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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ‘Francolí’, a late flowering almond cultivar re-classified as self-compatible (2005)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Plant breeding 124 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: To verify the compatibility behaviour of the almond cultivar ‘Francolí’ and to clarify its S genotype a combination of pollination tests, stylar ribonuclease and allele specific PCR analysis was used. ‘Francolí’ was released from IRTA's breeding programme in 1994, having been putatively raised from the cross ‘Cristomorto’ (S1S2) × ‘Gabaix’ (S10S25). This cultivar was also reported to be self-incompatible but revealing only one S band in the zymograms after S-RNases analysis. ‘Francolí’ sets nuts after test crossing with two S1S25 cultivars, having a different genotype from that earlier reported. ‘Francolí’ was also observed to be self-compatible after selfing flowers in the field and in the laboratory. ‘Francolí’ was re-assigned the S1Sf genotype after test crossing, stylar ribonuclease and PCR data analysis. After microsatellite analysis, the self-compatible ‘Tuono’ (S1Sf) cultivar is suggested as the male parent of ‘Francolí’ instead of the earlier reported ‘Gabaix’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01088.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of incompatibility genotypes in almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) using specific primers based on the introns of the S-alleles (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Identification of the incompatibility genotypes of almond cultivars is important in breeding programmes for designing crosses and for selecting progeny. This paper describes a novel molecular technique for the identification of S-alleles in almond based on the use of PCR primers designed from the sequences of the introns without the need for restriction enzyme digestion. Nine specific pairs of primers have been designed for the S1, S2, S5, S7, S8, S9, S10 (putative), S23 and Sf alleles, and these confirmed the S-allele specificities for 22 of the 23 accessions for which published information is available. This technique provides a precise method for identifying S-alleles from the genomic DNAs of almond cultivars, and will be useful for confirming the segregation of alleles in breeding progeny.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00842.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stylar ribonucleases in almond: correlation with and prediction of incompatibility genotypes (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: To clarify incompatibility relationships among almond cultivars, 35 were analysed for stylar ribonucleases, which have previously been shown to correlate with incompatibility S alleles. Stylar proteins were extracted and separated electrophoretically and the zymograms compared with ladders of ribonucleases corresponding to the 12 S alleles previously reported. Sixteen cultivars showed a band corresponding to two of the known ribonucleases, 17 showed one known ribonuclease and one ‘new’ band, and two showed two new bands. Twelve new ribonucleases were detected; 11 were attributed to new S alleles (S13 to S23) and a mutant form of S7 was attributed to S7A. Genotypes were proposed for nine cultivars of five incompatibility groups that had not been genotyped previously, VII, X, XI, XII and XIII. Twenty-four cultivars of unknown incompatibility relationships were provisionally genotyped: six of these could be assigned to existing groups and two new groups were established, XIV and XV, along with group O of cultivars with unique genotypes. Test crosses confirmed that eight pairs of cultivars showing similar zymograms were indeed cross-incompatible, including the two representatives of each of the two new groups. Virtually all self-incompatible cultivars of known genotype are listed in a table. The data should be useful for planning cultivar combinations for orchards and for designing crosses for breeding programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00744.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Location of the self-incompatibility gene on the almond linkage map (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 117 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A progeny obtained from the almond cross ‘Ferragnès’בTuono’ (Prunus amygdalus Batsch) was used to study the self-incompatibility trait in three different ways: fruit set, pollen tube growth and stylar ribonuclease activity. As expected from the genotypes of the parents, all progeny appeared phenotypically as self-compatible. However, the progeny could be scored for the segregation of stylar ribonuclease isozymes and thus allowed the incompatibility locus to be placed on the almond linkage map.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1998.tb01450.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of the isoenzymic marker gene Got-1 in the recognition of incompatibility S alleles in apple (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 303-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Apple ; Incompatibility alleles ; Molecular markers ; Genes Got-1 ; S ; Linkage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The S incompatibility system of apple was confirmed through the application of the gene Got-1 for glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase as a marker for the S locus. The 11S alleles proposed by Kobel et al. (1939) were confirmed through anomalous segregations for Got-1 observed in 14 semi-compatible crosses and regular segregations observed in 2 fully compatible crosses. The S allele genotypes of ‘Idared’ (S 3 S 7), ‘Cox’ (S 5 S 9) and ‘Fiesta’ (S 3 S 5) were determined and found to fall within the original series. By associating parental incompatibility genotypes with the segregation of Got-1 alleles, we were able to deduce the coupling of S and Got-1 alleles in 9 varieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222218
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genes determining leucine aminopeptidase and mildew resistance from the ornamental apple, ‘White Angel’ (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 179-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Apple ; Mildew resistance ; Isoenzymes ; Genes Lap-2, P1 w , R w
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mildew resistance in the ornamental apple ‘White Angel’ was found to be determined by complementary genes. The gene R w was found to be necessary for the expression of resistance controlled by the resistance gene Pl w . The close linkage between the isoenzyme gene, Lap-2, for leucine aminopeptidase and P1 w was confirmed. The efficiency of Lap-2 as a marker in screening for mildew resistance is limited, as it cannot account for susceptible plants with the r w r w P1 w p1 w genotype. It has, however, an important role to play in combining resistance genes from different sources. The genotypes of ‘White Angel’ (R w r w , Pl w pl w , Lap-2an), ‘Jester’ (R w r w , p1 w p w , Lap-2an) ‘Katja’ (R w r w ,p1 w p1 w , Lap-2an) and ‘Gloster 69’ (r w r w , p1 w p1 w , Lap-2an) were determined. It also appeared that R w might influence Lap-2 activity in young seedlings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225743
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of ribonuclease zymograms and incompatibility genotypes in almond (1997)
    Springer
    Euphytica 97 (1997), S. 167-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Almond ; incompatibility ; non-equilibrium pH gradient electro-focusing ; Prunus dulcis ; ribonuclease ; self-compatibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Proteins were extracted from styles of 29 self-incompatible cultivars of almond and separated using non-equilibrium pH gradient electro-focusing, and the gels were stained for ribonuclease activity. Mutually incompatible cultivars had similar banding patterns and, for the 24 cultivars already genotyped in France or California, the bands correlated well with the reported alleles. The band corresponding to S1 of the French labelling system was indistinguishable from that corresponding to Sb of the Californian labelling system, and a controlled cross confirmed that these alleles are identical. The band corresponding to the Californian Sa was distinct from the bands corresponding to French alleles and, to harmonise the allele labels, it was redesignated S5. The genotypes of five uncharacterised self-incompatible cultivars were inferred from zymograms as follows: ‘Desmayo Largueta’ and ‘Glorieta’, S1S5, ‘Masbovera’, S1S9, ‘Tarragones’, S2S9, and ‘Tokyo’, S6S7. The alleles designated S6 and S9 have not previously been reported. Nine self-compatible cultivars or selections were analysed, and each showed a band corresponding to an incompatibility allele as well as a common band; however, the correspondence of this common band to Sf, the allele for self-compatibility, is unproven.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003030913308
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genes determining leucine aminopeptidase and mildew resistance from the ornamental apple, `White Angel' (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 179-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Apple ; Mildew resistance ; Isoenzymes ; Genes Lap-2 ; P1w ; Rw
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mildew resistance in the ornamental apple `White Angel' was found to be determined by complementary genes. The gene R w was found to be necessary for the expression of resistance controlled by the resistance gene Pl w . The close linkage between the isoenzyme gene, Lap-2, for leucine aminopeptidase and P1 w was confirmed. The efficiency of Lap-2 as a marker in screening for mildew resistance is limited, as it cannot account for susceptible plants with the r w r w P1 w p1 w genotype. It has, however, an important role to play in combining resistance genes from different sources. The genotypes of `White Angel' (R w r w , Pl w pl w , Lap-2an), `Jester' (R w r w , p1 w p1 w , Lap-2an) `Katja' (R w r w , p1 w p1 w , Lap-2an) and `Gloster 69' (r w r w , p1 w p1 w , Lap-2an) were determined. It also appeared that R w might influence Lap-2 activity in young seedlings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050263
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A stylar ribonuclease assay to detect self-compatible seedlings in almond progenies (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 800-810 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Almond ; Compatibility ; Genetics ; Prunus dulcis ; Ribonucleases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Six almond progenies, each the product of a cross between a self-compatible and a self-incompatible parent, were analysed for stylar ribonucleases. Proteins were extracted and separated using non-equilibrium pH gradient electrofocusing (NEPHGE), and the gels were stained for ribonuclease activity. Most seedlings showed either two principal bands, interpreted as corresponding to two incompatibility alleles, or a single band. The seedlings were also bagged in the field at flowering time to determine fruit set after selfing, and some were also examined for the growth of pollen-tubes in selfed styles using UV fluorescence microscopy. With very few exceptions, those seedlings showing single-banded zymograms were found to be self-compatible according to field and microscope studies, and those with two bands were found to be self-incompatible. We conclude that the allele for self-compatibility in almond does not code for ribonuclease activity and that the ribonuclease isoenzyme assay is a convenient technique for predicting self-compatibility in segregating progenies. A novel band in two derivatives of ’Ferrastar’ was ascribed to a new incompatibility allele, S 10 .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051299
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction of a saturated linkage map for Prunus using an almond×peach F2 progeny (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 1034-1041 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Almond ; Peach ; Prunus amygdalus ; P. persica ; Isozymes ; RFLPs ; Mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A map with 246 markers (11 isozymes and 235 RFLPs) was constructed using an interspecific F2 population between almond (cv Texas) and peach (cv Earlygold). RFLPs were obtained using 213 probes from the genomic and cDNA libraries of different species (almond, peach, P. ferganensis, cherry, plum and apple), including 16 almond probes which correspond to known genes. All markers were distributed in eight linkage groups, the same as the basic chromosome number of the genus, covering a total distance of 491 cM. The average map density was 2.0 cM/marker and only four gaps of 10 cM or more were found; the two largest gaps were 12cM each. This map was compared with one constructed previously with an intraspecific almond population sharing 67 anchor loci. Locus order was nearly identical and distances were not significantly different. A large proportion of the mapped loci (46%) had skewed segregations; in approximately half of them, the distortion was due to an excess of heterozygotes. One of the distorted regions could be associated with the position of the self-incompatibility gene of almond.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050988
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