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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capillary supercritical fluid chromatography at pressures above 400 atmospheres (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 62 (1990), S. 1299-1301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00212a015
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sodium fluxes in roots of Eleocharis uniglumis, a brackish water species (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 2 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fluxes of sodium across the plasmalemma and tonoplast of the roots of Eleocharis uniglumis have been measured using 22Na. E. uniglumis (one glumed spike rush) was collected from an estuarine habitat where it was growing in a wide range of salinities (1 mM-50 mM Na). Compartmental analysis was used to determine sodium concentrations in the cytoplasm and the vacuole. Application of the Ussing-Teorell equation revealed the presence of sodium pumps in the plasmalemma and the tonoplast. Active sodium transport into the cytoplasm from the bathing medium was found to occur in most of the external sodium concentrations investigated. There also appeared to be active transport of sodium into the cytoplasm from the vacuole. In contrast to halophytes, high levels of sodium appeared to be accumulated in the cytoplasm of E. uniglumis roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1979.tb00782.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of ions to the xylem in roots (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 53 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1981.tb04518.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of potassium gradients in the epidermis of intact leaves of Commelina communis L. in relation to stomatal opening (1974)
    Springer
    Planta 119 (1974), S. 17-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Potassium sensitive microelectrodes have been used to determine the potassium content of individual epidermal cells in intact leaves of C. communis L. Large gradients of potassium across the stomatal complex were observed. When the stomata were open a stepwise decrease in vacuolar potassium content from the guard cells outwards was found. With the stomata closed a gradient in the opposite direction was observed, with the potassium content of the guard cells much lower than that of the surrounding cells. Electrical potential differences between the cells were determined enabling driving forces on potassium to be calculated. The results indicate that the potassium gradients are maintained against the electrochemical gradient and that potassium transport both into and out of the guard cells is an active process. Potassium transport between the subsidiary cells also appears to be active. Potassium fluxes into the guard cell during stomatal opening were calculated and found to be relatively high. The implications of this are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390818
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for a sodium influx pump in sunflower roots (1971)
    Springer
    Planta 98 (1971), S. 323-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Transmembrane electrical potential differences in the cortical cells of the root of the sunflower (Helianthus annuus) have been measured using microelectrodes. The plants were grown in culture solution with a range of sodium concentrations. It was found that increasing the external sodium concentration had virtually no effect on the transmembrane potential. The vacuolar content of sodium did not change significantly with the age of the tissue indicating that sodium was in flux equilibrium in our experiments. This allowed the Nernst equation to be used to calculate the electrochemical potential gradient for sodium between the vacuole and the external solution. It was concluded that sodium was being transported into the vacuole against the electrochemical potential gradient. The location and role of the inwardly directed sodium pump implied by these results is discussed in relation to the efflux pumps for sodium reported for roots of other species. Potassium was also accumulated against the electrochemical potential gradient by these cells. Sodium was found to stimulate the growth of H. annuus when present in the culture solution at very low concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380233
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of a gradient of oxygen partial pressure across the intact root (1973)
    Springer
    Planta 111 (1973), S. 323-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Oxygen partial pressures in the vacuolar sap of root cells have been measured using oxygen sensitive polarographic microelectrodes. A significant gradient in oxygen partial pressure was observed across intact sunflower roots growing in air saturated culture solution. The relevance of this finding to the mechanism of salt transfer across the root and in particular to the Crafts-Broyer theory is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385551
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active chloride transport in the leaf epidermis of Commelina communis in relation to stomatal activity (1976)
    Springer
    Planta 130 (1976), S. 291-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A chloride selective micro-electrode has been used to determine vacuolar chloride concentrations in individual cells of the leaf epidermis of Commelina communis. When the stomata were open a gradient in chloride concentration across the stomatal complex was observed with the highest concentration in the guard cells. On stomatal closure the chloride gradient was reversed. Calculation of the driving forces on chloride indicated that active transport of chloride was occurring during both stomatal opening and closure. This transport appeared to be energetically independent of the transport of potassium. These results are discussed in relation to the behaviour of other anions during stomatal movements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387835
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the potential across the sieve plates in Vitis vinifera (1968)
    Springer
    Planta 80 (1968), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The electrical potential difference across the sieve plates in the primary phloem of Vitis vinifera was measured by inserting micro-electrodes into the sieve-tubes. The values obtained ranged from 4–48 mV. The potential across the transverse walls of the phloem fibres was also determined and found to range from I–II mV. These results are discussed in relation to the theory of translocation based on electro-osmosis put forward independently by Fensom and Spanner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387185
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active and passive ion transport in relation to transpiration in Helianthus annuus (1968)
    Springer
    Planta 83 (1968), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of transpiration on the uptake of K, Ca, NO3 and SO4 from two strengths of culture solution by Helianthus plants was investigated. In the dilute solution transpiration had no effect on the uptake of all the ions studied. In the more concentrated solution the uptake of K, NO3 and SO4 were found to be sensitive to changes in water flux across the root. Calcium uptake was found to be completely independent of water uptake in all the experiments. The results are interpreted in the light of the results from an earlier study on excised Helianthus roots. It is suggested that transpiration only affects the nonmetabolic transport of the ions across the root.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385135
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of stomatal movement (reply) (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 266 (1977), S. 282-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] BOWLING REPLIES-In developing the malate-switch hypothesis I considered the evidence for a connection between overall malate levels and stomatal aperture quoted by Das, Rao and Raghavendra1.1 do not think, however, that the evidence is as strong as they imply. For example, Pearson and Milthorpe2 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/266282b0
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