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  • 1
    Keywords: Agriculture. ; Bioinformatics. ; Plant genetics. ; Agricultural genome mapping. ; Biometry. ; Agriculture. ; Bioinformatics. ; Plant Genetics. ; Agricultural Genetics. ; Biostatistics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Chapter 1 -- General elements of genomic selection and statistical learning -- Chapter. 2 -- Preprocessing tools for data preparation -- Chapter. 3 -- Elements for building supervised statistical machine learning models -- Chapter. 4 -- Overfitting, model tuning and evaluation of prediction performance -- Chapter. 5 -- Linear Mixed Models -- Chapter. 6 -- Bayesian Genomic Linear Regression -- Chapter. 7 -- Bayesian and classical prediction models for categorical and count data -- Chapter. 8 -- Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces Regression and Classification Methods -- Chapter. 9 -- Support vector machines and support vector regression -- Chapter. 10 -- Fundamentals of artificial neural networks and deep learning -- Chapter. 11 -- Artificial neural networks and deep learning for genomic prediction of continuous outcomes -- Chapter. 12 -- Artificial neural networks and deep learning for genomic prediction of binary, ordinal and mixed outcomes -- Chapter. 13 -- Convolutional neural networks -- Chapter. 14 -- Functional regression -- Chapter. 15 -- Random forest for genomic prediction.
    Abstract: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license This open access book brings together the latest genome base prediction models currently being used by statisticians, breeders and data scientists. It provides an accessible way to understand the theory behind each statistical learning tool, the required pre-processing, the basics of model building, how to train statistical learning methods, the basic R scripts needed to implement each statistical learning tool, and the output of each tool. To do so, for each tool the book provides background theory, some elements of the R statistical software for its implementation, the conceptual underpinnings, and at least two illustrative examples with data from real-world genomic selection experiments. Lastly, worked-out examples help readers check their own comprehension. The book will greatly appeal to readers in plant (and animal) breeding, geneticists and statisticians, as it provides in a very accessible way the necessary theory, the appropriate R code, and illustrative examples for a complete understanding of each statistical learning tool. In addition, it weighs the advantages and disadvantages of each tool.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIV, 691 p. 113 illus., 61 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030890100
    DDC: 630
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 61 (1999), S. 1009-1013 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Triticum turgidum L. var.durum) cultivars and the other, seven bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) cultivars, both tested for 6 yr. In durum wheat cultivars, sun hours per day in December, February, and March as well as maximum temperature in March were related to the factor that explained more that 39% of GEI, while in bread wheat cultivars, minimum temperature in December and January as well as sun hours per day in January and February were the environmental variables related to the factor that explained the largest portion (〉41%) of GEI. The second data set had eight bread wheat cultivars evaluated in 21 low relative humidity (RH) environments and 12 high RH environments. For both low and high RH environments, results indicated that relative performance of cultivars is influenced by differential sensitivity to minimum temperatures during the spike growth period. The PLS method was effective in detecting environmental and cultivar explanatory variables associated with factors that explained large portions of GEI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Triticum turgidum (L.) var. durum] field trials were (i) to compare the results of PLS, FR, and AMMI on the basis of external environmental (and cultivar) variables, (ii) to examine whether procedures based on PLS, FR, and AMMI identify the same or a different subset of cultivar and/or environmental covariables that influence GEI for grain yield, and (iii) to find multiple FR models that include environmental and cultivar covariables and their cross products that explain a large proportion of GEI with relatively few degrees of freedom. Results for the first trial showed that AMMI, PLS, and FR identified similar cultivar and environmental variables that explained a large proportion of the cultivar × year interaction. Results for the second wheat trial showed good correspondence between PLS and FR for 23 environmental covariables. For both trials, PLS and FR complement each other and the AMMI and PLS biplots offered similar interpretations of the GEI. The FR analysis can be used to confirm these results and to obtain even more parsimonious descriptions of the GEI.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) and bread (Triticum aestivum L.)] and four maize (Zea mays L.) cultivar trials, with and without adjustment for replicate differences within environments. Shrinkage estimates of multiplicative models were at least as good as the better choice of truncated multiplicative models and eliminates the need for cross validation or tests of hypotheses as criteria for determining the number of multiplicative terms to be retained. If random cross validation is used to choose a truncated model, data should be adjusted for replicate differences within environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: water stress ; breeding ; adaptation ; G × E ; clustering ; ordination ; Zea mays ; corn ; maize
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Ten trials evaluated the performance of several late tropical maize populations (La Posta Sequía, Pool 26 Sequía and Tuxpeño Sequía) selected for tolerance to drought during flowering and grain filling and also for yield potential. Families (S1 or full-sib) had been selected recurrently for six to eight years on an index of traits. Pattern (clustering and ordination) analysis was used to analyse the relative performance of entries that included cycles of selection for drought tolerance in the populations and non-drought tolerant checks. Mean environment (E) yields ranged from 1.0 to 10.4 t ha-1. Analysis of variance showed that 97.9% of the total sums of squares was accounted for by E, and that, of the remaining sums of squares the G × E (genotype by environment interaction) was almost 3 times that of the contribution of G alone. Cluster analysis separated the checks, the earlier maturing drought tolerant entries and the later maturing drought tolerant entries. This was verified by principal component (PC) analysis of the G × E matrix. Grouping of the environments (i.e. based on entry performance), resulted in the separation of different types of droughts, and of medium and high yielding well-watered environments. The patterns of discrimination observed indicated that the yield gains under drought would have been unlikely to occur if selection had been done only in well-watered environments. Within each population, selection improved broad adaptation (higher mean yield) to both drought and well-watered environments and cycles of selection ‘jumped’ from non-drought-tolerant to drought-tolerant groups as their specific adaptation to drought environments increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: water stress ; breeding ; ordination ; clustering ; three-way analysis ; Zea mays ; corn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A selection program in three tropical maize populations aimed to improve tolerance of mid-season to late season drought environments while maintaining grain yield (GY) potential. The selection process employed other attributes that included maintaining a constant anthesis date (AD) and, under drought, shortening the anthesis-silking interval (ASI) and increasing ear number per plant (EPP). Three-mode (genotypes × environments × attributes) pattern analysis, which consists of clustering and ordination, should be able to collectively interpret these changes from ten evaluation trials. Mixture maximum likelihood clustering identified four groups that indicated the populations' performance had changed with selection. Groups containing the advanced cycles of selection were higher yielding in most environments and had lower ASI and higher EPP, particularly in drought environments. Check entries with no selection for drought tolerance remained grouped with the initial cycles of selection. A 3 × 2 × 3 (genotypes by environments by attributes) principal component model explained 70% of the variation. For the first environmental component, ASI was shown to be highly negatively correlated with both GY and EPP while anthesis date (AD) was virtually uncorrelated with other traits. The second environmental component (explaining 10% of the variation) contrasted droughted and well-watered environments and showed that EPP and GY were better indicators of this contrast (in terms of changes in population performance) than were AD or ASI. Three-mode analysis demonstrated that improvements with selection occurred in both droughted and well-watered environments and clearly summarised the overall success of the breeding program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Hierarchical and nonhierarchical clustering methods are used for classifying genetic resources. In hierarchical clustering methods, all variables (categorical and continuous) can be used to form the subpopulations (groups or clusters), but in standard nonhierarchical methods only the continuous variables are incorporated in the analysis. The Location model (LM) allows classifying individuals into homogeneous subpopulations by continuous and categorical variables. In practice, the multinomial variable of the LM that arises from the combination of all the categorical variables usually shows empty cells in some subpopulations with the consequence of not allowing estimation of cell means and within-cell variances and covariances. The main objectives of this study were (i) to develop the Modified Location model (MLM) that allows empty cells in some subpopulations under the assumption that the means and the variance-covariance matrices depend on a given subpopulation instead of on a specific cell, (ii) to show how to use the MLM in the context of two-stage clustering in which the Ward method is used to form the initial groups and the MLM is applied to those groups (Ward-MLM), and (iii) to show how to apply the Ward-MLM to three different data sets to study some of its features and to compare results with other methods. The two-stage clustering strategy of finding initial groups by the Ward method and then improving the composition of the groups by the MLM produces compact and well-separated groups with respect to all the variables (categorical and continuous) compared with classifications obtained with only categorical variables, with only continuous variables, and with the standard Location model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Zea mays L.). Clusters were compared including and excluding the categorical variables. Results from the stimulated data showed good recovery of the group structure and a balanced effect of both categorical and continuous variables on the classification. The two-stage, three-way MLM method formed well-defined groups of accessions and characterized them based on the continuous as well as the categorical variables. As expected, groups formed using only continuous variables showed no clear response patterns concerning the categorical variables; however, those formed using both types of variables had clear response patterns with respect to each type. Furthermore, groups of Caribbean accessions showed clear association with geographical origin. The MLM model should be useful for classifying genetic resources evaluated in multi-environment trials into homogeneous groups with the objective of forming core subsets. When a large number of categorical variables are combined across environments, the MLM may not improve the initial classification obtained from hierarchical clustering strategy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: e(v) ] quantifies genetic drift. In this study, a model for calculating Ne(v), that considers the two-stage sampling of mixed self and random mating species, is developed. For germplasm collection, as the rate of natural or artificial self-fertilization (s) increases, Ne(v) is reduced and becomes increasingly dependent on the number of seed parents (P) and is less influenced by the number of seeds sampled per parent (n/P). Female gametic control (GC) leads to higher Ne(v) than with random sampling of seeds (RS), but its effect is tangible only when n/P is small. For accession regeneration, maintaining accession integrity (the proportion of functional parents, u) at an adequately high level and adopting GC are required for assuring Ne(v) equal to or greater than the actual size of the accession (Ne(v)≥ n). The importance of these two factors is enhanced as s increases. For arbitrary rates of selfing (0 ≤ s ≤ 1), under inbreeding equilibrium (IE) and with constant population size (n = N), Ne(v) can be adequately maintained through GC with a loss of ≤ 20% within accessions. For large sample size (n ⇒∞), an accession loss of ≤ 33% can be recovered. For maintaining adequate Ne(v), artificial selfing followed by GC is more efficient than accession regeneration by natural reproduction. For achieving appropriate Ne(v)s, increasing the rate of self-fertilization in polymorphic materials makes collection more difficult but regeneration easier for minimal loss (≤ 20%) within accessions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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