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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 8169-8178 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A laboratory x-ray diffractometer for surface and thin-film studies is presented. Ex situ structural characterization of FeSi2 films epitaxially grown on Si(111) is reported. Both specular and nonspecular reflectivities are measured on β-FeSi2 films grown by solid-phase epitaxy and reactive deposition epitaxy techniques. A detailed comparison is performed of the electron density profile of the films normal to the surface, as well as of their surface roughness. In-plane diffraction is also measured at grazing incidence. For the β-FeSi2 sample investigated, the (110) epitaxy on Si(111) is clearly shown. For a film grown by molecular-beam-epitaxy codeposition at 550 °C, the existence of a new metastable phase which is in registry with silicon along the Si〈1¯ 10〉 direction and slightly out of registry, (3.0±1.0)% compressed along the Si〈112¯〉 direction, is reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 5105-5108 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray reflectivity measurements were made on Si(001) crystals containing a delta-doping layer of Sb atoms a few nanometers below the surface. The measurements show the Sb doping profile to be abrupt towards the substrate side of the sample and to decay towards the surface with a characteristic decay length of 1.01 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Clusters of iron, cobalt, and nickel are produced in a laser vaporization source. The size distributions of the incident clusters are checked by time-of-flight mass spectrometry before deposition at low energy. Studying the near threshold photoionization, Con and Nin clusters exhibit an icosahedral structure while for iron, no clear structure emerges. Neutral clusters were deposited on different substrates at room temperature with thicknesses up to 100 nm in view to determine their structure and magnetic properties. A limited coalescence of the clusters is observed from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. No icosahedron has been observed but cuboctahedron and interface twins between adjacent particles have been clearly identified in Ni films. Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction experiments reveal a classical phase with grain size around 6 and 4 nm for Fe and Ni films, respectively but an anomalous fcc phase for Co films and a very low grain size of 2 nm. The density of films determined by x-ray reflectivity was estimated to represent only 60%–65% of the bulk density. Magnetic behaviors studied by ferromagnetic resonance and SQUID magnetization measurements have been interpreted using the correlated spin glass model. Mössbauer spectra performed on Fe films at zero field revealed the presence of 20% of iron in the form of thin nonmagnetic oxide skin surrounding Fe grains which allow to find 2.2 μB per magnetic iron atom in agreement with macroscopic magnetic measurements. Nevertheless we found an anomalous reduced atomic moment for Ni film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3341-3343 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Existence of a simple magnetostatic mode localized around a hole drilled in an infinite ferromagnetic medium was recently verified by the present authors. In this experiment, the conditions of an infinitely long hole were reproduced by placing a drilled ferromagnetic plate (an yttrium iron garnet crystal) between two silver coated soft iron blocks which acted as "magnetic mirrors.'' In the present work, using similar arrangements, we report further results on hole magnetostatic resonance: By measuring the unloaded linewidth as a function for frequency on various samples, we show that for hole aspect ratio near unity the dominant loss of the resonator still comes from the ferromagnetic material and not from the mirrors. We also report observation of hole resonance in low-loss ceramic samples, and as a tentative illustration we briefly demonstrate application of hole resonance to single-pole transmission filters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 3362-3365 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We calculate the spin anisotropy of ferromagnetic monolayers of Fe, Ni, V, and Co. We find the easy direction of magnetization is perpendicular to the plane of the monolayer for Fe and V, but in the plane for Ni and Co. The result for Fe explains why spin splitting but no spin polarization is observed in recent photoemission experiments on Fe monolayers. For thicker ferromagnetic slabs, the depolarization energy will quickly overwhelm the spin anisotropy and force the moment into the plane of the slab. This is illustrated by calculations for thicker slabs of Fe. Preliminary calculations of the anisotropy of a monolayer of Fe on Ag indicate that the Ag must be treated fully relativistically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 5 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: The environmental implications of implementing the requirement for treatment of coastal sewage prior to discharge, which were put forward in an EC draft Directive on municipal waste-water treatment, are examined. In order to establish the current situation, the results of a national survey of coastal and estuarine sewage discharges are presented. A review of the impact of sewage discharges on the marine environment is presented in conjunction with an assessment of the impact of sewage-treatment processes on the land and in the air. These aspects are integrated into overall conclusions about net environmental impact. Finally, a decision-tree approach to the assignment of priority to additional action required at individual locations is developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Abacus 33 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-6281
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The conventional accounting notion of ‘going concern’, that a firm will continue business operations in the same manner indefinitely, has influenced accounting thought and practice throughout this century. An alternative view, widely upheld in the literatures of economics and organizational behaviour, is that firms are generally innovative and adapt to changes in market and economic conditions. These conflicting ideas are put under inquiry by examining the business policies and practices of the four major Australian banks over the period 1983 to 1994. We conclude on analytical grounds that conventional cost allocation and deferral practices, being based on the static or conventional idea of a ‘going concern’, are flawed and yield balance sheets that are not indicative of the financial capacity of firms to engage in commerce at any time. We conclude on empirical grounds that the Australian banks, at least, are generally innovative and adaptive enterprises.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 1 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physica B: Physics of Condensed Matter 198 (1994), S. 240-242 
    ISSN: 0921-4526
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Crystal Growth 125 (1992), S. 33-41 
    ISSN: 0022-0248
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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