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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impairment of reproduction of the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) with the insect growth regulator, methoprene (1977)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 22 (1977), S. 294-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'exposition de la femelle adulte de Lasioderma serricorne au contact d'un papier filtre traité avec du méthoprène, régulateur de croissance des insectes, a entraîné une réduction significative de la reproduction, en fonction de la dose. Ni le comportement, ni la fécondité ne furent affectés. La fertilité des œufs n'a pas été touchée chez les femelles non traitées qui s'accouplèrent avec des mâles ayant été exposés au méthoprène. L'efficacité du contact avec le méthoprène, en empêchant la reproduction des femelles de L. serricorne, aussi bien chez les femelles accouplées que chez les femelles vierges, et l'effet prolongé du méthoprène, permettent de considérer favorablement son usage pour le contrôle de cette espèce. Son emploi le plus efficace devrait concerner la protection des produits conditionnés en emballages.
    Notes: Abstract Exposure of sexually mature female Lasioderma serricorne (F.) to filter paper treated with the insect growth regulator (IGR), methoprene, resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in reproduction. Female reproductive behavior and fecundity were not affected. The lethal effect was manifested during late embryogenesis. Egg fertility was not influenced among untreated females that mated with males that had been exposed to the IGR. The effectiveness of this treatment suggests that methoprene may be useful in controlling the cigarette beetle on packaged commodities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302868
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations in premating behavior and pheromone biology of gamma-irradiated Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1977)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 22 (1977), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Puppen von Trichoplusia ni wurden 0–72 Stunden vor dem Schlüpfen der Falter einer Gamma-bestrahlung ausgesetzt. Die Bestrahlung betrug 10–40 kR und erfolgte entweder in Luft (ununterbrochen oder fraktioniert) oder in einer Stickstoffatmosphäre. Die Effekte der verschiedenen Behandlungen auf das Rufverhalten der Weibchen (CB), die Bewegungsaktivität (MA) und den Pheromontiter wurden beurteilt. Die Reaktion bestrahlter Männchen auf das synthetische Sexual-pheromon (Z-7-Dodecen-1-o1-azetat) wurde gemessen bei einer Konzentration, wie sie von einem Weibchen erzeugt wird. und bei einem Zehntel dieser Menge. Die Bestrahlung reduzierte bei sitzenden Weibchen gesichert CB und MA (Tabelle II). Die Reduktion dieser Aktivitäten war im allgemeinen dosisabhängig. Die Fraktionierung der Bestrahlung und die Bestrahlung in Stickstoffatmosphäre konnten diese Effekte nicht gesichert vermindern. Bestrahlte Weibchen riefen gesichert weniger als nicht bestrahlte Tiere und gaben weniger Pheromon ab. Als Folge davon enthielten ihre Pheromondrüsen im Alter von 4 Tagen gesichert mehr Pheromon als Drüsen unbehandelter Weibchen (Tabelle IV). In Olfaktometertests reagierten Männchen, die mit bis zu 40 kR bestrahlt worden waren, ungefähr gleich wie unbestrahlte Männchen, wenn sie einer Verdampfungsrate von einem Weibchenaequivalent des Pheromons ausgesetzt wurden (Tabelle V). Männchen, die mit 40 kR in Stickstoffatmosphäre behandelt worden waren, reagierten auf eine niedrigere Pheromonkonzentration gleich gut wie Männchen, die mit 20 kR in Luft behandelt worden waren. Sie waren gesichert reaktionsfähiger als solche, die mit 40 kR in Luft bestrahlt worden waren. Die mögliche Bedeutung dieser Effekte für das Autozidverfahren wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract Exposure of female cabbage looper pupae, Trichoplusia ni, to gamma irradiation at 0 to 72 hr before eclosion resulted in significantly reduced moving and calling activity of the adults. The effects were dose-related from 10 to 40 kR. Generally, irradiation in a nitrogen atmosphere slightly reduced deleterious effects, but fractionation of the radiation dose did not. Four-day-old irradiated females contained significantly more sex pheromone than untreated females, indicating that loss of pheromone is positively correlated to the amount of calling activity. Males exposed to 20 kR or 40 kR in nitrogen were not affected in their flight response in an olfactometer to a level of synthetic pheromone ca. equal to that released by a calling female or to 0.1 x this level. The response of males exposed to 40 kR in air, however, was significantly decreased at the lower pheromone concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301216
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A pheromone mimic: disruption of mating communication in the navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella, with Z,Z-1,12,14-heptadecatriene (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 44 (1987), S. 249-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; navel orangeworm ; Amyelois transitella ; pheromone mimic ; mating disruption ; Z,Z-1,12,14-heptadecatriene ; Z,Z-11,13-hexadecadienal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le Z-Z-1,12,14-heptacécatriène, qui mime l'aldéhyde Z-Z-11,13-hexadécadénial, principal composé de la phéromone de A. transitella Walker, a été essayé pour interrompre les accouplements dans la nature. Un conditionnement avec plastique stratifié a mieux dispersé le triène que la présentation en capsules de polyéthylène. Comme dans le cas des autres produits examinés précédemment, ce triène a interrompu l'attraction sexuelle (réduction du nombre de mâles capturés dans les pièges, réduction du nombre d'accouplements) de A. transitella dans les vergers d'amandiers, pendant moins longtemps que l'aldéhyde. Placé dans des pièges contenant des femelles vierges, il est efficace comme l'aldehyde pendant 5 semaines, pendant 3 semaines lorsqu'il est placé autour des pièges et pendant 13 jours quand il est utilisé dans des parcelles de 9 arbres. Des essais ultérieurs avec d'autres présentations et des quantités plus élevées de triène devraient montrer si ce produit peut être utilisé pour l'interruption des accouplements. Les analogues de phéromones ont généralement une plus grande stabilité et un coût de synthèse moins élevé que les aldéhydes.
    Notes: Abstract A novel olefinic analog, Z,Z-1,12,14-heptadecatriene, was synthesized from Z,Z-11,13-hexadecadienal, a major pheromone component of the navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), and evaluated as a potential disruptant of mating communication in commercial almond orchards. The effectiveness of the triene as a disruptant was compared to that of the aldehyde by evaluating the reduction in captures of feral males in female-baited traps and the reduction in mating success for females. The triene was highly effective in bringing about reductions in male captures in traps in all tests relative to controls. This effectiveness lasted as long as 5 weeks in one test and was influenced by type of dispenser, release rate and proximity of dispensers to female-baited traps. In none of the tests did the triene outperform the aldehyde in reducing male captures. The results of mating success tests showed the triene to be ineffective relative to controls (26% reduction) while the aldehyde yielded 100% reductions in matings during a 6-day period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369186
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of sex pheromone produced by female sweetpotato weevil,Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers) (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 1489-1503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cylas formicarius elegantulus ; sweetpotato weevil ; sweet potato ; (Z)-3-dodecen-1-ol (E)-2-butenoate ; sex pheromone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A sex pheromone of the sweetpotato weevil,Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers), was obtained from collections of volatiles from virgin females, and pheromone was isolated by means of liquid and gas chromatography. The purification procedure was monitored by quantitative laboratory and field bioassays and the compound was identified as (Z)-3-dodecen-1-ol (E)-2-butenoate by means of spectroscopic and microchemical methods. Synthesis, followed by laboratory and field bioassays, showed that the biological activity of the synthetic material was qualitatively and quantitatively indistinguishable from that of the purified natural product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012367
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation, identification, and synthesis of a female sex pheromone of the navel orangeworm,Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 5 (1979), S. 955-966 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; navel orangeworm ; Amyelois transitella ; (Z,Z)-11,13-hexadecadienal ; Pyralidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A sex pheromone of the navel orangeworm,Amyelois transitella (Walker), was obtained from ether rinses of the sex pheromone gland of calling females. The pheromone was isolated by means of liquid and gas chromatography and was identified as one of four possible geometrical isomers of 11,13-hexadecadienal by means of spectroscopic and microchemical methods. Synthesis and laboratory bioassay of all four isomers revealed that only the (Z,Z) isomer was biologically active. (Z,Z)-11,13-hexadecadienal elicited quantitatively similar activation and attraction responses byA. transitella males as did the natural product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990218
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and release of (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienal by sex pheromone glands of females ofPlodia interpunctella (lepidoptera: pyralidae) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 787-799 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Plodia interpunctella ; sex pheromone ; pheromone biosynthesis ; Indian meal moth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Extracts of sex pheromone glands obtained from females ofPloida interpunctella contained detectable amounts of (Z,E,)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetate (Z9,E12–14:Ac) and (Z,E.)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol (Z9,E12–14:OH) 4 hr prior to the first scotophase after adult emergence. The amount of pheromone increased during the first 4 hr of the scotophase and then declined to low levels during the subsequent photophase. Decapitation of females immediately after emergence, prior to expansion of the wings, inhibited production of pheromone during the subsequent 48 hr. Injection of extracts of the heads of 1-day-old females ofP. interpunctella of partially purified extracts of the cephalic ganglia of females of the corn earworm moth into decapitated females stimulated production of bothZ9,E12–14:Ac andZ9,E12–14:OH as well as production of (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienal (Z9,E12–14:Al). This aldehyde was subsequently identified from extracts of pheromone glands obtained from naturally calling females as well as from volatiles emitted by calling females. Studies on the terminal steps in biosynthesis of the pheromone showed thatZ9,E12–14:OH was produced from the corresponding acetate and thatZ9,E12–14:Al was produced from the alcohol via the action of an oxidase(s).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033461
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro maintenance of the sex pheromone gland of the female Indian meal mothPlodia interpunctella (Hübner) (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 5 (1979), S. 653-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Tissue culture ; sex pheromone gland ; Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; Plodia interpunctella ; Indian meal moth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Sex pheromone glands ofPlodia interpunctella were isolated from surface-sterilized donors of different ages, freed of most of the attached gut, oviduct, and other tissues; rinsed in sterile medium; and cultured in 1 ml of culture medium. The sex pheromone gland cells that were cultured for 10 days in either chemically defined Grace's medium or modified Grace's medium appeared normal in histological examinations. Bioassays of extracted medium in which pheromone glands from mature females had been incubated showed that a greater percentage of the available pheromone was recovered from modified Grace's medium than from chemically defined Grace's medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00986550
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Models for dispersal of vapors in open and confined spaces: Applications to sex pheromone trapping in a warehouse (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 6 (1980), S. 929-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; attractance ; behavioral threshold ; Plodia interpunctella ; Indian meal moth ; Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; orientation ; chemical communication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Methods are presented for mathematically determining dispersal of a vapor in still air, in turbulent air of zero average velocity, and in turbulent or laminar air currents of constant, nonzero average velocity. The methods are combined with several assumptions about insect behavior to derive an insect attraction model that predicts: (1) In a warehouse a searching insect is likely to be attracted to a calling insect if it comes within an attraction sphere, 0.4–2.5 m in radius. (2) The attraction spaces of typical sex pheromone-baited traps that emit pheromone at rates greater than 0.01 ng/sec extend beyond the boundaries of a 10 × 10 × 10-m warehouse. (3) The searching behavior of an attracted insect is likely to be altered from an extensive to an intensive pattern if it comes within an altered-behavior sphere, 6–60 cm from a calling insect or within 10 m of a trap emitting 0.76 ng/sec. (4) Pheromone does not sink unless it is emitted along with a large amount of a high-vapor pressure solvent. The model is used in support of several hypotheses, including: (1) The effect of an adsorptive surface on the vapor concentration after an extended period of emission is negligible except at positions near the surface. (2) Sex pheromone-baited traps with sources of small dimensions have greater trapping efficiency than otherwise identical traps with sources of large dimensions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990477
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anemotactic response threshold of the Indian meal moth,Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), to its sex pheromone (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 6 (1980), S. 919-928 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; anemotaxis ; Plodia interpunctella ; Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; behavioral threshold ; behavioral alteration threshold ; (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetate ; Indian meal moth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of different concentrations of the sex pheromone (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetate on the upwind anemotactic behavior of the malePlodia interpunctella (Hübner) was measured at 23 ± 1 ° C and 34 ± 1 ° C. The stimulus-response regression lines were analyzed by a new procedure that accounts both for control responses in the absence of pheromone and also for peak responses below 100% in the presence of concentrations considerably above the normal physiological levels. From the regression line for each temperature, the upwind anemotactic thresholds were calculated to be 1.34 × 106 molecules/cm3 at 23 ° C and 1.65 × 104 molecules/cm3 at 34 ° C, similar to other thresholds reported in the literature. Since departures from the two lines occurred at the highest concentrations tested, near 108 molecules/cm3, the upwind anemotactic behavior may change qualitatively above an altered-behavior threshold that is about two orders of magnitude higher than the upwind anemotactic threshold. The lower response at 23 ° C suggests that cool temperatures inhibit flight in response to pheromonal stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990476
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