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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant nitrogen concentration, use efficiency, and contents in a tallgrass prairie ecosystem under experimental warming (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 11 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Plant nitrogen (N) relationship has the potential to regulate plant and ecosystem responses strongly to global warming but has not been carefully examined under warmed environments. This study was conducted to examine responses of plant N relationship (i.e. leaf N concentration, N use efficiency, and plant N content in this study) to a 4-year experimental warming in a tallgrass prairie in the central Great Plains in USA. We measured mass-based N and carbon (C) concentrations of stem, green, and senescent leaves, and calculated N resorption efficiency, N use efficiency, plant N content, and C : N ratios of five dominant species (two C4 grasses, one C3 grass, and two C3 forbs). The results showed that warming decreased N concentration of both green and senescent leaves, and N resorption efficiency for all species. N use efficiencies and C : N ratios were accordingly higher under warming than control. Total plant N content increased under warming because of warming-induced increases in biomass production that are larger than the warming-induced decreases in tissue N concentration. The increases in N contents in both green and senescent plant tissues suggest that warming enhanced both plant N uptake and return through litterfall in the tallgrass ecosystem. Our results also suggest that the increased N use efficiency in C4 grasses is a primary mechanism leading to increased biomass production under warming in the grassland ecosystem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01030.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microanalysis by amplification: Determination of silver and gold (1970)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 58 (1970), S. 359-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Methoden zur gravimetrischen Bestimmung von Silber und Gold durch Vervielfachung wurden ausgearbeitet. Mengen von 900μg Ag bzw. 204μg Au können auf 2 bis 3% bzw. 4% genau bestimmt werden. Der Multiplikationsvorgang läßt sich durch Zusatz bekannter Mengen Silbernitrat bzw. Goldchlorid automatisieren, bis hinreichende Mengen AgCl bzw. Au2O3 zur Messung ausfallen.
    Notes: Summary Methods have been developed for the determination of silver and gold by gravimetric amplification. The determination of silver and gold as small an amount as 900μg and 204μg can be carried out with an accuracy of 2–3% and 4% respectively. The amplification process for the determination of silver and gold can be automated by the addition of a known amount of silver nitrate or gold chloride till sufficient precipitate of AgCl or Au2O3· 8 AgCl for measurement has been obtained respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01221616
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semiquantitative determination of thiourea, thiocyanate, and sulfide by circular thin layer chromatography (1970)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 58 (1970), S. 254-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Verfahren zur halbquantitativen Bestimmung von Thioharnstoff, Thiocyanat und Sulfid wurde beschrieben. Es beruht auf der chromatographischen Herstellung kreisförmiger Flecken oder Ringe auf Dünnschichtplatten. Mit empfindlichen und spezifischen Tüpfelreaktionen wurden die Flecken gefärbt und die Farbintensität mit Standardproben verglichen. Die Genauigkeit beträgt ± 5%.
    Notes: Summary A method for semiquantitative determination of thiourea, thiocyanate, and sulfide is described. It involves making “circular spots” or rings on chromatoplates using the circular thin layer Chromatographic apparatus. The method is based on sensitivity and specificity of spot reactions and comparison of the color intensity of a “circular spot” with that of sensitivity standards. The accuracy of the method is ± 5% and the procedure is rapid, simple and economical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01221599
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid thermal annealing of in situ p-doped polycrystalline silicon thin-films (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 34 (1999), S. 4955-4958 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Polycrystalline silicon thin films deposited via low-pressure chemical vapour deposition (LPCVD) have a rough surface and a resistance which is too high for use within microelectronic devices. However, both of these problems may be overcome by in situ doping of the polycrystalline silicon films with phosphorus by introducing PH3/N2 and SiH4/N2 mixtures simultaneously into a LPCVD reactor but, such doping requires a high temperature furnace step (≅950°C) to bring the resistivity down to the required level. In general, prolonged exposure to high temperature is undesirable since it not only reduces the resistivity of the polycrystalline silicon film but also disturbs the existing dopant profiles and alters the structure of the films deposited. This ultimately makes the devices fabricated unreliable, difficult to reproduce and thus a broad device specification in batch production. The solution is to decrease the furnace temperature or reduce the time the devices are kept at high temperature. The latter may be achieved by using a technique known as rapid thermal annealing (RTA). In this paper we examine rapid thermal annealing as a quick method of redistributing the dopants in order to achieve a lower sheet resistance. The results obtained are compared with conventional furnace annealing. It will be shown that rapid thermal annealing is an attractive and often better alternative to conventional annealing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004707605012
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition and characterization of copper indium gallium diselenide films by laser ablation and flash evaporation for use in solar cells (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 5611-5613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) thin films have shown considerable promise for use as an absorber layer in high-efficiency solar cells. The initial results obtained from the preparation of CIGS films via laser ablation and flash evaporation are presented along with a comparison of the two deposition processes. The as-deposited CIGS films have been characterized by a variety of techniques, namely Rutherford back scattering and energy dispersive analysis using X-rays for composition measurements X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy for structure elucidation, SEM for surface examination, and the four-point probe for resistivity measurements. In essence, good-quality coatings of CIGS were produced from both deposition processes in terms of their stoichiometry, electrical and structural properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018684726577
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cDNA encoding a nuclear hormone receptor of the steroid/thyroid hormone-receptor superfamily from the human parasitic nematode Strongyloides stercoralis (2000)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 86 (2000), S. 24-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A cDNA encoding a nuclear hormone receptor of the steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily was obtained from third-stage larvae(L3) of the parasitic roundworm Strongyloides stercoralis. A recombinant clone was isolated via screening of an S. stercoralis cDNA library with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-generated probe. The insert of 2583 bp contained the complete coding sequence of the receptor homologue. The conceptually translated amino acid sequence of this open reading frame encodes a 753-amino-acid-residue protein with an apparent molecular weight of 83.6 kDa and a predicted isoelectric point (pI) of 8.52. The coding sequence is 69% AT and the noncoding sequence is 72% AT, reflecting a characteristic A/T codon bias of S. stercoralis. In this report the amino acid sequence of the S. stercoralis nuclear hormone receptor of the steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily is compared with that of nuclear hormones of Caenorhabditis elegans, human orphan nuclear receptors, and insect ecdysone receptors. The potential role of steroids in the induction of hyperinfection syndrome is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008502
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cDNA encoding the highly immunodominant antigen of Strongyloides stercoralis: γ-subunit of isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (2000)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 86 (2000), S. 279-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A full length cDNA encoding the highly immunodominant 41 kDa antigen of Strongyloides stercoralis (P5), recognized by 83% of human patients [Siddiqui et al. (1997) Parasitol Res 83:655–658], is obtained. A clone containing a 1371 bp insert was selected following screening of the S. stercoralis cDNA library with antibodies specific to antigen P5. The nucleotide sequence of this insert identified a cDNA coding for the γ-subunit of isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+), GenBank Accession Number AF176568. The conceptually translated amino acid sequence of the open reading frame for the γ-subunit of S. stercoralis isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) encodes a 388 amino acid residue protein with an apparent molecular weight of 43 kDa and a predicted pI of 7.15. The sequence is 71% A/T, reflecting the characteristic A/T codon bias of S. stercoralis. The amino acid sequence of the S. stercoralisγ-subunit of isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) is compared with those of Caenorhabditis elegans, rat and human NAD+-ICDH. The diagnostic potential of the S. stercoralisγ-subunit of isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050043
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Setaria cervi: Enzymes of glycolysis and PEP-succinate pathway (1977)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 51 (1977), S. 275-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Setaria cervi, the filarial parasite inhabiting the Indian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis Linn.) contained almost all the enzymes involved in glycogen degradation. Significant activities of glycogen phosphorylase, glucokinase, phosphoglucomutase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphofructokinase, FDP-aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphopyruvate hydratase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase were detected in cell-free extracts of whole worms. The presence of PEP-carboxykinase, malate dehydrogenase, fumarase and fumarate reductase revealed the functioning of the PEP-succinate pathway in addition to phosphorylating glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway in the parasite. Excepting fumarate reductase all other enzymes were localized in the particulate-free cytosol fraction, although small amounts of glycogen phosphorylase, aldolase and lactate dehydrogenase were also detected in the mitochondrial fraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384814
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiolabeling ofNecator americanus third stage larvae with75Se-methionine (1990)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 76 (1990), S. 722-723 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Third stage larvae ofNecator americanus were radiolabeled with75Se-methionine by two methods. Larvae labeled in aqueous cultures contained 188 and 25 cpm per sheathed and ex-sheathed larva, respectively. Larvae labeled in coproculture incorporated 25 and 18 cpm per sheathed and ex-sheathed larva, respectively. All of the label was decayed in 5 days from larvae labeled in aqueous cultures, whereas appreciable amounts of radioactivity were still detectable at day 7 of chase peroid in coproculture labeled larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931094
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strongyloides stercoralis: identification of antigens in natural human infections from endemic areas of the United States (1997)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 83 (1997), S. 655-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using Western-blot analysis, we identified eight immunodominant antigens (apparent molecular weights 96, 86, 75, 56, 41, 32, 28, and 26 kDa) of Strongyloides stercoralis in natural human infections. For this study, 78 individual serum samples were obtained from S.␣stercoralis-infected patients residing in endemic areas of the United States. Poly A+ RNA was translated in vitro in the rabbit-reticulocyte lysate system. The newly synthesized translation products were immuno-precipitated with S. stercoralis human infection sera. All eight of the identified antigens were detected in the immunoprecipitates. The potential of these antigens as targets for immunodiagnosis is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050314
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