-22
    Description: Stem cells that naturally reside in adult tissues, such as muscle stem cells (MuSCs), exhibit robust regenerative capacity in vivo that is rapidly lost in culture. Using a bioengineered substrate to recapitulate key biophysical and biochemical niche features in conjunction with a highly automated single-cell tracking algorithm, we show that substrate elasticity is a potent regulator of MuSC fate in culture. Unlike MuSCs on rigid plastic dishes (approximately 10(6) kilopascals), MuSCs cultured on soft hydrogel substrates that mimic the elasticity of muscle (12 kilopascals) self-renew in vitro and contribute extensively to muscle regeneration when subsequently transplanted into mice and assayed histologically and quantitatively by noninvasive bioluminescence imaging. Our studies provide novel evidence that by recapitulating physiological tissue rigidity, propagation of adult muscle stem cells is possible, enabling future cell-based therapies for muscle-wasting diseases.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2929271/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2929271/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilbert, P M -- Havenstrite, K L -- Magnusson, K E G -- Sacco, A -- Leonardi, N A -- Kraft, P -- Nguyen, N K -- Thrun, S -- Lutolf, M P -- Blau, H M -- 2 T32 HD007249/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- 52005886/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG020961/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- CA09151/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL096113/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-25/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961-06A2/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961-07/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL096113/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL096113-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009151/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009151-35/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 HD007249/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- T32 HD007249-25/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL100397/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL100397-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 27;329(5995):1078-81. doi: 10.1126/science.1191035. Epub 2010 Jul 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20647425" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Culture Techniques/*methods ; Cell Death ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Separation ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Elastic Modulus ; Hydrogels ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, SCID ; Mice, Transgenic ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/*cytology/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/*cytology ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Regeneration ; Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/cytology ; Stem Cell Niche/*physiology ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells/cytology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Plasticity of the differentiated state (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-15
    Description: Heterokaryons provide a model system in which to examine how tissue-specific phenotypes arise and are maintained. When muscle cells are fused with nonmuscle cells, muscle gene expression is activated in the nonmuscle cell type. Gene expression was studied either at a single cell level with monoclonal antibodies or in mass cultures at a biochemical and molecular level. In all of the nonmuscle cell types tested, including representatives of different embryonic lineages, phenotypes, and developmental stages, muscle gene expression was induced. Differences among cell types in the kinetics, frequency, and gene dosage requirements for gene expression provide clues to the underlying regulatory mechanisms. These results show that the expression of genes in the nuclei of differentiated cells is remarkably plastic and susceptible to modulation by the cytoplasm. The isolation of the genes encoding the tissue-specific trans-acting regulators responsible for muscle gene activation should now be possible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blau, H M -- Pavlath, G K -- Hardeman, E C -- Chiu, C P -- Silberstein, L -- Webster, S G -- Miller, S C -- Webster, C -- GM07149/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM26717/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD18179/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):758-66.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2414846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure ; Epidermis/cytology ; Fetus/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; HeLa Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Keratins/physiology ; Kinetics ; Liver/cytology ; Mice ; Muscle Development ; Muscles/cytology ; Myosins/genetics ; Phenotype ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transcriptional Activation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Contribution of transplanted bone marrow cells to Purkinje neurons in human adult brains (2003)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-02-07
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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