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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface phenotypes in T-cell leukaemia are determined by oncogenic retroviruses (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 489-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We studied thymomas that arose spontaneously in HRS/J mice, or that were induced in HRS/J or CBA/J mice by neonatal inoculation of cloned polytropic viruses of HRS/J origin8. The surface phenotypes of these tumours were characterized by fluorescent staining of the cells with monoclonal antisera and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288489a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon source utilization of soil extracted microorganisms as a tool to detect the effects of soil supplemented with genetically engineered and non-engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum and a recombinant peptide at the community level (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: Substrate utilization of microbial cells extracted from soil with a 0.85% aqueous sodium chloride solution, was determined to estimate effects on soil microorganisms at the community level with microtiter plates (Biolog GN®) containing 95 different sources of organic carbon. A consistent pattern of utilized substrates was obtained after 24 h of microtiter plate incubation at 28°C. The absorbance values (OD590) obtained from a microtiter plate reader after background correction were transformed by using the average absorbance values of oxidized substrates as a threshold to distinguish between well utilized and poorly or non-utilized substrates and thereby reduce variances between replicates. Doubling times of the extracted soil microorganisms in the microtiter plates were tested with 12 substrates and ranged from 1.96 h to 3.23 h, depending on the carbon source. The carbon source utilization assay was used to assess the effects of soil inoculation with Corynebacterium glutamicum with and without a genetically engineered plasmid (pUN1; 6.3 kb), which encoded for the synthesis of the mammalian protease inhibiting peptide, aprotinin. Additionally, aprotinin itself was added at two concentrations to soil samples. An identical decrease in the number of carbon sources utilized, especially carbohydrates, occurred upon soil inoculation with both C. glutamicum strains after inoculation with 106 cells g−1 soil. This effect was only detectable during the first three weeks of incubation, as long as cell numbers of C. glutamicum (pUN1) were above 105 cfu g−1. Soil amendment with aprotinin resulted in utilization of additional substrates, most of them carbohydrates. With 0.1 mg aprotinin g−1 soil this stimulation lasted 2 days and with 10 mg g−1 it lasted for 7 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00188.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere of a transgenic, herbicide-resistant maize (Zea mays) and comparison to its non-transgenic cultivar Bosphore (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 40 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Bacterial communities in rhizospheres of transgenic maize (Zea mays, with the pat-gene conferring resistance to the herbicide glufosinate; syn. l-phosphinothricin) were compared to its isogenic, non-transgenic cultivar. Total DNA was extracted from bacterial cell consortia collected from rhizospheres of plants grown in an agricultural field. With the use of three different primer pairs binding to evolutionarily conserved regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, partial sequences were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were subjected to single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) to generate genetic profiles which corresponded to the diversity of the amplified sequences. Genetic profiles of rhizospheres consisted of 40–60 distinguishable bands depending on the chosen primer pairs, and the variability between independent replicates was very low. Neither the genetic modification nor the use of the herbicide Liberty (syn. Basta; active ingredient: glufosinate) affected the SSCP profiles as investigated with digital image analysis. In contrast, PCR–SSCP profiles of bacterial communities from rhizospheres of sugar beet, grown in the same field as a control crop, were clearly different. A less pronounced but significant difference was also observed with rhizosphere samples from fine roots of maize plants collected 35 and 70 days after sowing. Sequencing of the dominant 30 products from one typical SSCP profile generated from transgenic maize rhizospheres indicated the presence of typical soil and rhizosphere bacteria: half of the bands could be attributed to Proteobacteria, mainly of the α- and β-subgroups. Other SSCP bands could be assigned to members of the following phylogenetic groups: Cytophaga–Flavobacterium–Bacteroides, Chlamydiales–Verrucomicrobium, Planctomyces, Holophaga and to Gram-positive bacteria with a high G+C DNA content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2002.tb00933.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fate of plasmid-bearing, luciferase marker gene tagged bacteria after feeding to the soil microarthropod Onychiurus fimatus (Collembola) (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 30 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In order to study the potential impact of the soil microarthropod Onychiurus fimatus (Collembola) on the microbial community, we analysed the fate of luciferase marker gene tagged bacterial strains fed to young adult specimens in petri dish microcosm experiments. In faeces collected from O. fimatus, Escherichia coli S17-1/pRP4luc and Sinorhizobium meliloti L33 were only detectable for 2 days after feeding whereas strain HR2/pRP4luc, a close relative of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, isolated from another collembolan species, could be detected for 16 days. The amount of shed cells of strain HR2 increased during the frequent releases of the cast-off skins (exuvia). In order to analyse whether gut associated bacteria could serve as recipients for mobile genetic elements, plasmid-bearing E. coli donor strains were incubated with faeces in filter mating-like experiments and, in other experiments, directly fed to O. fimatus specimens. Transconjugants were obtained with both the conjugative self-transferable broad host range plasmid pRP4luc and the mobilisable (Mob+) broad host range plasmid pSUP104luc, the latter, however, only with a mobilising donor strain. No transfer was detected with the narrow host range plasmids pSUP202luc (Mob+), pUC18luc (Mob−), or with the broad host range transposon delivery plasmid pUTluxCDABE (Mob+). Transconjugants of pRP4luc were detected within one day of the beginning of a feeding experiment and then throughout the incubation period of two weeks, with gaps of no detection after 5, 12 and 14 days, probably caused by moulting. The results of this study indicate that feeding activities of collembola can modify the structure of soil-inhabiting microbial communities and enhance the spread of plasmids from non-indigenous to indigenous soil bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00641.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversity of bacteria associated with Collembola – a cultivation-independent survey based on PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 49 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The bacterial communities found in eight different soil-inhabiting microarthropod species of the Class Collembola (springtails) were analyzed by analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes obtained without cultivation from total DNA. To characterize the bacteria associated with the parthenogenetically-reproducing Folsomia candida, the almost complete 16S rRNA genes were amplified with three universal primers, i.e., the forward primer F27 and the reverse primer R1492 or R1525. With the reverse primer R1492, 100% of 49 cloned PCR products were identical to the 16S rRNA gene of the intracellular reproduction parasite Wolbachia pipientis (Supergroup E). However, no Wolbachia was detected with the reverse primer R1525 when two different breeding stocks of F. candida were analyzed. Clone libraries from one breeding stock were composed exclusively of a sequence related closely to intracellular bacteria of the genus Rickettsiella (Gammaproteobacteria) (93 clones). In contrast, this sequence was not detected in the other F. candida breeding stock. Instead, sequences of 95 clones originated from different phylogenetic groups (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes and Planctomycetes). Several were closely related to bacteria, which are known to live in soil and interact with insects. Genetic profiles based on PCR-amplified partial 16S rRNA genes and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) indicated that different Collembola species harbored different bacterial communities. SSCP bands indicating Wolbachia pipientis supergroup E were detected in profiles from four of the five parthenogenetic species included in this study. Other dominant bands in the SSCP profiles were related to bacteria from the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. One sequence (AJ605704) indicated the presence of a not-yet-described intracellular symbiont from the Gammaproteobacteria, but several other sequences may represent less specific interactions between environmental bacteria and Collembola.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.03.007
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Varied resonses in gene expression of culturable heterotrophic bacteria isolated from the environment (1992)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 37 (1992), S. 818-824 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Gene expression in heterotrophic bacteria isolated from environmental samples was studied using a combination of non-selective and selective plating techniques and gene probe methodology. The gene probes and their respective phenotypes were nahAB, for naphthalene degradation, merA, for narrowlspectrum mercury resistance, and merB, for broad-spectrum mercury resistance. Gene-probe-positive organisms could be placed into one of three categories: (1) organisms that could express their genetic information immediately upon isolation from the environment; (2) organisms that expressed their genotype only after cultivation before selection for the genotype; and (3) organisms that did not express their genotype at all in our hands. For all three probes it was found that most organisms fell into category 2. This phenomenon was also observed with bacteria isolated from lake water that probed positive with the nitrogenase (nifHDK) gene probe. The data suggest that the numbers of isolates identified by gene probes merely reflect the genetic potential of a community whereas various expression data suggest that differences in the actual activity of those genotypes exist in the natural environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174852
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Utilization of the herbicide phosphinothricin as a nitrogen source by soil bacteria (1988)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 29 (1988), S. 103-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Rhodococcus sp., Pseudomonas paucimobilis and five other bacterial soil isolates were found to be capable of utilizing the l-enantiomer of the herbicide phosphinothricin (2-amino-4-(methylphosphinyl)-butanoic acid) as a nitrogen source. This deamination yielded the structural analogue, 2-oxo-4-(methylphosphinyl)-butanoic acid as the main catabolite of phosphinothricin. On prolonged incubation, slow decarboxylation of the main catabolite occurred with the formation of the stable degradation product 3-methylphosphinico-propanoic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00258359
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Climate change Water cycle shifts gear (2005)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 434 (2005), S. 830-833 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Discussions of global climate change tend to focus on increasing surface temperatures. By contrast, changes in the water cycle — precipitation, evaporation and river discharge — have received little attention. Yet water has profound effects on our planet's climate. The natural ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/434830a
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased expression of Ia antigens on thymocytes from late preleukemic and leukemic AKR mice (1981)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 14 (1981), S. 169-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344310
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of plasma membrane NADH oxidase activity and growth of HeLa cells by natural and synthetic retinoids (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 166 (1997), S. 101-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: NADH oxidase ; plasma membranes ; growth ; retinol ; retinoids ; HeLa cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several retinoids, both natural and synthetic, were evaluated for their ability to modulate NADH oxidase activity of plasma membranes of cultured HeLa cells and the growth of HeLa cells in culture. Both NADH oxidase activity and the growth of cells were inhibited by the naturally-occurring retinoids all trans-retinoic acid (tretinoin) and retinol as well as by the synthetic retinoids, trans-acitretin, 13-cis-acitretin, etretinate and arotonoid ethylester (Ro 13-6298). For all retinoids tested, inhibition of NADH oxidase activity and inhibition of growth were correlated closely. With tretinoin, etretinate and arotonoid ethylester, NADH oxidase activity and cell growth were inhibited in parallel in proportion to the logarithm of retinoid concentration over the range of concentrations 10-8 to 10-5 M. Approximately 70% inhibition of both NADH oxidase activity and growth was reached at 10 µM. With retinol, trans-acitretin and 13-cis-acitretin, inhibition of NADH oxidase activity and growth also were correlated but maximum inhibition of both was about 40% at 10 µM. The possibility is suggested that inhibition of the plasma membrane NADH oxidase activity by retinoids may be related to their mechanism of inhibition of growth of HeLa cells in culture. (Mol Cell Biochem 166: 101-109, 1997)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006866726050
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