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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a male-produced pheromone ofAnticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae) attractive to conspecific males (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 1121-1130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Anticarsia gemmatalis ; velvetbean caterpillar ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; attractant ; pheromone ; hairpencils ; (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-heneicosatriene ; male-produced pheromone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Observations in the laboratory and in the field indicated that maleAnticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner), the velvetbean caterpillar (VBC), are attracted to conspecific courting males. Male VBC subsequently were found to be attracted to extracts of male abdominal tips including the extrudable hairpencils. The active chemical in these extracts was identified as (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-heneicosatriene, which is also one of the major components of the female VBC sex pheromone. Male VBC in a wind tunnel and in the field exhibited a bimodal response distribution to a range of ratios of the (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-heneicosatriene and (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-eicosatriene, with one maximum at the pure heneicosatriene alone and the other at the 60∶40 female blend. This demonstrates that the male response to the male hairpencil component is distinct from that to the female sex pheromone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01019340
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of male cabbage looper sex pheromone attractive to females (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 441-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Male-produced pheromone ; cabbage looper ; Trichoplusia ni ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; female attractant ; linalool ; p-cresol ; m-cresol ; enantiomers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A multicomponent pheromone produced by male cabbage looper moths that is attractive to female moths in a flight tunnel bioassay was isolated and identified. Based on analyses of hairpencil extracts of male cabbage loopers and volatiles emitted by males, the pheromone has been identified as a blend consisting of (S)-(+)-linalool,p-cresol, andm-cresol. The chirality of the major component, (S)-(+)-linalool, is important for behavioral response of females. These pheromonal compounds were also identified as volatiles released by males when males were exposed to the principal pheromone component of female cabbage loopers, (Z)-7-dodecen-1-ol acetate. The amount of male pheromone released was increased significantly when males were exposed to a combination of (Z)-7-dodecen-1-ol acetate and the odor from cabbage. Neither linalool nor the cresols were detected in volatiles from cabbage or from males exposed to cabbage odor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994243
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a sex pheromone produced by female velvetbean caterpillar moth (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 9 (1983), S. 645-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; 3,6,9-heneicosatriene ; 3,6,9-eicosatriene ; velvetbean caterpillar ; Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; attractant ; hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A sex pheromone produced by female velvetbean caterpillar moths,Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, that attracts conspecific males was isolated and identified as a blend of (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-eicosatriene and (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-heneicosatriene in a ratio of ca. 5∶3, respectively, when combined. The synthesized compounds elicited responses by velvetbean caterpillar moth males equivalent to those elicited by females in both laboratory wind tunnel bioassays and field trapping experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990414
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of host plant,Gossypium hirsutum L., on sexual attraction of cabbage looper moths,Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 2959-2974 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cabbage looper ; Trichoplusia ni ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; pheromone ; kairomone ; attractants ; host finding ; (S)-(+)-linalool
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Unmated female or male cabbage looper moths,Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), were attracted more often in a flight tunnel to a cage with moths of the opposite sex and a bouquet of cotton foliage. Increased sexual attractiveness of females with plants may be a result of stimulation of pheromone release in response to plant odor, since more males were attracted when odor of cotton foliage was passed over females than when odor of females was passed over cotton foliage before venting into the flight tunnel. Increased sexual attractiveness of males with plants is due in part to host odor enhancement of female attraction to male pheromone, since more females were attracted to synthetic male pheromone (a blend of enantiomers of linalool and isomers of cresol) and a cotton leaf extract than were attracted to male pheromone alone. A short synthesis procedure was developed for (S)-(+)-linalool, the major component of the male sex pheromone, isolated from hair pencils, used in these tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02098402
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis, synthesis, formulation, and field testing of three major components of male mediterranean fruit fly pheromone (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 1925-1940 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Insecta ; Diptera ; Tephritidae ; Mediterranean fruit fly ; pheromone ; attractant ; Ceratitis capitata ; ethyl-(E)-3-octenoate ; geranyl acetate ; (E,E)-α-farnesene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Three major components, ethyi-(E)-3-octenoate, geranyl acetate, and (E,E)-α-farnesene, emitted as volatiles by laboratory-reared and wild male medflies were collected and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Peak emission of these compounds occurred during the third to fifth hours of the photophase and differences were observed in the ratios of the three components emitted by male laboratory-reared and wild flies. These three compounds were synthesized, and a method was developed to formulate a synthetic blend that released the compounds in a ratio similar to that emitted by wild male medflies. Attractiveness of the blend to female medflies was demonstrated under field conditions by comparing trap catches. Black spherical traps, baited with the synthetic blend to release 1.6 male equivalents, caught significantly more females than blank traps and traps from which the blend released was 0.3, 3.2 or 6.4 male equivalents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993739
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of sex pheromone produced by female sweetpotato weevil,Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers) (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 1489-1503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cylas formicarius elegantulus ; sweetpotato weevil ; sweet potato ; (Z)-3-dodecen-1-ol (E)-2-butenoate ; sex pheromone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A sex pheromone of the sweetpotato weevil,Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers), was obtained from collections of volatiles from virgin females, and pheromone was isolated by means of liquid and gas chromatography. The purification procedure was monitored by quantitative laboratory and field bioassays and the compound was identified as (Z)-3-dodecen-1-ol (E)-2-butenoate by means of spectroscopic and microchemical methods. Synthesis, followed by laboratory and field bioassays, showed that the biological activity of the synthetic material was qualitatively and quantitatively indistinguishable from that of the purified natural product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012367
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and release of (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienal by sex pheromone glands of females ofPlodia interpunctella (lepidoptera: pyralidae) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 787-799 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Plodia interpunctella ; sex pheromone ; pheromone biosynthesis ; Indian meal moth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Extracts of sex pheromone glands obtained from females ofPloida interpunctella contained detectable amounts of (Z,E,)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetate (Z9,E12–14:Ac) and (Z,E.)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol (Z9,E12–14:OH) 4 hr prior to the first scotophase after adult emergence. The amount of pheromone increased during the first 4 hr of the scotophase and then declined to low levels during the subsequent photophase. Decapitation of females immediately after emergence, prior to expansion of the wings, inhibited production of pheromone during the subsequent 48 hr. Injection of extracts of the heads of 1-day-old females ofP. interpunctella of partially purified extracts of the cephalic ganglia of females of the corn earworm moth into decapitated females stimulated production of bothZ9,E12–14:Ac andZ9,E12–14:OH as well as production of (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienal (Z9,E12–14:Al). This aldehyde was subsequently identified from extracts of pheromone glands obtained from naturally calling females as well as from volatiles emitted by calling females. Studies on the terminal steps in biosynthesis of the pheromone showed thatZ9,E12–14:OH was produced from the corresponding acetate and thatZ9,E12–14:Al was produced from the alcohol via the action of an oxidase(s).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033461
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