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  • 1
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    Tuning the catalytic property of nitrogen-doped graphene for cathode oxygen reduction reaction (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-27
    Description: Author(s): Yexin Feng, Feifei Li, Zhenpeng Hu, Xiaoguang Luo, Lixin Zhang, Xiang-Feng Zhou, Hui-Tian Wang, Jing-Jun Xu, and E. G. Wang Based on first principles method, the catalytic property of nitrogen-doped graphene is investigated for cathode oxygen reduction reaction. It is revealed that nitrogen clusters other than the isolated one are the most efficient catalytic sites for oxygen reduction. Codoping boron (or Fe, Co) can eff... [Phys. Rev. B 85, 155454] Published Thu Apr 26, 2012
    Keywords: Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 2
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    Superconductivity modulated by quantum size effects (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-14
    Description: We have fabricated ultrathin lead films on silicon substrates with atomic-scale control of the thickness over a macroscopic area. We observed oscillatory behavior of the superconducting transition temperature when the film thickness was increased by one atomic layer at a time. This oscillating behavior was shown to be a manifestation of the Fabry-Perot interference modes of electron de Broglie waves (quantum well states) in the films, which modulate the electron density of states near the Fermi level and the electron-phonon coupling, which are the two factors that control superconductivity transitions. This result suggests the possibility of modifying superconductivity and other physical properties of a thin film by exploiting well-controlled and thickness-dependent quantum size effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guo, Yang -- Zhang, Yan-Feng -- Bao, Xin-Yu -- Han, Tie-Zhu -- Tang, Zhe -- Zhang, Li-Xin -- Zhu, Wen-Guang -- Wang, E G -- Niu, Qian -- Qiu, Z Q -- Jia, Jin-Feng -- Zhao, Zhong-Xian -- Xue, Qi-Kun -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 10;306(5703):1915-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15591197" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Simulating the magnetic field/transfer phenomenon of the tundish with channel type inducting heating (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-14
    Description: The tundish with channel type inducting heating is usually used to stabilize the superheat of molten steel, and remove the non-metallic inclusions. In order to research the transfer characteristics comprehensively, A mathematical model including electromagnetic field, flow and heat transfer is established to investigate the distribution of magnetic flux density, electromagnetic force (EMF), joule heat, flow and temperature field. The results indicate that the effective area of electromagnetic field mainly contains the channels, moreover, the region near the side walls contacting with channels also belongs to it. Therefore, the EMF generated in this area affects the flow pattern in pouring chamber and distribution chamber, and the pinch force produced in the channels also makes the molten steel rotate strongly. A comparison of flow field between the tundishs with and without induction heating implies that compared with the EMF, the thermal buoyancy has little influence on the flo...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 4
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    Nuclear quantum effects of hydrogen bonds probed by tip-enhanced inelastic electron tunneling (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-16
    Description: We report the quantitative assessment of nuclear quantum effects on the strength of a single hydrogen bond formed at a water-salt interface, using tip-enhanced inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy based on a scanning tunneling microscope. The inelastic scattering cross section was resonantly enhanced by "gating" the frontier orbitals of water via a chlorine-terminated tip, so the hydrogen-bonding strength can be determined with high accuracy from the red shift in the oxygen-hydrogen stretching frequency of water. Isotopic substitution experiments combined with quantum simulations reveal that the anharmonic quantum fluctuations of hydrogen nuclei weaken the weak hydrogen bonds and strengthen the relatively strong ones. However, this trend can be completely reversed when a hydrogen bond is strongly coupled to the polar atomic sites of the surface.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guo, Jing -- Lu, Jing-Tao -- Feng, Yexin -- Chen, Ji -- Peng, Jinbo -- Lin, Zeren -- Meng, Xiangzhi -- Wang, Zhichang -- Li, Xin-Zheng -- Wang, En-Ge -- Jiang, Ying -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 15;352(6283):321-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf2042.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. ; School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China. ; International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China. ; School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. xzli@pku.edu.cn egwang@pku.edu.cn yjiang@pku.edu.cn. ; International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. xzli@pku.edu.cn egwang@pku.edu.cn yjiang@pku.edu.cn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27081066" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Quantized Water Transport: Ideal Desalination through Graphyne-4 Membrane (2013)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-08
    Description: Graphyne sheet exhibits promising potential for nanoscale desalination to achieve both high water permeability and salt rejection rate. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations on pore-size effects suggest that γ-graphyne-4, with 4 acetylene bonds between two adjacent phenyl rings, has the best performance with 100% salt rejection and an unprecedented water permeability, to our knowledge, of ~13 L/cm2/day/MPa, 3 orders of magnitude higher than prevailing commercial membranes based on reverse osmosis, and ~10 times higher than the state-of-the-art nanoporous graphene. Strikingly, water permeability across graphyne exhibits unexpected nonlinear dependence on the pore size. This counter-intuitive behavior is attributed to the quantized nature of water flow at the nanoscale, which has wide implications in controlling nanoscale water transport and designing highly effective membranes. Scientific Reports 3 doi: 10.1038/srep03163
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 6
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    A search for substellar objects orbiting the sdB eclipsing binary HS 0705+6700 (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-14
    Description: By using 78 newly determined timings of light minima together with those collected from the literature, we analysed the changes in the observed minus calculated (O–C) diagram in HS 0705+6700, a short-period (2.3 h) eclipsing binary that consists of a very hot subdwarf B-type (sdB) star and a very cool fully convective red dwarf. We confirmed the cyclic variation in the O–C and refined the parameters of the circumbinary brown dwarf (reported to orbit the binary system in 2009) by analysing the changes for the light travel time effect that arises from the gravitational influence of the third body. Our results indicate the lower mass limit of the third body to be M 3 sin i '  = 33.7(±1.6) M Jup . This companion would be a brown dwarf if its orbital inclination is larger than 27 $_{.}^{\circ}$ 7 and it is orbiting the central eclipsing binary with an eccentricity e  ~ 0.2 at a separation of about 3.7(±0.1) au.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adjustable boron carbonitride nanotubes (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 5325-5333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The adjustable photoluminescence (PL) and field electron emission (FEE) properties of boron carbonitride (B–C–N) nanotubes grown under well-controlled conditions are studied systematically. Large-scale highly aligned B–C–N nanotubes are synthesized directly on Ni substrates by the bias-assisted hot filament chemical vapor deposition method. Single-walled B–C–N nanotubes and nanometric B–C–N heterojunctions are obtained by the pulsed-arc-discharge technique and pause-reactivation two-stage process, respectively. It is found that the microstructures, orientations, and chemical compositions of the nanotubes can be controlled by varying growth parameters. The mechanism of the controllable growth is also investigated. Intense and stable PL from the nanotubes is observed in both blue-violet (photon energies 3.14–2.55 eV) and yellow-green bands (photon energies 2.13–2.34 eV) and the emission bands are adjusted by varying the compositions of the nanotubes. FEE properties are also studied and optimized by varying the B or N atomic concentrations in the nanotubes. All these results verify the controllability of the electronic band structure of the B–C–N nanotubes. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1459596
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large-scale well aligned carbon nitride nanotube films: Low temperature growth and electron field emission (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 5939-5943 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Large-scale well aligned carbon nitride nanotube films (6 cm in diameter), which are easily processed and show potential for nanomanipulation, have been synthesized by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition at a relatively low temperature of 550 °C. The characterization, using transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy, shows that the nanotubes are polymerized by nanobells with nitrogen concentration of 10%. We propose a push-out growth mechanism for the formation of the special polymerized nanobell structure. A turn-on field of electron emission as low as 0.8 V/μm is obtained. Fowler–Nordheim, consisting of two straight lines with a gentle slope at low field and a steep one at relatively high field, are interpreted based on a top side emission mechanism related to the nanobell structures. No current saturation is found in the films. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1370114
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First-principles study of structural stability and electronic properties of Sb/GaSb(111) semimetal–semiconductor superlattice (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 4309-4313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structural stability and electronic properties of a (Sb2)2/(GaSb)2(111) semimetal–semiconductor superlattice are investigated by a first-principles all-electron linearized augmented plane-wave method within the local spin density functional approximation. When bulk values are used the two interfacial distances D1 and D2 are energetically unfavorable. The fully optimized structure shows that the bond lengths of Sb–Ga and Sb–Sb at interfaces are 1.3% and 2.8% longer than their bulk values, respectively. Further electronic band calculations of the stable (Sb2)2/(GaSb)2(111) superlattice show that the system has semimetallic behavior. A p-like interface band is observed below the Fermi level. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368649
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of the degree of disorder on electronic and optical properties in random superlattices (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 3004-3008 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A three-dimensional tight-binding calculation is developed and used to study disorder effects in a realistic random superlattice. With increasing disorder, a tendency of possible indirect–direct band-gap transition is suggested. Direct evidence of mobility edges between localized and extended states in three-dimensional random systems is given. As system disorder increases, the optical absorption intensities increase dramatically from five to forty-five times stronger than the ordered (GaAs)1/(AlAs)1 superlattice. It is believed that the degree of disorder significantly affects electronic and optical properties of GaAs/AlAs random superlattices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357548
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